1.1 Surfaces之封裝CXSurface

1、Surfaces是什么：
　　通俗的講surfaces就是一個二維的矩形平面。在DX9中，與其對應的com接口為IDirect3DSurface9，LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9。

2、Surfaces的作用：
　　作為一個矩形平面，surfaces用來在屏幕上顯示平面圖象，即從文件中讀取圖象數據呈現給用戶。

3、IDirect3DSurface9的使用一般過程：
　　聲明： LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9
　　創建： CreateOffscreenPlainSurface(…)
　　獲取圖象信息： D3DXGetImageInfoFromFile(…)
　　裝載到surfaces中： D3DXLoadSurfaceFromFile(…)
　　獲取back buffer地址： GetBackBuffer(…)
　　顯示： UpdateSurface(…)
　　釋放內存 Release()

代碼段如下：

LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 g_Surface =NULL;
D3DXIMAGE_INFO Info;
D3DXGetImageInfoFromFile("D:\image.jpg", &Info);
g_pd3dDevice->CreateOffscreenPlainSurface(Info.Width, Info.Height, Info.Format, &g_Surface, NULL);
D3DXLoadSurfaceFromFile(g_Surface, NULL, NULL, "D:\image.jpg", NULL, D3DX_FILTER_NONE, 0xFF000000, NULL);

//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 BackBuffer = NULL;
g_pd3dDevice->GetBackBuffer(0,0,D3DBACKBUFFER_TYPE_MONO, &BackBuffer);
g_pd3dDevice->UpdateSurface(g_Surface, NULL, BackBuffer, NULL);
if(BackBuffer != NULL)
??? BackBuffer->Release();

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
if(g_Surface!= NULL)
??? g_Surface ->Release();

　　由上述過程可以看到，IDirect3DSurface9的使用雖然不十分復雜，但有點不方便 ——創建和釋放總要成對出現，使用過程中還穿插著LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9接口。這些若用一個類封裝起來，使用就要方便的多。

4、如何封裝：
　　按照surfaces的功能，創建它就用來顯示圖象。因此要有讀取圖象的接口和顯示圖象的接口。又要與LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9設備接口關聯，因此需要一個設置設備的接口。如下所示：

1、聲明及釋放
　　聲明： LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9
　　釋放內存 Release()

2、關聯圖像：LoadFromFile
　　獲取圖象信息： D3DXGetImageInfoFromFile(…)
　　創建： CreateOffscreenPlainSurface(…)
　　裝載到surfaces中： D3DXLoadSurfaceFromFile(…)

3、顯示圖象 Render
　　獲取緩存地址： GetBackBuffer(…)
　　顯示： UpdateSurface(…)

4、關聯設備接口 SetDevice

所以CXSurface的定義如下：

class CXSurface
{
protected:
??? LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 m_Surface;
??? LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 m_BackBuffer; //Back buffer
??? LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 m_pDevice; //Direct3D的設備指針
public:
??? CXSurface(LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 pDevice);
??? ~CXSurface();
??? HRESULT LoadFromFile(LPCSTR Path);
??? void Render(void);
};


1.2 Textures & Sprite 之封裝CXTexture & CXSprite

1、何為Textures
　　Textures是在屏幕上顯示的平面圖形，它能夠提供比 surface 更多的圖形處理效果——移動、縮放、旋轉及作為紋理皮膚粘貼在3D模型上。在Direct3D中，其封裝的接口為IDirect3DTexture9。

2、何為Sprite
　　IDirect3DTexture9能從文件中讀取紋理數據，但由于Textures不能直接復制到 back buffer，因此在屏幕上繪制Textures之前，需要另一個接口——ID3DXSprite（精靈）。ID3DXSprite能夠把若干個Textures 復制給back buffer，因此需要ID3DXSprite的一個實例就可以繪制所有的紋理。
　　所以，IDirect3DTexture9用來存放程序所需的紋理，但它本身又不能繪制紋理，需要借助接口ID3DXSprite。

3、IDirect3DTexture9和ID3DXSprite的使用過程
　　定義：~
　　創建：D3DXCreateTextureFromFile
　　　　　D3DXCreateSprite
　　創建變換矩陣： D3DXMatrixTransformation2D
　　變換： SetTransform
　　繪制圖象： Draw
　　釋放內存： ~

代碼如下：

D3DXCreateTextureFromFile(g_pd3dDevice, "c:\\image.bmp”, &g_Texture);
D3DXCreateSprite(g_pd3dDevice, &g_Sprite);

//--------------------------------------------------------------------------
D3DXVECTOR2 Translation;
Translation.x = 500;
Translation.y = 500;
D3DXVECTOR2 Scaling;
Scaling.x = 1.0;f
Scaling.y = 1.0f;
D3DXMATRIX Mat;
D3DXMatrixTransformation2D(&Mat, NULL, 0, &Scaling, NULL, 0, &Translation);
g_Sprite->Begin(0);
g_Sprite->SetTransform(&
g_Sprite->Draw(g_Texture,
g_Sprite->End();

