原型模式

前序

這回小菜準(zhǔn)備去應(yīng)聘了,大鳥(niǎo)看了小菜的簡(jiǎn)歷后感覺(jué)他都是在瞎扯.小菜準(zhǔn)備了很多份相同的簡(jiǎn)歷.于是大鳥(niǎo)便讓小菜同學(xué)通過(guò)編寫代碼來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)相同的三份簡(jiǎn)歷.

不久后小菜實(shí)現(xiàn)了第一版的代碼.

小菜的第一版代碼

#include <stdio.h>

 

class Resume

{

public:

       Resume(char* _name) : name(_name),sex(0),age(0),timeArea(0),company(0){}

      

       void SetPersonalInfo(char* _sex,char* _age)

       {

              sex = _sex;

              age = _age;

       }

      

       void SetWorkExperience(char* _timeArea,char* _company)

       {

              timeArea = _timeArea;

              company = _company;

       }

      

       void Display()

       {

              printf("%s %s %s\n",name,sex,age);

              printf("工作經(jīng)歷:%s %s",timeArea,company);

       }

protected:

       char* name;

       char* sex;

       char* age;

       char* timeArea;

       char* company;

};

 

int main()

{

       Resume a("大鳥(niǎo)");

       a.SetPersonalInfo("男","29");

       a.SetWorkExperience("1998-2000","XX公司");

      

       Resume b("大鳥(niǎo)");

       b.SetPersonalInfo("男","29");

       b.SetWorkExperience("1998-2000","XX公司");

      

       Resume c("大鳥(niǎo)");

       c.SetPersonalInfo("男","29");

       c.SetWorkExperience("1998-2000","XX公司");

      

       a.Display();

       b.Display();

       c.Display();

      

       return 0;

}

大鳥(niǎo)看后說(shuō)到:”三份簡(jiǎn)歷需要三次初始化,這樣客戶端的代碼很麻煩,如果要二十份那就要二十次初始化.”

小菜答到:”是的.如果寫錯(cuò)了一個(gè)字那就要改二十次.”

于是大鳥(niǎo)便叫小菜用原型模式重寫了一遍代碼.

原型模式

通過(guò)給出一個(gè)原型對(duì)象來(lái)指明所要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建的對(duì)象的類型，然后用復(fù)制這個(gè)原型對(duì)象的方法創(chuàng)建出更多同類型的對(duì)象。原始模型模式允許動(dòng)態(tài)的增加或減少產(chǎn)品類，產(chǎn)品類不需要非得有任何事先確定的等級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)，原始模型模式適用于任何的等級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)。缺點(diǎn)是每一個(gè)類都必須配備一個(gè)克隆方法。

實(shí)現(xiàn)方式(UML類圖)

實(shí)現(xiàn)代碼

#include <stdio.h>

 

class ICloneable

{

public:

       virtual ICloneable* Clone()=0;

};

 

// 工作經(jīng)歷

class WorkExperience : public ICloneable

{

public:

       char*& WorkDate()

       {

              return workDate;

       }

      

       char*& Company()

       {

              return company;

       }

      

       virtual WorkExperience* Clone()

       {

              WorkExperience* Result = new WorkExperience();

              Result->WorkDate() = workDate;

              Result->Company() = company;

              return Result;

       }

protected:

       char* workDate;

       char* company;

};

 

// 簡(jiǎn)歷

class Resume : public ICloneable

{

public:

       Resume(char* _name) : name(_name),work(new WorkExperience()){}

      

       ~Resume()

       {

              delete work;

       }

      

       void SetPersonalInfo(char* _sex,char* _age)

       {

              sex = _sex;

              age = _age;

       }

      

       void SetWorkExperience(char* _workDate,char* _company)

       {

              work->WorkDate() = _workDate;

              work->Company() = _company;

       }

      

       void Display()

       {

              printf("%s %s %s\n",name,sex,age);

              printf("工作經(jīng)歷:%s %s\n",work->WorkDate(),work->Company());

       }

      

       virtual Resume* Clone()

       {

              Resume* Result = new Resume(work);

              Result->name = name;

              Result->sex = sex;

              Result->age = age;

              return Result;

       }

protected:

       Resume(WorkExperience* _work)

       {

              work = _work->Clone();

       }

      

       char* name;

       char* sex;

       char* age;

       WorkExperience* work;

};

 

int main()

{

       Resume* a = new Resume("大鳥(niǎo)");

       a->SetPersonalInfo("男","29");

       a->SetWorkExperience("1998-2000","XX公司");

      

       Resume* b = a->Clone();

       b->SetWorkExperience("1998-2006","YY企業(yè)");

      

       Resume* c = a->Clone();

       c->SetPersonalInfo("男","24");

       c->SetWorkExperience("1998-2003","ZZ企業(yè)");

      

       a->Display();

       b->Display();

       c->Display();

      

       delete a;

       delete b;

       delete c;

       return 0;

}

運(yùn)行結(jié)果

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