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主窗口和DirectInput的封裝

注：GE是GameEngine的縮寫。

GE_APP類解決應用程序的窗口創建問題，為了突出消息處理，這個類并沒有更抽象地將窗口程序的消息循環體代碼進行封裝。因此，這里的應用程序架構是創建窗口（包括注冊窗口類，創建窗口，顯示窗口，設置窗口回調函數的默認處理），然后繼續使用消息循環體，讀取鍵盤和鼠標的輸入等，進行一幀的渲染或其他處理。

命名約定：
（1）類采用大寫和下劃線，如 GE_APP。
（2）類里面的成員變量如果是private或者protected類型，采用下劃線開始，緊接著小寫字母，如 _data。
（3）類里面的成員變量如果是public類型，采用m_開始，緊接著小寫字母，如m_data。
（4）類里面的方法如果是private或者protected類型，采用下劃線開始，緊接著大寫字母，如 _Func()。
（5）類里面的方法如果是public類型，采用大寫字母開始，如 Func()。
（6）不管是變量還是函數都不采用大小寫混合命名，而采用下劃線，以更有利于閱讀。
（7）目前編譯器的及時信提示功能已經十分強大，這里將不采用匈牙利命名法，以免影響代碼閱讀。

由于本人水平有限，代碼中可能有錯誤，如若發現，敬請指出。

源碼下載

需要在工程中設置鏈接dxguid.lib和dinput8.lib。

首先定義1個頭文件GE_COMMON.h，來包含公用的頭文件。

GE_COMMON.h

/*************************************************************************************
[Include File]

PURPOSE:
Include Common header files.
*************************************************************************************/

#ifndef GAME_ENGINE_COMMON_H
#define GAME_ENGINE_COMMON_H

#define DIRECTINPUT_VERSION 0x0800 // let compile shut up

#include <windows.h>
#include <tchar.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#include <d3d9.h>
#include <d3dx9.h>
#include <dinput.h>
#include <dsound.h>

#define Safe_Release(object) if((object) != NULL) { (object)->Release(); (object)=NULL; }

#endif

接著定義GE_APP.h

/*************************************************************************************
[Include File]

PURPOSE:
    Create Game Main Window Framework.
*************************************************************************************/

#ifndef GAME_ENGINE_APP_H
#define GAME_ENGINE_APP_H

#include "GE_COMMON.h"

#define WINDOW_CLASS_NAME       "MY_GAME"

class GE_APP
{
private:
    HWND _wnd;
    WNDCLASSEX _wnd_class;

public:
    GE_APP()    {};
    ~GE_APP()    {};

    WNDCLASSEX Get_Window_Class()       { return _wnd_class; }
    HWND Get_Window_Handle()            { return _wnd; }

    bool Create_Window(LPCTSTR win_title, HINSTANCE instance, int cmd_show);
    static LRESULT CALLBACK Window_Proc(HWND wnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);

private:
    ATOM _Reg_Window_Class(HINSTANCE instance);
};

#endif

GE_APP.cpp

/*************************************************************************************
[Implement File]

PURPOSE:
    Create Game Main Window Framework.
*************************************************************************************/

#include "GE_COMMON.h"
#include "GE_APP.h"

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Create a window by specified title and show type.
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
bool GE_APP::Create_Window(LPCTSTR win_title, HINSTANCE instance, int cmd_show)
{
    // regiter window class
    _Reg_Window_Class(instance);

    // create a window
    _wnd = CreateWindow(WINDOW_CLASS_NAME, win_title, WS_SYSMENU | WS_CAPTION | WS_VISIBLE,
                        CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, NULL, NULL, instance, NULL);

    if(_wnd == NULL)
        // create failed
        return false;

    // sets the specified window's show state
    ShowWindow(_wnd, cmd_show);
    // updates the client area of the specified window
    UpdateWindow(_wnd);

    return true;
}

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Registers a window class for subsequent use in calls to the CreateWindow
// or CreateWindowEx function.
//
// If the function succeeds, the return value is a class atom that uniquely
// identifies the class being registered.
// If the function fails, the return value is zero.
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ATOM GE_APP::_Reg_Window_Class(HINSTANCE instance)
{
    _wnd_class.cbSize          = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
    _wnd_class.style           = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
    _wnd_class.lpfnWndProc     = (WNDPROC) Window_Proc;
    _wnd_class.cbClsExtra      = 0;
    _wnd_class.cbWndExtra      = 0;
    _wnd_class.hInstance       = instance;
    _wnd_class.hIcon           = 0;
    _wnd_class.hCursor         = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
    _wnd_class.hbrBackground   = (HBRUSH) GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH);
    _wnd_class.lpszMenuName    = 0;
    _wnd_class.lpszClassName   = WINDOW_CLASS_NAME;
    _wnd_class.hIconSm         = NULL;