4、 如何封裝
　　從以上的基本過程可以看到，CXTexture需要完成的功能：提供與LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9的接口，與紋理文件文件關聯，對紋理進行處理（縮放、旋轉……）。

class CXTexture
{
protected:
??? LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 m_Texture;
??? LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 m_pDevice;
??? D3DXVECTOR2 m_RotationCenter;
??? D3DXVECTOR2 m_Translation;
??? D3DXVECTOR2 m_Scaling;
??? FLOAT m_Rotation;
??? RECT m_SrcRect;
public:
??? CXTexture(LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 pDevice);
??? ~CXTexture();

??? LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 GetTexture() const {return m_Texture;}
??? void SetTexture(LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 Texture) const {m_Texture = Texture;}
??? LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 GetDevice() const {return m_pDevice;}
??? void SetDevice(LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 pDevice) const {m_pDevice = pDevice;}
??? D3DXVECTOR2 GetRotationCenter() const {return m_RotationCenter;}
??? void SetRotationCenter(D3DXVECTOR2 RotationCenter) {m_RotationCenter = RotationCenter;}
??? D3DXVECTOR2 GetTranslation() const {return m_Translation;}
??? void SetTranslation (D3DXVECTOR2 Translation) const {m_Translation = Translation;}
??? D3DXVECTOR2 GetScaling() const {return m_Scaling;}
??? void SetScaling(D3DXVECTOR2 Scaling) const {m_Scaling = Scaling;}
??? FLOAT GetRotation() const {return m_Rotation;}
??? void SetRotation (FLOAT Rotation) const {m_Rotation = Rotation;}
??? RECT GetRect() const {return m_SrcRect;}
??? void SetRect(RECT SrcRect) const {m_SrcRect = SrcRect;}
??? HRESULT LoadFromFile(char* Path);
};

CXSprite的主要功能就是在屏幕上顯示 CXTexture，因此需要有與 LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 接口和 CXTexture連接的函數。

class CXSprite
{
protected:
??? LPD3DXSPRITE m_Sprite;
??? LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 m_pDevice;
public:
??? CXSprite (LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 pDevice);
??? ~CXSprite ();

??? LPD3DXSPRITE GetSprite() const {return m_Sprite;}
??? void SetSprite(LPD3DXSPRITE Sprite) const {m_Sprite = Sprite;}
??? LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 GetDevice() const {return m_pDevice;}
??? void SetDevice(LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 pDevice) const {m_pDevice = pDevice;}
??? HRESULT DrawTexture(CXTexture* Texture);
};


1.3 Keyboard & Mouse之封裝CXKeyboard & CXMouse

1、何為Keyboard & Mouse
　　“地球人都知道”。DX9提供的接口 IDirectInputDevice8。

2、二者的功能
　　Keyboard：讀取鍵盤的按鍵信息
　　Mouse：讀取鼠標的按鍵、位置信息，設置光標屬性(如用圖片表示光標)。

3、使用過程
　　創建 IDirectInput8 對象 DirectInput8Create
　　創建 IDirectInput8 設備（鍵盤、鼠標等） CreateDevice
　　設置設備屬性 SetCooperativeLevel
　　SetDataFormat
　　獲取設備使用權 Acquire
　　讀取設備傳入的數據 GetDeviceState
　　釋放設備及 IDirectInput8 Release

設置鼠標光標過程：
　　創建光標圖片資源： 參照surfaces
　　設置光標為指定的圖片 SetCursorProperties
　　設置光標的初始位置 SetCursorPosition
　　顯示光標 ShowCursor

程序段如下：

LPDIRECTINPUT8 g_lpDI;
LPDIRECTINPUTDEVICE8 g_Keyboard;
LPDIRECTINPUTDEVICE8 g_Mouse

//========================================================
HRESULT Result = DirectInput8Create(g_hInst, DIRECTINPUT_VERSION, IID_IDirectInput8, (void**)&g_lpDI, NULL);

if(SUCCEEDED(Result))
{
??? //創建鍵盤設備
??? Result = g_lpDI->CreateDevice(GUID_SysKeyboard, &g_lpDIDevice, NULL);
??? if(SUCCEEDED(Result))
??? {
??????? g_lpDIDevice->SetCooperativeLevel(g_hWnd, DISCL_FOREGROUND | DISCL_NONEXCLUSIVE);
??????? g_lpDIDevice->SetDataFormat(&c_dfDIKeyboard);
??? }
}

