By SmartPtr(http://www.shnenglu.com/SmartPtr/)
從0~13中任取出7個數,然后判斷這7個數中是否存在連續的5個數, 規則如下:
1) 7個數可以是重復的數.
2) 0可以表示任意數
例子如下:
0, 1, 4, 3, 8, 0, 13--->true: 1-2-3-4-5
0, 1, 1, 1, 9, 10, 0--->false
0, 1, 3, 9, 10, 11, 12->true: 9-10-11-12-13
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0->true: 0-1-2-3-4
這是最近看到的一個算法題, 粗粗一看,覺得很簡單, 可是慢慢往里面想,覺得要考慮的還是挺多的?,F在把它實現出來放在這里,當然,加了幾個參數使其更加通用。希望對大家有些參考價值。寫的不明白的地方,有錯誤的地方大家可以指出來;大家如果有好的思路的話也希望能寫下來共享一下。以下是代碼與注釋:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
/*
從0~13中任取出7個數,然后判斷這7個數中是否存在連續的5個數, 規則如下:
1) 7個數可以是重復的數.
2) 0可以表示任意數
例子如下:
0, 1, 4, 3, 8, 0, 13--->true: 1-2-3-4-5
0, 1, 1, 1, 9, 10, 0--->false
0, 1, 3, 9, 10, 11, 12->true: 9-10-11-12-13
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0->true: 0-1-2-3-4
*/
// Helper functions
void outputarray(int a[], int n)
{
for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) cout<<a[i]<<" ";
cout<<endl;
}
void outputresult(int nstart, int m)
{
cout<<"Continuous Array:";
while(m--) cout<<nstart++<<" ";
cout<<endl;
}
// Return if the n elements array contains m continuous numbers, the elements must large than 0
// this is a common implementation
bool Is_n_Contains_m_ContinuousNum(int a[], int n, int m)
{
// step 1: get num of 0
int nZeroNum = 0;
for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
if(0 == a[i]) ++nZeroNum;
cout<<"Original Array: "; outputarray(a, n);
// step 2: if we have enough 0, get continuous num is easy.
if(nZeroNum >= m-1)
{
int min = a[0];
for(int i = 1; i < n; ++i)
if(a[i] < min || 0 == min) min = a[i];
outputresult(min, m);
return true;
}
// not enough zero, we need to refine the judgement
else
{
// step 2.1: sort the array. (bubble sort, ascending)
bool bIsDone = false;
for(int i = n-1; i >= 0 && !bIsDone; --i)
{
bIsDone = true;
for(int j = 0; j < i; ++j)
{
if(a[j+1] < a[j])
{
bIsDone = false;
int tmp = a[j+1];
a[j+1] = a[j];
a[j] = tmp;
}
}
}
cout<<"Sorted Array: "; outputarray(a, n);
// step 2.2: remove redundant num except 0
int aa[256];
aa[0] = a[0];
int j = 1;
for(int i = 0; i < n-1; ++i)
{
if(a[i+1] != a[i] || 0 == a[i+1])
aa[j++] = a[i+1];
}
memcpy(a, aa, j * sizeof(aa[0]));
n = j;
if(n < m) return false;
cout<<"Unique Array: "; outputarray(a, n);
// step 2.3: get index of first non-zero element
int nIndex = 0;
for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
{
if(a[i] != 0)
{
nIndex = i;
break;
}
}
// step 2.4: refined judgement
// if n = 7; m = 5; nZeroNum = 2;
// if we can get continious number without zero or only with 1 zero, then with 2 zero is ok too.
// so if we got x zeros, we need to check if can success with (0 ~ x-1) zeros
for(int k = 0; k <= nZeroNum; ++k)
{
int nInterval = m - k - 1;
for(int i = nIndex; i < n-nInterval; ++i)
{
// when k = nZeroNum = 2;
// if the a[i+nInterval] - a[i] ranged in (nInterval, m-1), then it is continuous)
// means a[i+2] - a[i] ranged in (2, 4), for example:
// 1 3 5; 1 2 3; 1 2 4;
if(a[i+nInterval] - a[i] <= m-1 && a[i+nInterval] - a[i] >= nInterval)
{
outputresult(a[i], m);
return true;
}
}
}
}
return false;
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int a[] = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
if(!Is_n_Contains_m_ContinuousNum(a, sizeof(a)/sizeof(a[0]),5))
cout<<"Continuous Array:Not Found ";
return 0;
}
PS:網友建議
fflush:不需要這么復雜吧,題目說明了是從0~13中任取出7個數,那么建立一個int A[13],記錄哪些數有哪些數沒有(有的話置A[i]為1,否則是0),然后檢測A中連續的5個位置的情況就可以了
SmartPtr:fflush的思路對我很有啟發, 但我們還要考慮多個0的情況, 按著這個思路的話我覺得可以這么做:針對0~13建立一個數組A[14], A[0], A[1]...分別對應0, 1...的個數。然后依次檢測A中連續的5個位置, 如果其0的個數小于A[0],那么就存在連續的數。(當然還有一些邊緣情況要處理)。
這個算法我覺得十分有效, 通過引入一個數組大大的簡化了問題。但是有個缺點就是如果要判斷任意范圍內的5個連續數就不容易了。如:
0, 1, 122, 678, 10000, 3, 6
posted on 2007-08-26 20:49
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