經(jīng)過前幾節(jié)的講解，相信大家都能夠熟練地開發(fā)gSOAP應(yīng)用程序，甚至跨平臺也不是問題。但是，諸如stock、weather、exchange這些應(yīng)用都是面向大眾提供的免費(fèi)資源，不是企業(yè)級的應(yīng)用，絕大多數(shù)都不需要用戶認(rèn)證。而那些商業(yè)化的應(yīng)用卻恰恰相反，大部分都要求客戶端提供這樣那樣的驗(yàn)證。
由于有認(rèn)證的免費(fèi)資源實(shí)在難找，我只好把公司正在使用的一個(gè)服務(wù)的wsdl裁剪一下，拿到這里作為實(shí)例，裁剪后的wsdl只保留一個(gè)echo接口，顧名思義，就是客戶端送什么字符串上來，服務(wù)端就返回同樣的字符串。這個(gè)wsdl如下（業(yè)務(wù)相關(guān)的網(wǎng)址和end point均已作了特別處理）：
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<s0:definitions name="ServicesDefinitions" targetNamespace="http://echo.rsecure.com/ECHO" xmlns="" xmlns:s0="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" xmlns:s1="http://echo.rsecure.com/ECHO" xmlns:s2="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/">
<s0:types>
<xs:schema attributeFormDefault="unqualified" elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://echo.rsecure.com/ECHO" xmlns:s0="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" xmlns:s1="http://echo.rsecure.com/ECHO" xmlns:s2="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
<xs:element name="echo">
<xs:complexType>
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element name="EchoMessage" type="xs:string"/>
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>
<xs:element name="echoResponse">
<xs:complexType>
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element name="Echo" type="xs:string"/>
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>
</xs:schema>
</s0:types>
<s0:message name="echo">
<s0:part element="s1:echo" name="parameters"/>
</s0:message>
<s0:message name="echoResponse">
<s0:part element="s1:echoResponse" name="Echo"/>
</s0:message>
<s0:portType name="LMIAPort">
<s0:operation name="echo" parameterOrder="parameters">
<s0:input message="s1:echo"/>
<s0:output message="s1:echoResponse"/>
</s0:operation>
</s0:portType>
<s0:binding name="ServicesSoapBinding" type="s1:LMIAPort">
<s2:binding style="document" transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"/>
<s0:operation name="echo">
<s2:operation style="document"/>
<s0:input>
<s2:body parts="parameters" use="literal"/>
</s0:input>
<s0:output>
<s2:body parts="Echo" use="literal"/>
</s0:output>
</s0:operation>
</s0:binding>
<s0:service name="Services">
<s0:port binding="s1:ServicesSoapBinding" name="lmiAPort">
<s2:address location="https://localhost:6883"/>
</s0:port>
</s0:service>
</s0:definitions>
在gsoap-2.7/gsoap/wsdl/目錄下建立兩個(gè)目錄：echo和echo_server，按照前幾節(jié)的方法分別建立gSOAP客戶端和服務(wù)端。客戶端與前幾節(jié)的相比，首先是增加了soap_ssl_client_context處理HTTPS協(xié)議。其次，本案例使用的是基本認(rèn)證(Basic Authentication)，需要在soap變量初始化之后給出用戶名和密碼。
struct soap soap;
soap_init(&soap);
soap.userid = argv[1];
soap.passwd = argv[2];
客戶端完整程序如下：
#include "soapH.h"
#include "ServicesSoapBinding.nsmap"
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
if ( argc != 4 && argc != 5 ) {
printf("Usage: %s username password message [end_point]\n", argv[0]);
exit(-1);
}
struct soap soap;
soap_init(&soap);
soap.userid = argv[1];
soap.passwd = argv[2];
struct _ns1__echo request;
struct _ns1__echoResponse response;
soap_ssl_init();
if ( soap_ssl_client_context(&soap, SOAP_SSL_NO_AUTHENTICATION, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL) ) {
soap_print_fault(&soap, stderr);
exit(-1);
}
request.EchoMessage = argv[3];
char *endpoint = NULL;
if ( argc == 5 )
endpoint = argv[4];
printf("username : %s\n", soap.userid);
printf("password : %s\n", soap.passwd);
printf("message : %s\n", request.EchoMessage);
if ( endpoint )
printf("end point : %s\n", endpoint);
if ( soap_call___ns1__echo(&soap, endpoint, NULL, &request, &response) == SOAP_OK ) {
printf("%s\n", response.Echo);
}
else {
