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XRCed是wxPython附帶的UI設(shè)計(jì)器，生成xrc資源文件，也可以輸出python代碼。本文對(duì)XRCed輸出的python代碼進(jìn)行分析。

創(chuàng)建一個(gè)xrc文件如下，有兩個(gè)窗口，每個(gè)窗口內(nèi)一個(gè)按鈕，UNTITLED.xrc：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resource>
  <object class="wxFrame" name="FRAME1">
    <title></title>
    <object class="wxPanel">
      <object class="wxButton" name="myTestButton">
        <label>BUTTON</label>
      </object>
    </object>
  </object>
  <object class="wxFrame" name="FRAME2">
    <title></title>
    <object class="wxPanel">
      <object class="wxButton">
        <label>BUTTON</label>
      </object>
    </object>
  </object>
</resource>

然后生成python代碼，UNTITLED_xrc.py：

#This file was automatically generated by pywxrc, do not edit by hand.
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

import wx
import wx.xrc as xrc

__res = None

def get_resources():
    """ Thisfunction provides access to the XML resources in this module."""
    global __res
    if __res== None:
        __init_resources()
    return __res

class xrcFRAME1(wx.Frame):
    def PreCreate(self, pre):
        """ This function is called during theclass's initialization.

        Overrideit for custom setup before the window is created usually to
        setadditional window styles using SetWindowStyle() and SetExtraStyle()."""
        pass

    def __init__(self, parent):
        # Two stage creation (see http://wiki.wxpython.org/index.cgi/TwoStageCreation)
        pre= wx.PreFrame()
        self.PreCreate(pre)
        get_resources().LoadOnFrame(pre,parent, "FRAME1")
        self.PostCreate(pre)

        # create attributes for the named items inthis container
        self.myTestButton= xrc.XRCCTRL(self, "myTestButton")

class xrcFRAME2(wx.Frame):
    def PreCreate(self, pre):
        """ This function is called during theclass's initialization.

        Overrideit for custom setup before the window is created usually to
        setadditional window styles using SetWindowStyle() and SetExtraStyle()."""
        pass

    def __init__(self, parent):
        # Two stage creation (see http://wiki.wxpython.org/index.cgi/TwoStageCreation)
        pre= wx.PreFrame()
        self.PreCreate(pre)
        get_resources().LoadOnFrame(pre,parent, "FRAME2")
        self.PostCreate(pre)

        # create attributes for the named items inthis container

# ------------------------ Resourcedata ----------------------

def __init_resources():
    global __res
    __res = xrc.EmptyXmlResource()

    __res.Load('UNTITLED.xrc')

從生成的Python代碼可以看到：

* 只生成了Frame類，而不是一個(gè)可運(yùn)行的Python程序。

為了運(yùn)行顯示上述的兩個(gè)窗口，必須手工寫如下代碼：

import wx

import UNTITLED_xrc

app = wx.PySimpleApp()
frm1 = UNTITLED_xrc.xrcFRAME1(parent=None)
frm2 = UNTITLED_xrc.xrcFRAME2(parent=None)
frm1.Show()
frm2.Show()
app.MainLoop()

* 兩個(gè)窗口資源在同一個(gè)文件中。

如果要分開多個(gè)文件，只能分多個(gè)xrc文件創(chuàng)建。

* 該自動(dòng)生成文件不應(yīng)該手工編輯，見頭部：“do not edit by hand”。

所以對(duì)窗口類的自定義行為，如消息綁定，都需要繼承該xrcFRAME。

其中有個(gè)“PreCreate()”，可以在子類中覆蓋，對(duì)窗口進(jìn)行預(yù)創(chuàng)建。

* 資源僅在使用到時(shí)才裝載。所以分多個(gè)xrc資源是有利的。

* 對(duì)于命名控件，如“myTestButton”會(huì)自動(dòng)創(chuàng)建，變量名相同。

（轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明來源于金慶的專欄）

posted on 2008-03-26 13:23 金慶閱讀(3554) 評(píng)論(9) 編輯收藏引用所屬分類: 6. Python

評(píng)論

# re: XRCed生成的代碼分析 2008-03-27 10:53 haskell

xrc可否自定義控件的縮放行為？
假如有兩個(gè)控件，垂直排列，下面的只進(jìn)行左右伸縮，不進(jìn)行上下伸縮，
上面的填滿
我偶爾用用wxWidget,那些布局我始終沒看明白
還有對(duì)應(yīng)WTL中的DoDataExchange是什么函數(shù)？回復(fù) 更多評(píng)論

# re: XRCed生成的代碼分析 2008-03-31 09:25 金慶

@haskell
當(dāng)然可以。如下，設(shè)上下放大比例為1:0，即下面的按鈕不進(jìn)行上下伸縮，并且設(shè)置wxEXPAND，即左右擴(kuò)展。
wxBoxSizer* sizer_1 = new wxBoxSizer(wxVERTICAL);
sizer_1->Add(button_1, 1, wxEXPAND, 0);
sizer_1->Add(button_2, 0, wxEXPAND, 0);
SetSizer(sizer_1);
上面的代碼是wxGlade生成的。回復(fù) 更多評(píng)論

# re: XRCed生成的代碼分析 2008-03-31 10:01 金慶

@haskell
DoDataExchange()等效的功能在wxWidgets中應(yīng)該是“wxValidator”吧。
A validator is an object that can be plugged into a control (such as a wxTextCtrl), and mediates between C++ data and the control, transferring the data in either direction and validating it.
我還沒用過，有機(jī)會(huì)可以試試。回復(fù) 更多評(píng)論

# re: XRCed生成的代碼分析 2008-04-02 12:47 haskell

不錯(cuò)，謝謝，我寫的第一個(gè)wxPython程序是畫分形，感覺List空間不是很大，想用c++實(shí)現(xiàn)算法部分，然后用boost_python綁定，交由python畫圖，可是關(guān)于指針綁定，stl容器綁定這些東西不大好學(xué)。不知道這種模式是否值得花時(shí)間去研究，就是用c++實(shí)現(xiàn)算法，python寫界面回復(fù) 更多評(píng)論

# re: XRCed生成的代碼分析 2008-04-03 09:25 金慶

@haskell
就是要費(fèi)點(diǎn)時(shí)間。學(xué)習(xí)過程是愉快的。回復(fù) 更多評(píng)論

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