    return RegisterClassEx(&_wnd_class);
}

//--------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Callback function, handle message return by windows.
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------
LRESULT CALLBACK GE_APP::Window_Proc(HWND wnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
    switch(msg)
    {
    case WM_DESTROY:
        PostQuitMessage(0);
        break;
    }

    return DefWindowProc(wnd, msg, wParam, lParam);
}

現在封裝DirectInput。

GE_INPUT.h

/*************************************************************************************
[Include File]

PURPOSE:
    Create Game Input handle module.
*************************************************************************************/

#ifndef GAME_ENGINE_INPUT_H
#define GAME_ENGINE_INPUT_H

#include "GE_COMMON.h"

#define ITEMS_NUM   10

static LPDIRECTINPUT8 g_directinput = NULL;

BOOL CALLBACK Enum_Joystick(LPCDIDEVICEINSTANCE device_instance, LPVOID data);

class GE_INPUT
{
private:
    bool _use_joystick;

    LPDIRECTINPUTDEVICE8 _keyboard;
    LPDIRECTINPUTDEVICE8 _mouse;
    LPDIRECTINPUTDEVICE8 _joystick;

    char _key_buffer[256];                          // keyboad buffer (immediate mode)
    DIDEVICEOBJECTDATA _mouse_buffer[ITEMS_NUM];    // mouse data buffer (buffer mode)
    DIJOYSTATE2 _joystick_buffer;                   // joystick buffer (immediate mode)

    long _left_mouse_move_x, _left_mouse_move_y;    // mouse move coordinate

public:
    GE_INPUT();
    ~GE_INPUT();

    void Create_Input(HINSTANCE instance, HWND hwnd, int min = -100, int max = 100,
        int dead_zone = 20, bool use_joystick = false);

    bool Read_Keyboard();
    bool Read_Mouse();
    bool Read_Joystick();
    bool Is_LButton_Pressed();
    bool Is_RButton_Pressed();
    bool Is_MButton_Pressed();

    // Judge which key user has been pressed
    bool Is_Key_Pressed(int key)    { return (_key_buffer[key] & 0x80 ? true : false); }

    long Get_Mouse_Move_X() { return _left_mouse_move_x; }
    long Get_Mouse_Move_Y() { return _left_mouse_move_y; }

    // Judge which joystick button has been pressed
    bool Is_JSButton_Pressed(int button)
    {
        return (_joystick_buffer.rgbButtons[button] & 0x80) ? true : false;
    }

private:
    bool _Create_Directinput(HINSTANCE instance);
    bool _Create_Keyboard(HWND hwnd);
    bool _Create_Mouse(HWND hwnd);
    bool _Create_Joystick(HWND hwnd, int min, int max, int dead_zone);
    void _Release_Input();
};

#endif

GE_INPUT.cpp

/*************************************************************************************
[Implement File]

PURPOSE:
    Create Game Input handle module.
*************************************************************************************/

#include "GE_COMMON.h"
#include "GE_INPUT.h"

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Constructor, initialize data.
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GE_INPUT::GE_INPUT()
{
    _use_joystick = false;
    _keyboard = NULL;
    _mouse    = NULL;
    _joystick = NULL;
    _left_mouse_move_x = 0;
    _left_mouse_move_y = 0;
}

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Destructor, Release input resource.
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GE_INPUT::~GE_INPUT()
{
    _Release_Input();
}

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Release all input resource.
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void GE_INPUT::_Release_Input()
{
    // Releases access to keyboard
    if(_keyboard)
        _keyboard->Unacquire();

    // Releases access to mouse
    if(_mouse)
        _mouse->Unacquire();

    // Releases access to joystick
    if(_use_joystick && (_joystick != NULL))
        _joystick->Unacquire();

    // release keyboard and mouse
    Safe_Release(_keyboard);
    Safe_Release(_mouse);

    // release joystick
    if(_use_joystick)
        Safe_Release(_joystick);

