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            旅途

            如果想飛得高,就該把地平線忘掉

            在C#中用WM_COPYDATA消息來實現進程間通信

            進程之間通訊的幾種方法:
            在Windows程序中,各個進程之間常常需要交換數據,進行數據通訊。常用的方法有
            使用內存映射文件
            通過共享內存DLL共享內存
            使用SendMessage向另一進程發(fā)送WM_COPYDATA消息
            比起前兩種的復雜實現來,WM_COPYDATA消息無疑是一種經濟實惠的一中方法.(ZT)

            WM_COPYDATA消息的主要目的是允許在進程間傳遞只讀數據。Windows在通過WM_COPYDATA消息傳遞期間,不提供繼承同步方式。SDK文檔推薦用戶使用SendMessage函數,接受方在數據拷貝完成前不返回,這樣發(fā)送方就不可能刪除和修改數據:
            這個函數的原型及其要用到的結構如下:
            SendMessage(hwnd,WM_COPYDATA,wParam,lParam);
            其中,WM_COPYDATA對應的十六進制數為0x004A
            wParam設置為包含數據的窗口的句柄。lParam指向一個COPYDATASTRUCT的結構:
            typedef struct tagCOPYDATASTRUCT{
            DWORD dwData;//用戶定義數據
            DWORD cbData;//數據大小
            PVOID lpData;//指向數據的指針
            }COPYDATASTRUCT;
            該結構用來定義用戶數據。
            具體過程如下:

            首先,在發(fā)送方,用FindWindow找到接受方的句柄,然后向接受方發(fā)送WM_COPYDATA消息.
            接受方在DefWndProc事件中,來處理這條消息.由于中文編碼是兩個字節(jié),所以傳遞中文時候字節(jié)長度要搞清楚.
            體代碼如下:
            //---------------------------------------------------
            //發(fā)送方:
            using System;
            using System.Drawing;
            using System.Collections;
            using System.ComponentModel;
            using System.Windows.Forms;
            using System.Data;
            using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
            namespace WinFormSendMsg
            {
            public class Form1 : System.Windows.Forms.Form
            {
            private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox textBox1;
            private System.Windows.Forms.Button button1;
            private System.ComponentModel.Container components = null;
            const int WM_COPYDATA = 0x004A;
            public Form1()
            {
            InitializeComponent();
            }
            protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )
            {
            if( disposing )
            {
            if (components != null)
            {
            components.Dispose();
            }
            }
            base.Dispose( disposing );
            }

            private void InitializeComponent()
            {
            this.textBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
            this.button1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
            this.SuspendLayout();
            //
            // textBox1
            //
            this.textBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(184, 24);
            this.textBox1.Name = "textBox1";
            this.textBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(128, 21);
            this.textBox1.TabIndex = 0;
            this.textBox1.Text = "textBox1";
            //
            // button1
            //
            this.button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(344, 16);
            this.button1.Name = "button1";
            this.button1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(112, 32);
            this.button1.TabIndex = 1;
            this.button1.Text = "button1";
            this.button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
            //
            // Form1
            //
            this.AutoScaleBaseSize = new System.Drawing.Size(6, 14);
            this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(536, 142);
            this.Controls.AddRange(new System.Windows.Forms.Control[] {
            this.button1,
            this.textBox1});
            this.Name = "Form1";
            this.Text = "發(fā)送方窗體";
            this.ResumeLayout(false);
            }
            static void Main()
            {
            Application.Run(new Form1());
            }
            [DllImport("User32.dll",EntryPoint="SendMessage")]
            private static extern int SendMessage(
            int hWnd, // handle to destination window
            int Msg, // message
            int wParam, // first message parameter
            ref COPYDATASTRUCT lParam // second message parameter
            );

            [DllImport("User32.dll",EntryPoint="FindWindow")]
            private static extern int FindWindow(string lpClassName,string
            lpWindowName);

            private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
            {
            int WINDOW_HANDLER = FindWindow(null,@"接收方窗體");
            if(WINDOW_HANDLER == 0)
            {
            }
            else
            {
            byte[] sarr = System.Text.Encoding.Default.GetBytes(this.textBox1.Text);
            int len = sarr.Length;
            COPYDATASTRUCT cds;
            cds.dwData = (IntPtr) 100;
            cds.lpData = this.textBox1.Text;
            cds.cbData = len + 1;
            SendMessage(WINDOW_HANDLER, WM_COPYDATA, 0, ref cds);

            }
            }
            }
            public struct COPYDATASTRUCT
            {
            public IntPtr dwData;
            public int cbData;
            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] public string lpData;
            }

            }

            //---------------------------------------------------
            //接受方
            //---------------------------------------------------
            using System;
            using System.Drawing;
            using System.Collections;
            using System.ComponentModel;
            using System.Windows.Forms;
            using System.Data;
            using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
            namespace WindowsFormGetMsg
            {
            public class Form1 : System.Windows.Forms.Form
            {
            private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox textBox1;
            private System.ComponentModel.Container components = null;
            const int WM_COPYDATA = 0x004A;
            public Form1()
            {
            InitializeComponent();
            }
            protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )
            {
            if( disposing )
            {
            if (components != null)
            {
            components.Dispose();
            }
            }
            base.Dispose( disposing );
            }
            private void InitializeComponent()
            {
            this.textBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
            this.SuspendLayout();
            //
            // textBox1
            //
            this.textBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(176, 32);
            this.textBox1.Name = "textBox1";
            this.textBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(160, 21);
            this.textBox1.TabIndex = 0;
            this.textBox1.Text = "textBox1";
            //
            // Form1
            //
            this.AutoScaleBaseSize = new System.Drawing.Size(6, 14);
            this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(432, 266);
            this.Controls.AddRange(new System.Windows.Forms.Control[] {
            this.textBox1});
            this.Name = "Form1";
            this.Text = "接收方窗體";
            this.ResumeLayout(false);
            }
            static void Main()
            {
            Application.Run(new Form1());
            }
            protected override void DefWndProc(ref System.Windows.Forms.Message m)
            {
            switch(m.Msg)
            {
            case WM_COPYDATA:
            COPYDATASTRUCT mystr = new COPYDATASTRUCT();
            Type mytype = mystr.GetType();
            mystr =(COPYDATASTRUCT)m.GetLParam(mytype);
            this.textBox1.Text =mystr.lpData;
            break;
            default:
            base.DefWndProc(ref m);
            break;
            }
            }
            }
            public struct COPYDATASTRUCT
            {
            public IntPtr dwData;
            public int cbData;
            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] public string lpData;
            }
            }



            posted on 2007-07-25 00:30 旅途 閱讀(2218) 評論(0)  編輯 收藏 引用 所屬分類: 深入windows

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