原文地址：
http://blog.csdn.net/zhangzuohai/archive/2009/06/19/4282117.aspx遍歷所有的文件和文件夾并對文件進(jìn)行操作。
#include "stdlib.h" #include "direct.h" #include "string.h" #include "io.h" #include "stdio.h" #include "iostream.h" class CBrowseDir 
{ protected: //存放初始目錄的絕對路徑，以'\'結(jié)尾 char m_szInitDir[_MAX_PATH]; public: //缺省構(gòu)造器 CBrowseDir(); //設(shè)置初始目錄為dir，如果返回false，表示目錄不可用 bool SetInitDir(const char *dir); //開始遍歷初始目錄及其子目錄下由filespec指定類型的文件 //filespec可以使用通配符 * ?，不能包含路徑。 //如果返回false，表示遍歷過程被用戶中止 bool BeginBrowse(const char *filespec); protected: //遍歷目錄dir下由filespec指定的文件 //對于子目錄,采用迭代的方法 //如果返回false,表示中止遍歷文件 bool BrowseDir(const char *dir,const char *filespec); //函數(shù)BrowseDir每找到一個文件,就調(diào)用ProcessFile //并把文件名作為參數(shù)傳遞過去 //如果返回false,表示中止遍歷文件 //用戶可以覆寫該函數(shù),加入自己的處理代碼 virtual bool ProcessFile(const char *filename); //函數(shù)BrowseDir每進(jìn)入一個目錄,就調(diào)用ProcessDir //并把正在處理的目錄名及上一級目錄名作為參數(shù)傳遞過去 //如果正在處理的是初始目錄,則parentdir=NULL //用戶可以覆寫該函數(shù),加入自己的處理代碼 //比如用戶可以在這里統(tǒng)計(jì)子目錄的個數(shù) virtual void ProcessDir(const char *currentdir,const char *parentdir); }; CBrowseDir::CBrowseDir() { //用當(dāng)前目錄初始化m_szInitDir getcwd(m_szInitDir,_MAX_PATH); //如果目錄的最后一個字母不是'\',則在最后加上一個'\' int len=strlen(m_szInitDir); if (m_szInitDir[len-1] != '\\') strcat(m_szInitDir,"\\"); } bool CBrowseDir::SetInitDir(const char *dir) { //先把dir轉(zhuǎn)換為絕對路徑 if (_fullpath(m_szInitDir,dir,_MAX_PATH) == NULL) return false; //判斷目錄是否存在 if (_chdir(m_szInitDir) != 0) return false; //如果目錄的最后一個字母不是'\',則在最后加上一個'\' int len=strlen(m_szInitDir); if (m_szInitDir[len-1] != '\\') strcat(m_szInitDir,"\\"); return true; } bool CBrowseDir::BeginBrowse(const char *filespec) { ProcessDir(m_szInitDir,NULL); return BrowseDir(m_szInitDir,filespec); } bool CBrowseDir::BrowseDir(const char *dir,const char *filespec) { _chdir(dir); //首先查找dir中符合要求的文件 long hFile; _finddata_t fileinfo; if ((hFile=_findfirst(filespec,&fileinfo)) != -1) { do { //檢查是不是目錄 //如果不是,則進(jìn)行處理 if (!(fileinfo.attrib & _A_SUBDIR)) { char filename[_MAX_PATH]; strcpy(filename,dir); strcat(filename,fileinfo.name); cout << filename << endl; if (!ProcessFile(filename)) return false; } } while (_findnext(hFile,&fileinfo) == 0); _findclose(hFile); } //查找dir中的子目錄 //因?yàn)樵谔幚韉ir中的文件時，派生類的ProcessFile有可能改變了 //當(dāng)前目錄，因此還要重新設(shè)置當(dāng)前目錄為dir。 //執(zhí)行過_findfirst后，可能系統(tǒng)記錄下了相關(guān)信息，因此改變目錄 //對_findnext沒有影響。 _chdir(dir); if ((hFile=_findfirst("*.*",&fileinfo)) != -1) { do { //檢查是不是目錄 //如果是,再檢查是不是 . 或 .. //如果不是,進(jìn)行迭代 if ((fileinfo.attrib & _A_SUBDIR)) { if (strcmp(fileinfo.name,".") != 0 && strcmp (fileinfo.name,"..") != 0) { char subdir[_MAX_PATH]; strcpy(subdir,dir); strcat(subdir,fileinfo.name); strcat(subdir,"\\"); ProcessDir(subdir,dir); if (!BrowseDir(subdir,filespec)) return false; } } } while (_findnext(hFile,&fileinfo) == 0); _findclose(hFile); } return true; } bool CBrowseDir::ProcessFile(const char *filename) { return true; } void CBrowseDir::ProcessDir(const char *currentdir,const char *parentdir) { } //從CBrowseDir派生出的子類，用來統(tǒng)計(jì)目錄中的文件及子目錄個數(shù) class CStatDir:public CBrowseDir { protected: int m_nFileCount; //保存文件個數(shù) int m_nSubdirCount; //保存子目錄個數(shù) public: //缺省構(gòu)造器 CStatDir() { //初始化數(shù)據(jù)成員m_nFileCount和m_nSubdirCount m_nFileCount=m_nSubdirCount=0; } //返回文件個數(shù) int GetFileCount() { return m_nFileCount; } //返回子目錄個數(shù) int GetSubdirCount() { //因?yàn)檫M(jìn)入初始目錄時，也會調(diào)用函數(shù)ProcessDir， //所以減1后才是真正的子目錄個數(shù)。 return m_nSubdirCount-1; } protected: //覆寫虛函數(shù)ProcessFile，每調(diào)用一次，文件個數(shù)加1 virtual bool ProcessFile(const char *filename) { m_nFileCount++; return CBrowseDir::ProcessFile(filename); } //覆寫虛函數(shù)ProcessDir，每調(diào)用一次，子目錄個數(shù)加1 virtual void ProcessDir (const char *currentdir,const char *parentdir) { m_nSubdirCount++; CBrowseDir::ProcessDir(currentdir,parentdir); } }; void main() { //獲取目錄名 char buf[256]; printf("請輸入要統(tǒng)計(jì)的目錄名:"); gets(buf); //構(gòu)造類對象 CStatDir statdir; //設(shè)置要遍歷的目錄 if (!statdir.SetInitDir(buf)) { puts("目錄不存在。"); return; } //開始遍歷 statdir.BeginBrowse("*.*"); printf("文件總數(shù): %d\n子目錄總數(shù):%d\n",statdir.GetFileCount(),statdir.GetSubdirCount()); }
