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C++ primer plus 文件處理程序

第一個(gè)程序：將內(nèi)容寫入txt文本

#include "stdafx.h"

#include <iostream>

#include <fstream> //for file I/O

using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char* argv[])

{

char automobile[50];

int year;

double a_price;

double d_price;

ofstream outFile; //creat object for output

/* associate with a file在這里，程序運(yùn)行之前，文件carinfo.txt并不存在。

* 在這種情況下，方法open()將新建一個(gè)名為carinfo.txt的文件。運(yùn)行該程序

* 之后，文件carinfo.txt將存在。默認(rèn)情況下，open()將首先截短該文件，即

* 將其長(zhǎng)度截短到零——丟棄原有內(nèi)容，然后將新的輸出加入到該文件中。

* 打開已有的文件，以接受輸出時(shí)，默認(rèn)將它其長(zhǎng)度截短為零，因此原來(lái)的內(nèi)容將丟失。

outFile.open("carinfo.txt");

cout<<"Enter the make and model of auto mobile: ";

cin.getline(automobile,50);

cout<<"Enter the model year: ";

cin>>year;

cout<<"Enter the original asking price: ";

cin>>a_price;

d_price=0.913*a_price;

//display information on screen with cout

cout<<fixed;

cout.precision(2);

cout.setf(ios_base::showpoint);

cout<<"Make and model: "<<automobile<<endl;

cout<<"Year: "<<year<<endl;

cout<<"Was asking $"<<a_price<<endl;

cout<<"Now asking $"<<d_price<<endl;

//now do exact same things using outFile instead of cout

outFile<<fixed;

cout.precision(2);

cout.setf(ios_base::showpoint);

outFile<<"Make and mode: "<<automobile<<endl;

outFile<<"Year: "<<year<<endl;

outFile<<"Was asking $"<<a_price<<endl;

outFile<<"Now asing $"<<d_price<<endl;

outFile.close(); //done with file

return 0;

}

第二個(gè)程序：讀取txt文本的內(nèi)容
下面程序打開用戶指定的文件，讀取其中的數(shù)字，然后指出文件中包含多少個(gè)值以及它們的和與平均值。正確地設(shè)計(jì)輸入循環(huán)至關(guān)重要。
這個(gè)程序我運(yùn)行的時(shí)候出了一個(gè)問題，就是未能找到最后結(jié)果計(jì)算，如下圖所示，

正確的運(yùn)行結(jié)果應(yīng)該是：

很有意思，可以研究哈，我在csdn發(fā)帖詢問了，可參考其帖子：txt文件讀取問題
程序代碼如下：

#include "stdafx.h"

#include <iostream>

#include <fstream> //file I/O support

#include <cstdlib> //support for exit()

using namespace std;

const int SIZE =60;

int main(int argc, char* argv[])

{

char filename[SIZE];

ifstream inFile; //object for handling file input

cout<<"Enter name of data file: ";

cin.getline(filename, SIZE);

inFile.open(filename); //associate inFile with a file

if(!inFile.is_open()) //failed to open file

{

cout<<"Could not open the file "<<filename<<endl;

cout<<"Program terminating.\n";

exit(EXIT_FAILURE);

}

double value;

double sum=0.0;

int count=0; //number of items read

inFile>>value; //get first value

while(inFile.good()) //while input good and not at EOF

{

++count; //one more item read

sum+=value; //calculate runing total

//cout<<"第"<<count<<"個(gè)數(shù)="<<value<<endl;

inFile>>value; //get next value

}

//cout<<value<<endl;

if(inFile.eof())

cout<<"End of file reached.\n";

else if(inFile.fail())

cout<<"Input terminated by data mismatch.\n";

else

cout<<"Input terminated for unknown reason.\n";

if(count==0)

cout<<"No data processed.\n";

else

{

cout<<"Items read: "<<count<<endl;

cout<<"Sum: "<<sum<<endl;

cout<<"Average: "<<sum/count<<endl;

}

inFile.close(); //finished with the file