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Windows WDM
Zw*與Nt*的區別
2007-08-19 09:56
某些Zw*和Nt*函數既在ntdll.dll中導出又在ntoskrnl.exe中導出,他們有什么區別呢? 我們分三部分比較: step 1: ntdll.dll中的Zw*和Nt*有什么區別? step 2: ntoskrnl.exe中的Zw*和Nt*有什么區別? step 3: ntdll.dll中的Zw*與ntoskrnl.exe中的Zw*有什么區別? ???????? ntdll.dll中的Nt*與ntoskrnl.exe中的Nt*有什么區別? 在下面的討論中我們以ZwCreateFile和NtCreateFile為例
討論前:我先貼點Kd給我們的答案 Part1: kd> u Ntdll! ZwCreateFile L4 ntdll!ZwCreateFile: 77f87cac b820000000??????? mov????? eax,0x20 77f87cb1 8d542404????????? lea????? edx,[esp+0x4] 77f87cb5 cd2e????????????? int????? 2e 77f87cb7 c22c00??????????? ret????? 0x2c kd> u Ntdll! NtCreateFile L4 ntdll!ZwCreateFile: 77f87cac b820000000??????? mov????? eax,0x20 77f87cb1 8d542404????????? lea????? edx,[esp+0x4] 77f87cb5 cd2e????????????? int????? 2e 77f87cb7 c22c00??????????? ret????? 0x2c
Part2: kd> u Nt!ZwCreateFile L4 nt!ZwCreateFile: 8042fa70 b820000000??????? mov????? eax,0x20 8042fa75 8d542404????????? lea????? edx,[esp+0x4] 8042fa79 cd2e????????????? int????? 2e 8042fa7b c22c00??????????? ret????? 0x2c kd> u Nt!NtCreateFile L14 nt!NtCreateFile: 804a7172 55??????????????? push???? ebp 804a7173 8bec????????????? mov????? ebp,esp 804a7175 33c0????????????? xor????? eax,eax 804a7177 50??????????????? push???? eax 804a7178 50??????????????? push???? eax 804a7179 50??????????????? push???? eax 804a717a ff7530??????????? push???? dword ptr [ebp+0x30] 804a717d ff752c??????????? push???? dword ptr [ebp+0x2c] 804a7180 ff7528??????????? push???? dword ptr [ebp+0x28] 804a7183 ff7524??????????? push???? dword ptr [ebp+0x24] 804a7186 ff7520??????????? push???? dword ptr [ebp+0x20] 804a7189 ff751c??????????? push???? dword ptr [ebp+0x1c] 804a718c ff7518??????????? push???? dword ptr [ebp+0x18] 804a718f ff7514??????????? push???? dword ptr [ebp+0x14] 804a7192 ff7510??????????? push???? dword ptr [ebp+0x10] 804a7195 ff750c??????????? push???? dword ptr [ebp+0xc] 804a7198 ff7508??????????? push???? dword ptr [ebp+0x8] 804a719b e8b284ffff??????? call???? nt!IoCreateFile (8049f652) 804a71a0 5d??????????????? pop????? ebp 804a71a1 c22c00??????????? ret????? 0x2c
1) Part1 輸出的是Ntdll.dll中ZwCreateFile和NtCreateFile的匯編代碼,我們發現實現是一樣的; eax是中斷號,edx是函數的參數起始地址([Esp]是返回地址);從而我可以大膽的說:Ntdll.dll中ZwCreateFile和NtCreateFile功能是一樣的作用:都是調用int 2E中斷;
IDA給我們的答案: .text:77F87CAC ; Exported entry?? 92. NtCreateFile .text:77F87CAC ; Exported entry 740. ZwCreateFile .text:77F87CAC .text:77F87CAC .text:77F87CAC????????????????? public ZwCreateFile .text:77F87CAC ZwCreateFile???? proc near??????????????? ; .text:77F87CAC .text:77F87CAC arg_0??????????? = dword ptr?? 4 .text:77F87CAC .text:77F87CAC????????????????? mov????? eax, 20h???????? ; NtCreateFile .text:77F87CB1????????????????? lea????? edx, [esp+arg_0] .text:77F87CB5????????????????? int????? 2Eh????????????? ; DOS 2+ internal - EXECUTE COMMAND .text:77F87CB5????????????????????????????????????????? ; DS:SI -> counted CR-terminated command string .text:77F87CB7????????????????? retn???? 2Ch .text:77F87CB7 ZwCreateFile???? endp
原來在ntdll中NtCreateFile只是ZwCreateFile的別名。
2) Part2 輸出的是Ntoskrnl.exe中ZwCreateFile和NtCreateFile的匯編代碼,也許令你很失望,匯編代碼不一樣;ZwCreateFile中eax是中斷號,edx是函數的參數起始地址,然后調用int 2E中斷; NtCreateFile只是把參數入棧去調用IoCreateFile; 他們的區別是:NtCreateFile是實現代碼,而ZwCreateFile仍通過中斷來實現功能,2E軟中斷的20h子中斷號的處理程序是NtCreateFile;這樣一說他們是沒區別了?錯!NtCreateFile是在ring0下了,而ZwCreateFile是通過int 2E進入ring0的,而不論ZwCreateFile處于什么模式下。
3) 從而我們得出: ??? ntdll.dll中ZwCreateFile與ntoskrnl.exe中ZwCreateFile的區別是:前者是user Mode application called,后者是Kernel Mode driver Called; ??? ntdll.dll中NtCreateFile與ntoskrnl.exe中NtCreateFile區別是:前者在ring3下工作,后者在ring0下工作;前者通過中斷實現,后者是前者的中斷處理程序。
注: 以前弄的東西,今天才寫的,不知道有沒有問題,望見諒!如果還有不清楚的參見:http://www.osronline.com/article.cfm?article=257 (Osronline/The Nt Insider/The Nt Insider 2003 Archive)
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