1、
min：返回兩個兩個參數中的最小值
原型：template <class T> const T& min ( const T& a, const T& b );
template <class T, class Compare>
const T& min ( const T& a, const T& b, Compare comp );
示例：
// min example
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
int main () {cout << "min(1,2)==" << min(1,2) << endl;
cout << "min(2,1)==" << min(2,1) << endl;
cout << "min('a','z')==" << min('a','z') << endl;
cout << "min(3.14,2.72)==" << min(3.14,2.72) << endl;
return 0;
}
2、
max：返回兩個參數中的大值
原型：
template <class T> const T& max ( const T& a, const T& b );
template <class T, class Compare>
const T& max ( const T& a, const T& b, Compare comp );
示例：
// max example
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
int main () { cout << "max(1,2)==" << max(1,2) << endl;
cout << "max(2,1)==" << max(2,1) << endl;
cout << "max('a','z')==" << max('a','z') << endl;
cout << "max(3.14,2.73)==" << max(3.14,2.73) << endl;
return 0;
}
3、
min_element：返回(迭代器)指定范圍內的最小元素
原型：
// min_element/max_element
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
bool myfn(int i, int j) { return i<j; }
struct myclass {
bool operator() (int i,int j) { return i<j; }
} myobj;
int main () {
int myints[] = {3,7,2,5,6,4,9};
// using default comparison:
cout << "The smallest element is " << *min_element(myints,myints+7) << endl;
cout << "The largest element is " << *max_element(myints,myints+7) << endl;
// using function myfn as comp:
cout << "The smallest element is " << *min_element(myints,myints+7,myfn) << endl;
cout << "The largest element is " << *max_element(myints,myints+7,myfn) << endl;
// using object myobj as comp:
cout << "The smallest element is " << *min_element(myints,myints+7,myobj) << endl; cout << "The largest element is " << *max_element(myints,myints+7,myobj) << endl;
return 0;
}
4、
max_element：返回(迭代器)指定范圍內的最小元素
原型：
template <class ForwardIterator>
ForwardIterator max_element ( ForwardIterator first, ForwardIterator last );
template <class ForwardIterator, class Compare>
ForwardIterator max_element ( ForwardIterator first, ForwardIterator last,
Compare comp );
示例：
// min_element/max_element
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
bool myfn(int i, int j) { return i<j; }
struct myclass {
bool operator() (int i,int j) { return i<j; }
} myobj;
int main () {
int myints[] = {3,7,2,5,6,4,9};
// using default comparison:
cout << "The smallest element is " << *min_element(myints,myints+7) << endl;
cout << "The largest element is " << *max_element(myints,myints+7) << endl;
// using function myfn as comp:
cout << "The smallest element is " << *min_element(myints,myints+7,myfn) << endl;
cout << "The largest element is " << *max_element(myints,myints+7,myfn) << endl;
// using object myobj as comp:
cout << "The smallest element is " << *min_element(myints,myints+7,myobj) << endl; cout << "The largest element is " << *max_element(myints,myints+7,myobj) << endl;
return 0;
}
5、
next_permutation：返回的是(序列中所有元素組合中的)一個
原型：
template <class BidirectionalIterator>
bool next_permutation (BidirectionalIterator first,
BidirectionalIterator last );
template <class BidirectionalIterator, class Compare>
bool next_permutation (BidirectionalIterator first,
BidirectionalIterator last, Compare comp);
示例：
// next_permutation
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
int main () {
int myints[] = {1,2,3};
cout << "The 3! possible permutations with 3 elements:\n";
sort (myints,myints+3);
do {
cout << myints[0] << " " << myints[1] << " " << myints[2] << endl;
} while ( next_permutation (myints,myints+3) );
return 0;
}
6、prev_permutation：和next_permutation功能類似，返回的是序列中(所有元素)前一個組合
原型：<algorithm>
template <class BidirectionalIterator>
bool prev_permutation (BidirectionalIterator first,
BidirectionalIterator last );
template <class BidirectionalIterator, class Compare>
bool prev_permutation (BidirectionalIterator first,
BidirectionalIterator last, Compare comp);示例：
// prev_permutation
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
int main () {
int myints[] = {1,2,3};
cout << "The 3! possible permutations with 3 elements:\n";
sort (myints,myints+3);
reverse (myints,myints+3);
do {
cout << myints[0] << " " << myints[1] << " " << myints[2] << endl;
} while ( prev_permutation (myints,myints+3) );
return 0;
}
7、lexicographical_compare：字典比較(針對的是兩個序列，返回的是布爾值)
原型：
template <class InputIterator1, class InputIterator2>
bool lexicographical_compare ( InputIterator1 first1, InputIterator1 last1, InputIterator2 first2, InputIterator2 last2 );
template <class InputIterator1, class InputIterator2, class Compare>
bool lexicographical_compare ( InputIterator1 first1, InputIterator1 last1,
InputIterator2 first2, InputIterator2 last2,
Compare comp );
示例：// lexicographical_compare example
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cctype>
using namespace std;
// a case-insensitive comparison function:
bool mycomp (char c1, char c2)
{ return tolower(c1)<tolower(c2); }
int main () {
char first[]="Apple"; // 5 letters
char second[]="apartment"; // 9 letters
cout << "Using default comparison (operator<): ";
if (lexicographical_compare(first,first+5,second,second+9))
cout << first << " is less than " << second << endl;
else
if (lexicographical_compare(second,second+9,first,first+5))
cout << first << " is greater than " << second << endl;
else
cout << first << " and " << second << " are equivalent\n";
cout << "Using mycomp as comparison object: ";
if (lexicographical_compare(first,first+5,second,second+9,mycomp))
cout << first << " is less than " << second << endl;
else
if (lexicographical_compare(second,second+9,first,first+5,mycomp))
cout << first << " is greater than " << second << endl;
else
cout << first << " and " << second << " are equivalent\n";
return 0;
}