    Safe_Release(g_directinput);
}

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Create directinput, include keybrad, mouse, joystick.
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void GE_INPUT::Create_Input(HINSTANCE instance, HWND hwnd, int min, int max, int dead_zone, bool use_joystick)
{
    _Create_Directinput(instance);

    _Create_Keyboard(hwnd);
    _Create_Mouse(hwnd);

    if(use_joystick)
        _Create_Joystick(hwnd, min, max, dead_zone);
}

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Creates a Microsoft DirectInput object.
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
bool GE_INPUT::_Create_Directinput(HINSTANCE instance)
{
    if(FAILED(DirectInput8Create(instance, DIRECTINPUT_VERSION, IID_IDirectInput8, (void**) &g_directinput, NULL)))
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, "Create Directinput object failed.", "ERROR", MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
        return false;
    }

    return true;
}

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Create keyboard device.
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
bool GE_INPUT::_Create_Keyboard(HWND hwnd)
{
    // create keyboard device
    if(FAILED(g_directinput->CreateDevice(GUID_SysKeyboard, &_keyboard, NULL)))
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, "DirectInput interface create failed.", "ERROR", MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
        return false;
    }

    // Sets the data format for the Microsoft DirectInput device.
    if(FAILED(_keyboard->SetDataFormat(&c_dfDIKeyboard)))
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, "Set data format with keyboard read mode failed.", "ERROR", MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
        return false;
    }

    // Establishes the cooperative level for this instance of the device.
    // The cooperative level determines how this instance of the device interacts with other instances
    // of the device and the rest of the system.
    if(FAILED(_keyboard->SetCooperativeLevel(hwnd, DISCL_FOREGROUND | DISCL_NONEXCLUSIVE)))
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, "Set cooperative Leve failed.", "ERROR", MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
        return false;
    }

    // Obtains access to the keyboard device
    if(FAILED(_keyboard->Acquire()))
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, "Acquire keyboard access failed.", "ERROR", MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
        return false;
    }

    // zero keyboard buffer
    ZeroMemory(_key_buffer, sizeof(char) * 256);

    return true;
}

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Read keyboard data from buffer.
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
bool GE_INPUT::Read_Keyboard()
{
    if(DIERR_INPUTLOST == _keyboard->GetDeviceState(sizeof(_key_buffer), (LPVOID) _key_buffer))
    {
        // re-acquire access to keyboard
        _keyboard->Acquire();

        if(FAILED(_keyboard->GetDeviceState(sizeof(_key_buffer), (LPVOID) _key_buffer)))
            return false;
    }

    return true;
}

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Create mouse device.
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
bool GE_INPUT::_Create_Mouse(HWND hwnd)
{
    // create mouse input device
    if(FAILED(g_directinput->CreateDevice(GUID_SysMouse, &_mouse, NULL)))
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, "Create mouse input device failed.", "ERROR", MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
        return false;
    }

    // set data format for mouse
    if(FAILED(_mouse->SetDataFormat(&c_dfDIMouse)))
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, "Set mouse data format failed.", "ERROR", MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
        return false;
    }

    // set cooperative level for mouse
    if(FAILED(_mouse->SetCooperativeLevel(hwnd, DISCL_FOREGROUND | DISCL_NONEXCLUSIVE)))
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, "Set mouse cooperative level failed.", "ERROR", MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
        return false;
    }

    // set property for mouse
    DIPROPDWORD device_prop;

    device_prop.diph.dwSize       = sizeof(DIPROPDWORD);
    device_prop.diph.dwHeaderSize = sizeof(DIPROPHEADER);
    device_prop.diph.dwObj        = 0;
    device_prop.diph.dwHow        = DIPH_DEVICE;
    device_prop.dwData            = ITEMS_NUM;

    if(FAILED(_mouse->SetProperty(DIPROP_BUFFERSIZE, &device_prop.diph)))
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, "Set property for mouse failed.", "ERROR", MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
        return false;
    }

    // get access to mouse
    if(FAILED(_mouse->Acquire()))
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, "Get access to mouse failed.", "ERROR", MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
        return false;
    }

    return true;
}

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Read data from mouse buffer.
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
bool GE_INPUT::Read_Mouse()
{
    DWORD read_num = 1;

    // zero mouse buffer before reading data
    ZeroMemory(_mouse_buffer, sizeof(DIDEVICEOBJECTDATA) * ITEMS_NUM);

