When we were children, we were always asked to do the classification homework. For example, we were given words {Tiger, Panda, Potato, Dog, Tomato, Pea, Apple, Pear, Orange, Mango} and we were required to classify these words into three groups. As you know, the correct classification was {Tiger, Panda, Dog}, {Potato, Tomato, Pea} and {Apple, Pear, Orange, Mango}. We can represent this classification with a mapping sequence {A,A,B,A,B,B,C,C,C,C}, and it means Tiger, Panda, Dog belong to group A, Potato, Tomato, Pea are in the group B, and Apple, Pear, Orange, Mango are in the group C.
But the LABEL of group doesn't make sense and the LABEL is just used to indicate different groups. So the representations {P,P,O,P,O,O,Q,Q,Q,Q} and {E,E,F,E,F,F,W,W,W,W} are equivalent to the original mapping sequence. However, the representations {A,A,A,A,B,B,C,C,C,C} and {D,D,D,D,D,D,G,G,G,G} are not equivalent.
The pupils in class submit their mapping sequences and the teacher should read and grade the homework. The teacher grades the homework by calculating the maximum similarity between pupils' mapping sequences and the answer sequence. The definition of similarity is as follow.
Similarity(S, T) = sum(Si == Ti) / L
L = Length(S) = Length(T), i = 1, 2,... L, where sum(Si == Ti) indicates the total number of equal labels in corresponding positions.
The maximum similarity means the maximum similarities between S and all equivalent sequences of T, where S is the answer and fixed.
Now given all sequences submitted by pupils and the answer sequence, you should calculate the sequences' maximum similarity.
Input
The input contains multiple test cases. The first line is the total number of cases T (T < 15). The following are T blocks. Each block indicates a case. A case begins with three numbers n (0 < n < 10000), k (0 < k < 27), m (0 < m < 30), which are the total number of objects, groups, and students in the class. The next line consists of n labels and each label is in the range [A...Z]. You can assume that the number of different labels in the sequence is exactly k. This sequence represents the answer. The following are m lines, each line contains n labels and each label also is in the range [A...Z]. These m lines represent the m pupils' answer sequences. You can assume that the number of different labels in each sequence doesn't exceed k.
Output
For each test case, output m lines, each line is a floating number (Round to 4 digits after the decimal point). You should output the m answers in the order of the sequences appearance.
Sample Input
2
10 3 3
A A B A B B C C C C
F F E F E E D D D D
X X X Y Y Y Y Z Z Z
S T R S T R S T R S
3 2 2
A B A
C D C
F F E
Sample Output
1.0000
0.7000
0.5000
1.0000
0.6667
簡明題意：
將N個物品分成K組，一個字母代表一類，然后給出2種分組方案，求最大相似度
說白了，這題就是字母的匹配，而權(quán)值則為該對匹配對應的字母個數(shù)，要求求得一種匹配方案，使得權(quán)值和最大。
解法：KM
代碼：
1
# include <stdio.h>
2# include <string.h>
3# include <stdbool.h>
4# define N 201
5# define max(a,b) ((a)>(b)?(a):(b))
6# define min(a,b) ((a)<(b)?(a):(b))
7# define abs(a) ((a)>0?(a):-(a))
8int map[35][35],ln[N],rn[N],match[N];
9const int n=26;
10bool l[N],r[N];
11int c=0;
12void init()
13
{
14
int i,j,p;
15 memset(match,-1,sizeof(match));
16 memset(rn,0,sizeof(rn));
17 for(i=0;i<n;i++)
18
{
19 ln[i]=-0xfffffff;
20 for(j=0;j<n;j++)
21 ln[i]=max(ln[i],map[i][j]);
22
}
23
}
24void adjust()
25{
26 int i,j,minnum=0xfffffff,p;
27 for(i=0;i<n;i++)
28 if(l[i])
29 {
30 for(j=0;j<n;j++)
31 if(!r[j])
32 minnum=min(minnum,ln[i]+rn[j]-map[i][j]);
33 }
34 for(i=0;i<n;i++)
35 {
36 if(l[i])
37 ln[i]-=minnum;
38 if(r[i])
39 rn[i]+=minnum;
40 }
41}
42int dfs(int pos)
43{
44 int i;
45 l[pos]=1;
46 for(i=0;i<n;i++)
47 if(!r[i]&&ln[pos]+rn[i]==map[pos][i])
48 {
49 r[i]=1;
50 if(match[i]==-1||dfs(match[i]))
51 {
52 match[i]=pos;
53 return 1;
54 }
55 }
56 return 0;
57}
58int main()
59{
60 int t;
61 scanf("%d",&t);
62 while(t--)
63 {
64 int num,k,m,i;
65 char std[10001],tmp[3];
66 scanf("%d%d%d",&num,&k,&m);
67 for(i=0;i<num;i++)
68 {
69 scanf("%s",tmp);
70 std[i]=tmp[0];
71 }
72 while(m--)
73 {
74 int total=0;
75 memset(map,0,sizeof(map));
76 for(i=0;i<num;i++)
77 {
78 scanf("%s",tmp);
79 map[std[i]-'A'][tmp[0]-'A']++;
80 }
81 init();
82 for(i=0;i<26;i++)
83 {
84 while(1)
85 {
86 memset(l,0,sizeof(l));
87 memset(r,0,sizeof(r));
88 if(dfs(i)) break;
89 else adjust();
90 }
91 }
92 for(i=0;i<26;i++)
93 total+=map[match[i]][i];
94 printf("%.4f\n",total/(double)num);
95 }
96
97 }
98 return 0;
99}
100
101