soap_print_fault(&soap, stderr);
}
soap_destroy(&soap);
soap_end(&soap);
soap_done(&soap);
return 0;
}
保存為echo.c，編譯命令如下，注意增加了-DWITH_OPENSSL參數(shù)，以及需要鏈接libssl庫。
gcc -DWITH_OPENSSL -O2 -o echo
echo.c soapC.c soapClient.c ../../stdsoap2.c -I../.. -L../.. -lgsoap –lssl
服務(wù)端的編寫相對麻煩，以下給出一個(gè)最簡單的實(shí)現(xiàn)。與第二節(jié)的stock服務(wù)端程序相比，主要是增加了soap_ssl_server_context處理HTTPS協(xié)議，其中需要用到gsoap-2.7.17自帶的ssl實(shí)例程序中的幾個(gè)pem證書，把它們拷貝過來即可使用。另外，與不需要認(rèn)證的應(yīng)用相比，__ns1__echo增加了用戶密碼校驗(yàn)。這個(gè)案例里，設(shè)定客戶端送上來的用戶/密碼應(yīng)當(dāng)為roy/liang，否則將返回401錯誤。
#include <pthread.h>
#include "soapH.h"
#include "ServicesSoapBinding.nsmap"
void *process_request(void *soap) {
pthread_detach(pthread_self());
if ( soap_ssl_accept((struct soap *) soap) != SOAP_OK )
soap_print_fault((struct soap *) soap, stderr);
else
soap_serve((struct soap *) soap);
soap_end((struct soap *) soap);
soap_free((struct soap *) soap);
return NULL;
}
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
if ( argc != 2 ) {
printf("Usage: %s port\n", argv[0]);
exit(-1);
}
int port = atol(argv[1]);
pthread_t tid;
struct soap *tsoap;
struct soap soap;
soap_init(&soap);
soap_ssl_init();
if ( soap_ssl_server_context(&soap, SOAP_SSL_DEFAULT, "server.pem", "password", "cacert.pem", NULL, "dh512.pem", NULL, argv[0]) ) {
soap_print_fault(&soap, stderr);
exit(-1);
}
int m, s;
if ( (m = soap_bind(&soap, NULL, port, 100)) < 0 ) {
soap_print_fault(&soap, stderr);
}
else {
printf("Socket connect successfully: master socket = %d\n", m);
int i = 0;
while ( 1 ) {
if ( (s = soap_accept(&soap)) < 0 ) {
soap_print_fault(&soap, stderr);
break;
}
printf("Connection %d accepted from IP = %d.%d.%d.%d, slave socket = %d\n", ++i, (soap.ip >> 24) & 0xff, (soap.ip >> 16) & 0xff, (soap.ip >> 8) & 0xff, soap.ip & 0xff, s);
tsoap = soap_copy(&soap);
if ( !tsoap ) {
soap_closesock(&soap);
continue;
}
pthread_create(&tid, NULL, &process_request, (void *) tsoap);
}
}
soap_done(&soap);
return 0;
}
int __ns1__echo(
struct soap *soap,
struct _ns1__echo *request,
struct _ns1__echoResponse *response) {
if ( !soap->userid || !soap->passwd || strcmp(soap->userid, "roy") || strcmp(soap->passwd, "liang") )
return 401;
int len = strlen(request->EchoMessage);
response->Echo = (char *) malloc(sizeof(char) * (len + 1));
strcpy(response->Echo, request->EchoMessage);
return SOAP_OK;
}
保存為echo_server.c，編譯命令是：
gcc -DWITH_OPENSSL -O2 -o
echo_server echo_server.c soapC.c soapServer.c ../../stdsoap2.c -I../.. -L../..
-lgsoap -lssl -lcrypto –lpthread
客戶端和服務(wù)端都編譯完成后，首先啟動服務(wù)端：
-bash-3.2$
./echo_server
6883
Socket connect successfully: master socket = 3
然后，在另一個(gè)窗口運(yùn)行客戶端，由于wsdl里已經(jīng)指定默認(rèn)end point是https://localhost:6883，因此，客戶端并不需要額外給出。
正常的返回結(jié)果：
- -bash-3.2$
./echo roy
liang hi
- username : roy
- password : liang
- message : hi
- hi
用戶、密碼不正確將返回401錯誤：
- -bash-3.2$
./echo roy xxx
hi
- username : roy
- password : xxx
- message : hi
- Error 401 fault: SOAP-ENV:Server [no subcode]
- "HTTP/1.1 401 Unauthorized"
- Detail: <?xml version="1.0"
encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <SOAP-ENV:Envelope
xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
xmlns:SOAP-ENC="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
xmlns:ns1="http://echo.rsecure.com/ECHO"><SOAP-ENV:Body><SOAP-ENV:Fault><faultcode>SOAP-ENV:Client</faultcode><faultstring>HTTP
Error: 401
Unauthorized</faultstring></SOAP-ENV:Fault></SOAP-ENV:Body></SOAP-ENV:Envelope>
基于HTTP的基本認(rèn)證(Basic Authentication)比基于HTTPS的更加簡單，在客戶端和服務(wù)端的程序去除HTTPS處理即可，不再贅述。
另外，本案例中用到的證書的失效日期好像是2010年11月2日，在此之后執(zhí)行的結(jié)果可能會不一樣。
http://blog.csdn.net/yui/archive/2010/08/17/5817771.aspx