锘??xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?>99久久国产综合精品五月天喷水,精品人妻伦九区久久AAA片69,国产精品亚洲美女久久久http://www.shnenglu.com/susu/category/1056.htmlzh-cnWed, 21 May 2008 10:26:26 GMTWed, 21 May 2008 10:26:26 GMT60const浣跨敤璇﹁Вhttp://www.shnenglu.com/susu/archive/2007/04/06/21391.html瀛︿範(fàn)鎵嶈兘榪涙瀛︿範(fàn)鎵嶈兘榪涙Fri, 06 Apr 2007 05:36:00 GMThttp://www.shnenglu.com/susu/archive/2007/04/06/21391.htmlhttp://www.shnenglu.com/susu/comments/21391.htmlhttp://www.shnenglu.com/susu/archive/2007/04/06/21391.html#Feedback1http://www.shnenglu.com/susu/comments/commentRss/21391.htmlhttp://www.shnenglu.com/susu/services/trackbacks/21391.html 濡傛灉const鍏抽敭瀛椾笉娑夊強(qiáng)鍒版寚閽堝緢濂界悊瑙ｏ紝涓嬮潰鏄秹鍙?qiáng)鍒版寚閽堢殑鎯呭喌锛?xì)    
  int   b   =   500;  
  const   int*   a   =   &b;                             [1]  
  int   const   *a   =   &b;                             [2]  
  int*   const   a   =   &b;                             [3]  
  const   int*   const   a   =   &b;                  [4]  
   
  濡傛灉const浣嶄簬鏄熷彿鐨勫乏渚э紝鍒檆onst灝辨槸鐢ㄦ潵淇グ鎸囬拡鎵鎸囧悜鐨勫彉閲忥紝鍗蟲寚閽堟寚鍚戜負(fù)甯擱噺錛涘鏋渃onst浣嶄簬鏄熷彿鐨勫彸渚э紝const灝辨槸淇グ鎸囬拡鏈韓錛屽嵆鎸囬拡鏈韓鏄父閲忋傚洜姝わ紝[1]鍜孾2]鐨勬儏鍐電浉鍚岋紝閮芥槸鎸囬拡鎵鎸囧悜鐨勫唴瀹逛負(fù)甯擱噺錛坈onst鏀懼湪鍙橀噺澹版槑絎︾殑浣嶇疆鏃犲叧錛夛紝榪欑鎯呭喌涓嬩笉鍏佽瀵瑰唴瀹硅繘琛屾洿鏀規(guī)搷浣滐紝濡備笉鑳?a   =   3   錛沎3]涓烘寚閽堟湰韜槸甯擱噺錛岃屾寚閽堟墍鎸囧悜鐨勫唴瀹逛笉鏄父閲忥紝榪欑鎯呭喌涓嬩笉鑳藉鎸囬拡鏈韓榪涜鏇存敼鎿嶄綔錛屽a++鏄敊璇殑錛沎4]涓烘寚閽堟湰韜拰鎸囧悜鐨勫唴瀹瑰潎涓哄父閲忋? 
  鍙﹀const   鐨勪竴浜涘己澶х殑鍔熻兘鍦ㄤ簬瀹冨湪鍑芥暟澹版槑涓殑搴旂敤銆傚湪涓涓嚱鏁板０鏄庝腑錛宑onst   鍙互淇グ鍑芥暟鐨勮繑鍥炲鹼紝鎴栨煇涓弬鏁幫紱瀵逛簬鎴愬憳鍑芥暟錛岃繕鍙互淇グ鏄暣涓嚱鏁般? 
  鏈夊涓嬪嚑縐嶆儏鍐?  
  A&   operator=(const   A&   a);  
  void   fun0(const   A*   a   );    
  void   fun1(   )   const;         //   fun1(   )   涓虹被鎴愬憳鍑芥暟  
  const   A   fun2(   );  
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
  const鐨勫垵濮嬪寲  
   
  鍏堢湅涓涓媍onst鍙橀噺鍒濆鍖栫殑鎯呭喌  
  1)   闈炴寚閽坈onst甯擱噺鍒濆鍖栫殑鎯呭喌錛? 
  A   b;  
  const   A   a   =   b;  
   
  2)   鎸囬拡(寮曠敤)const甯擱噺鍒濆鍖栫殑鎯呭喌錛? 
  A*   d   =   new   A();  
  const   A*   c   =   d;  
  鎴栬咃細(xì)const   A*   c   =   new   A();  
  寮曠敤錛? 
  A   f;  
  const   A&   e   =   f;       //   榪欐牱浣渆鍙兘璁塊棶澹版槑涓篶onst鐨勫嚱鏁幫紝鑰屼笉鑳借闂竴鑸殑鎴愬憳鍑芥暟錛? 
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
   
  浣滀負(fù)鍙傛暟鍜岃繑鍥炲肩殑const淇グ絎? 
   