    // read all mouse data from buffer
    for(int i = 0; i < ITEMS_NUM; i++)
    {
        if(DIERR_INPUTLOST == _mouse->GetDeviceData(sizeof(DIDEVICEOBJECTDATA), &_mouse_buffer[i], &read_num, 0))
        {
            _mouse->Acquire();

            if(FAILED(_mouse->GetDeviceData(sizeof(DIDEVICEOBJECTDATA), &_mouse_buffer[i], &read_num, 0)))
                return false;
        }

        if(_mouse_buffer[i].dwOfs == DIMOFS_X)
            _left_mouse_move_x += _mouse_buffer[i].dwData;

        if(_mouse_buffer[i].dwOfs == DIMOFS_Y)
            _left_mouse_move_y += _mouse_buffer[i].dwData;
    }

    return true;
}

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Judge whether left mouse button has been pressed.
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
bool GE_INPUT::Is_LButton_Pressed()
{
    for(int i = 0; i < ITEMS_NUM; i++)
    {
        if((_mouse_buffer[i].dwOfs == DIMOFS_BUTTON0) && (_mouse_buffer[i].dwData & 0x80))
            return true;
    }

    return false;
}

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Judge whether right mouse button has been pressed.
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
bool GE_INPUT::Is_RButton_Pressed()
{
    for(int i = 0; i < ITEMS_NUM; i++)
    {
        if((_mouse_buffer[i].dwOfs == DIMOFS_BUTTON1) && (_mouse_buffer[i].dwData & 0x80))
            return true;
    }

    return false;
}

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Judge whether mouse wheel has been pressed.
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
bool GE_INPUT::Is_MButton_Pressed()
{
    for(int i = 0; i < ITEMS_NUM; i++)
    {
        if((_mouse_buffer[i].dwOfs == DIMOFS_BUTTON2) && (_mouse_buffer[i].dwData & 0x80))
            return true;
    }

    return false;
}

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Create joystick.
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
bool GE_INPUT::_Create_Joystick(HWND hwnd, int min, int max, int dead_zone)
{
    // Enumerates all joystick that have been installed successfully
    if(FAILED(g_directinput->EnumDevices(DI8DEVCLASS_GAMECTRL, Enum_Joystick, &_joystick, DIEDFL_ATTACHEDONLY)))
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, "Enumerate joystick failed.", "ERROR", MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
        return false;
    }

    if(_joystick == NULL)
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, "There is no joystick has been installed.", "ERROR", MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
        return false;
    }

    // set data format for mouse
    if(FAILED(_mouse->SetDataFormat(&c_dfDIJoystick2)))
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, "Set joystick data format failed.", "ERROR", MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
        return false;
    }

    // set cooperative level for mouse
    if(FAILED(_mouse->SetCooperativeLevel(hwnd, DISCL_FOREGROUND | DISCL_NONEXCLUSIVE)))
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, "Set joystick cooperative level failed.", "ERROR", MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
        return false;
    }

    // set property for mouse
    DIPROPRANGE device_prop;

    device_prop.diph.dwSize       = sizeof(DIPROPRANGE);
    device_prop.diph.dwHeaderSize = sizeof(DIPROPHEADER);
    device_prop.diph.dwObj        = 0;
    device_prop.diph.dwHow        = DIPH_DEVICE;
    device_prop.lMin              = min;
    device_prop.lMax              = max;

    if(FAILED(_joystick->SetProperty(DIPROP_RANGE, &device_prop.diph)))
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, "Set property range for joystick failed.", "ERROR", MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
        return false;
    }

    // set dead zone for joystick
    DIPROPDWORD dead_zone_prop;

    dead_zone_prop.diph.dwSize       = sizeof(DIPROPDWORD);
    dead_zone_prop.diph.dwHeaderSize = sizeof(DIPROPHEADER);
    dead_zone_prop.diph.dwObj        = 0;
    dead_zone_prop.diph.dwHow        = DIPH_DEVICE;
    dead_zone_prop.dwData            = 100 * dead_zone;DIPROP_DEADZONE;

    if(FAILED(_joystick->SetProperty(DIPROP_DEADZONE, &dead_zone_prop.diph)))
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, "Set dead zone for joystick failed.", "ERROR", MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
        return false;
    }