//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//獲取按鍵信息
if(SUCCEEDED(g_Keyboard->Acquire())) //Acquire the device
{
??? char KeyState[256];
??? g_Keyboard->GetDeviceState(sizeof(KeyState),(LPVOID)&KeyState);
??? //根據KeyState返回的數據就可以判斷按下何鍵
}

//====================================================
//創建鼠標
g_lpDI->CreateDevice(GUID_SysMouse, &g_Mouse, NULL);
g_Mouse->SetDataFormat(&c_dfDIMouse);
g_Mouse->SetCooperativeLevel(g_hWnd, DISCL_EXCLUSIVE | DISCL_FOREGROUND);

//------------------------------------------------------------------------
//設置鼠標光標
//獲取光標圖片
D3DXIMAGE_INFO ImageInfo;
D3DXGetImageInfoFromFile("C:\\Cursor.jpg”, &ImageInfo);
g_pd3dDevice->CreateOffscreenPlainSurface(ImageInfo.Width, ImageInfo.Height, ImageInfo.Format, D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, &g_MouseCursor, NULL);
D3DXLoadSurfaceFromFile(g_MouseCursor, NULL, NULL, ("C:\\Cursor.jpg”, NULL, D3DX_FILTER_NONE, 0xFF000000, NULL);

//設置成指定的光標
g_pd3dDevice->SetCursorProperties(0,0, g_MouseCursor);

//初試位置
g_pd3dDevice->SetCursorPosition(0,0,D3DCURSOR_IMMEDIATE_UPDATE);

//顯示光標
g_pd3dDevice->ShowCursor(true);

//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
//獲取鼠標信息
if(SUCCEEDED(g_Mouse->Acquire()))
{
??? DIMOUSESTATE State;
??? g_Mouse->GetDeviceState(sizeof(DIMOUSESTATE),(LPVOID)&State);
??? //信息保存在 State中。
}

//==============================================
//釋放設備
if(g_lpDI != NULL)
??? g_lpDI->Release();

4、封裝
　　CXKeyboard的封裝

class CXKeyboard
{
private:
??? LPDIRECTINPUTDEVICE8 m_pDevice;
??? char m_KeyState[256];
public:
??? CXKeyboard (LPDIRECTINPUT8 pInput, HWND hWnd);
??? ~ CXKeyboard();

??? bool IsKeyPressed(int Key);
??? HRESULT Update();
};

CXMouseSurface的封裝

為了能制作出動畫效果的光標，因此需要一個surfaces列表，因此從CXSurface繼承一個CXMouseSurface類，使之能夠操作多個圖片。

class CXMouseSurface : public CXSurface
{
private:
??? CXMouseSurface* m_pNext;
??? int MouseSurfaceType;
??? UINT HotSpotX;
??? UINT HotSpotY;
public:
??? CXMouseSurface* GetNext() {return m_pNext;}
??? void SetNext(CXMouseSurface* Surf) {m_pNext = Surf;}
??? int GetSurfaceType() {return MouseSurfaceType;}
??? void SetSurfaceType(int Type) {MouseSurfaceType = Type;}
??? UINT GetHotSpotX() {return HotSpotX;}
??? UINT GetHotSpotY() {return HotSpotY;}
??? void SetHotSpotX (UINT X) {HotSpotX = X;}
??? void SetHotSpotY (UINT Y) {HotSpotY = Y;}
??? CXMouseSurface(LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 pDevice) : CXSurface(pDevice) {m_pNext = NULL;}
??? CXMouseSurface() : CXSurface() {m_pNext = NULL;}
}；

CXMouse的封裝

class CXMouse
{
private:
??? CXMouseSurface* m_Surface; //指向光標列表
??? CXMouseSurface* m_CurrentCursorSurface; //當前光標
??? LPDIRECTINPUTDEVICE8 m_pDevice;
??? LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 m_p3DDevice;
??? DIMOUSESTATE m_State;
??? LONG m_iX;
??? LONG m_iY;

public:
??? CXMouse (LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 pDevice, LPDIRECTINPUT8 pInput, HWND hWnd, bool Exclusive);
??? ~ CXMouse();

??? HRESULT Update();
??? LONG GetXPos();
??? LONG GetYPos();
??? bool IsButtonPressed(int Button);
??? HRESULT SetCursorImage();
??? HRESULT SetMouseCursor(char* FilePath, UINT HotSpotX, UINT HotSpotY, int Type);
??? void AddCursorSurface(CXMouseSurface* Surface);
??? CXMouseSurface* GetFirstSurface() {return m_Surface;}
??? bool SetCursor(int Type);
??? CXMouseSurface* GetCurrentCursor() {return m_CurrentCursorSurface;}
??? void SetCurrentCursor(CXMouseSurface* Surface) {m_CurrentCursorSurface = Surface;}
??? void SetCursorPosition(int X, int Y);
??? HRESULT SetCursorVisible(bool Show);
};