  鍏跺疄錛屼笉璁烘槸鍙傛暟榪樻槸榪斿洖鍊鹼紝鍙傛暟浼犲叆鏃跺欏拰鍑芥暟榪斿洖鐨勬椂鍊欙紝鍒濆鍖朿onst鍙橀噺  
  1   淇グ鍙傛暟鐨刢onst錛屽   void   fun0(const   A*   a   );   void   fun1(const   A&   a);  
  璋冪敤鍑芥暟鐨勬椂鍊欙紝鐢ㄧ浉搴旂殑鍙橀噺鍒濆鍖朿onst甯擱噺錛屽垯鍦ㄥ嚱鏁頒綋涓紝鎸夌収const鎵淇グ鐨勯儴鍒嗚繘琛屽父閲忓寲錛屽褰㈠弬涓篶onst   A*   a錛屽垯涓嶈兘瀵逛紶閫掕繘鏉ョ殑鎸囬拡鐨勫唴瀹硅繘琛屾敼鍙橈紝淇濇姢浜嗗師鎸囬拡鎵鎸囧悜鐨勫唴瀹癸紱濡傚艦鍙備負(fù)const   A&   a錛屽垯涓嶈兘瀵逛紶閫掕繘鏉ョ殑寮曠敤瀵硅薄榪涜鏀瑰彉錛屼繚鎶や簡鍘熷璞＄殑灞炴с? 
  [娉ㄦ剰]錛氬弬鏁癱onst閫氬父鐢ㄤ簬鍙傛暟涓烘寚閽堟垨寮曠敤鐨勬儏鍐?  
  2   淇グ榪斿洖鍊肩殑const錛屽const   A   fun2(   );   const   A*   fun3(   );  
  榪欐牱澹版槑浜嗚繑鍥炲煎悗錛宑onst鎸夌収"淇グ鍘熷垯"榪涜淇グ錛岃搗鍒扮浉搴旂殑淇濇姢浣滅敤銆? 
  const   Rational   operator*(const   Rational&   lhs,   const   Rational&   rhs)  
  {  
  return   Rational(lhs.numerator()   *   rhs.numerator(),  
  lhs.denominator()   *   rhs.denominator());  
  }  
   
  榪斿洖鍊肩敤const淇グ鍙互闃叉鍏佽榪欐牱鐨勬搷浣滃彂鐢?  
  Rational   a,b;  
  Radional   c;  
  (a*b)   =   c;  
   
  涓鑸敤const淇グ榪斿洖鍊間負(fù)瀵硅薄鏈韓錛堥潪寮曠敤鍜屾寚閽堬級鐨勬儏鍐靛鐢ㄤ簬浜岀洰鎿嶄綔絎﹂噸杞藉嚱鏁板茍浜х敓鏂板璞＄殑鏃跺欍? 
  [鎬葷粨]   涓鑸儏鍐典笅錛屽嚱鏁扮殑榪斿洖鍊間負(fù)鏌愪釜瀵硅薄鏃訛紝濡傛灉灝嗗叾澹版槑涓篶onst鏃訛紝澶氱敤浜庢搷浣滅鐨勯噸杞姐傞氬父錛屼笉寤鴻鐢╟onst淇グ鍑芥暟鐨勮繑鍥炲肩被鍨嬩負(fù)鏌愪釜瀵硅薄鎴栧鏌愪釜瀵硅薄寮曠敤鐨勬儏鍐點(diǎn)? 
  鍘熷洜濡備笅錛? 
  濡傛灉榪斿洖鍊間負(fù)鏌愪釜瀵硅薄涓篶onst錛坈onst   A   test   =   A   瀹炰緥錛夋垨鏌愪釜瀵硅薄鐨勫紩鐢ㄤ負(fù)const錛坈onst   A&   test   =   A瀹炰緥錛?  錛屽垯榪斿洖鍊煎叿鏈塩onst灞炴э紝鍒欒繑鍥炲疄渚嬪彧鑳借闂被A涓殑鍏湁錛堜繚鎶わ級鏁版嵁鎴愬憳鍜宑onst鎴愬憳鍑芥暟錛屽茍涓斾笉鍏佽瀵瑰叾榪涜璧嬪兼搷浣滐紝榪欏湪涓鑸儏鍐典笅寰堝皯鐢ㄥ埌銆?   
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
  綾繪垚鍛樺嚱鏁頒腑const鐨勪嬌鐢? 
   