    // zero joystick buffer
    ZeroMemory(&_joystick, sizeof(DIJOYSTATE2));

    return true;
}

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Read data from joystick.
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
bool GE_INPUT::Read_Joystick()
{
    // get access to joystick
    if(FAILED(_joystick->Acquire()))
        return false;

    // polling joystick to retrieve data
    if(FAILED(_joystick->Poll()))
        return false;

    // get joystick current state
    if(DIERR_INPUTLOST == _joystick->GetDeviceState(sizeof(DIJOYSTATE2), &_joystick_buffer))
    {
        // re-acquire access to joystick
        _joystick->Acquire();

        if(FAILED(_joystick->GetDeviceState(sizeof(DIJOYSTATE2), &_joystick_buffer)))
            return false;
    }

    return true;
}

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Application-defined callback function that receives Microsoft DirectInput devices
// as a result of a call to the IDirectInput8::EnumDevices method.
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BOOL CALLBACK Enum_Joystick(LPCDIDEVICEINSTANCE device_instance, LPVOID data)
{
    LPDIRECTINPUTDEVICE8* diDevice = (LPDIRECTINPUTDEVICE8*) data;

    if(FAILED(g_directinput->CreateDevice(device_instance->guidInstance, diDevice, NULL)))
        return DIENUM_CONTINUE;

    return DIENUM_STOP;
}

測試程序，由于身邊沒有游戲手柄，所以無法測試關于Joystick的代碼，這個測試程序存在一些BUG，但大體能用。

/*************************************************************************************
[Implement File]

PURPOSE:
    Test Window Framework.
*************************************************************************************/

#define DIRECTINPUT_VERSION 0x0800

#include <stdio.h>
#include "GE_APP.h"
#include "GE_INPUT.h"

#pragma warning(disable : 4996)

int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE instance, HINSTANCE, LPSTR cmd_line, int cmd_show)
{
    GE_APP ge_app;
    GE_INPUT ge_input;

    MSG msg = {0};
    TCHAR temp_text[50] = {0};
    POINT curr_pos; // current mouse cursor position

    // create window
    if(! ge_app.Create_Window("Test Window Frame", instance, cmd_show))
        return false;

    HWND hwnd = ge_app.Get_Window_Handle();
    HDC hdc = GetDC(hwnd);

    // create directinput
    ge_input.Create_Input(instance, hwnd, -100, 100, 20, true);

    SetWindowPos(hwnd, 0, 0,0,0,0, SWP_NOSIZE);
    SetCursorPos(0, 0);

    while(msg.message != WM_QUIT)
    {
        if(PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0,0 , PM_REMOVE))
        {
            TranslateMessage(&msg);
            DispatchMessage(&msg);
        }
        else
        {
            // read data from keyboard buffer
            if(ge_input.Read_Keyboard())
            {
                if(ge_input.Is_Key_Pressed(DIK_A))
                    MessageBox(NULL, "Key A is pressed.", "Hint", MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);

                if(ge_input.Is_Key_Pressed(DIK_F) && ge_input.Is_Key_Pressed(DIK_LCONTROL))
                    MessageBox(NULL, "Ctrl+F is pressed.", "Hint", MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);

                if(ge_input.Is_Key_Pressed(DIK_ESCAPE))
                    PostQuitMessage(0);
            }

            // read mouse input
            if(ge_input.Read_Mouse())
            {
                GetCursorPos(&curr_pos);
                ScreenToClient(hwnd, &curr_pos);

                if(ge_input.Is_LButton_Pressed())
                {
                    sprintf(temp_text, "LEFT(%d, %d)", ge_input.Get_Mouse_Move_X(), ge_input.Get_Mouse_Move_Y());
                    TextOut(hdc, curr_pos.x, curr_pos.y, temp_text, lstrlen(temp_text));
                }

                if(ge_input.Is_RButton_Pressed())
                {
                    sprintf(temp_text, "RIGHT(%d, %d)", ge_input.Get_Mouse_Move_X(), ge_input.Get_Mouse_Move_Y());
                    TextOut(hdc, curr_pos.x, curr_pos.y, temp_text, lstrlen(temp_text));
                }
            }
        }
    }

    UnregisterClass(WINDOW_CLASS_NAME, instance);

    return true;
}

posted on 2007-05-07 01:42 lovedday 閱讀(1659) 評論(0) 編輯收藏引用所屬分類: ■ DirectX 9 Program

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主窗口和DirectInput的封裝

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常用鏈接

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