本文來自CSDN博客，轉(zhuǎn)載請標(biāo)明出處：http://blog.csdn.net/zhangzuohai/archive/2009/06/19/4282117.aspx相關(guān)函數(shù)的解釋
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_fullpath(char*abspath,char* relpath,size_t maxsize);
參數(shù)解釋
absPath
Pointer to a buffer containing the absolute or full path name, or NULL.
relPath
Relative path name.
maxLength
Maximum length of the absolute path name buffer (absPath ). This length is in bytes for _fullpath but in wide characters (wchar_t ) for _wfullpath .
返回值
Each of these functions returns a pointer to a buffer containing the absolute path name (absPath ). If there is an error (for example, if the value passed in relPath includes a drive letter that is not valid or cannot be found, or if the length of the created absolute path name (absPath ) is greater than maxLength ), the function returns NULL .
Remarks
The _fullpath function expands the relative path name in relPath to its fully qualified or absolute path and stores this name in absPath . If absPath is NULL, malloc is used to allocate a buffer of sufficient length to hold the path name. It is the responsibility of the caller to free this buffer. A relative path name specifies a path to another location from the current location (such as the current working directory: "."). An absolute path name is the expansion of a relative path name that states the entire path required to reach the desired location from the root of the file system. Unlike _makepath , _fullpath can be used to obtain the absolute path name for relative paths (relPath ) that include "./" or "../" in their names.
For example, to use C run-time routines, the application must include the header files that contain the declarations for the routines. Each header file include statement references the location of the file in a relative manner (from the application's working directory):
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改變當(dāng)前的工作目錄到指定的目錄中
_chdir, _wchdir
Changes the current working directory.
int _chdir(
const char *dirname
);
int _wchdir(
const wchar_t *dirname
);Parameters
dirname
Path of new working directory.
Return Value
These functions return a value of 0 if successful. A return value of –1 indicates failure. If the specified path could not be found, errno is set to ENOENT . If dirname is NULL, the invalid parameter handler is invoked, as described in Parameter Validation . If execution is allowed to continue, errno is set to EINVAL and the function returns -1.
Remarks
The _chdir function changes the current working directory to the directory specified by dirname . The dirname parameter must refer to an existing directory. This function can change the current working directory on any drive. If a new drive letter is specified in dirname , the default drive letter is changed as well. For example, if A is the default drive letter and \BIN is the current working directory, the following call changes the current working directory for drive C and establishes C as the new default drive:
代碼
posted on 2009-12-13 14:40
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