  涓鑸斁鍦ㄥ嚱鏁頒綋鍚庯紝褰㈠錛歷oid   fun()   const;  
  濡傛灉涓涓垚鍛樺嚱鏁扮殑涓嶄細(xì)淇敼鏁版嵁鎴愬憳錛岄偅涔堟渶濂藉皢鍏跺０鏄庝負(fù)const錛屽洜涓篶onst鎴愬憳鍑芥暟涓笉鍏佽瀵規(guī)暟鎹垚鍛樿繘琛屼慨鏀癸紝濡傛灉淇敼錛岀紪璇戝櫒灝嗘姤閿欙紝榪欏ぇ澶ф彁楂樹簡紼嬪簭鐨勫仴澹с?   
   
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
  浣跨敤const鐨勪竴浜涘緩璁? 
   
  1   瑕佸ぇ鑳嗙殑浣跨敤const錛岃繖灝嗙粰浣犲甫鏉ユ棤灝界殑鐩婂錛屼絾鍓嶆彁鏄綘蹇呴』鎼炴竻妤氬師濮旓紱  
  2   瑕侀伩鍏嶆渶涓鑸殑璧嬪兼搷浣滈敊璇紝濡傚皢const鍙橀噺璧嬪鹼紝鍏蜂綋鍙鎬濊冮錛? 
  3   鍦ㄥ弬鏁頒腑浣跨敤const搴旇浣跨敤寮曠敤鎴栨寚閽堬紝鑰屼笉鏄竴鑸殑瀵硅薄瀹炰緥錛屽師鍥犲悓涓婏紱  
  4   const鍦ㄦ垚鍛樺嚱鏁頒腑鐨勪笁縐嶇敤娉曪紙鍙傛暟銆佽繑鍥炲箋佸嚱鏁幫級瑕佸緢濂界殑浣跨敤錛? 
  5   涓嶈杞繪槗鐨勫皢鍑芥暟鐨勮繑鍥炲肩被鍨嬪畾涓篶onst;  
  6   闄や簡閲嶈澆鎿嶄綔絎﹀涓鑸笉瑕佸皢榪斿洖鍊肩被鍨嬪畾涓哄鏌愪釜瀵硅薄鐨刢onst寮曠敤;  

const * 涓?* const

const *琛ㄧず鎸囧悜const瀵硅薄鐨勬寚閽堬紝鍙互鎸囧悜涓涓猚onst鐨勫璞★紝浣嗘槸騫朵笉鏄寚鍙兘鎸囧悜涓涓猚onst瀵硅薄錛屾寚鍚慶onst瀵硅薄鐨勬寚閽堝悓鏍峰彲浠ユ寚鍚戜竴涓潪cons綾誨瀷鐨勫璞°備絾鏄痗onst鐨勫璞″彧鑳界敱const*綾誨瀷鐨勬寚閽堟寚鍚戯紝鑰屼笉鑳界敱鏅氭寚閽堟寚鍚戙俢onst*綾誨瀷鐨勬寚閽堝湪浣跨敤榪囩▼涓彲浠ュ叾鏀瑰彉錛屽嵆鍙互鎸囧悜鍏朵粬瀵硅薄銆?/div>
const*綾誨瀷鐨勬寚閽堢殑鐪熸鍚箟鏄細(xì)濡傛灉涓涓寚閽堟槸const*綾誨瀷鐨勬寚閽堣〃紺鴻鎸囬拡鎸囧悜鐨勫璞′笉鑳介氳繃璇ユ寚閽堣繘琛屼慨鏀癸紙瀵硅薄鏈韓鍙兘閫氳繃鍒殑鏂瑰紡榪涜淇敼錛夈?nbsp;
*const expression琛ㄧず鎸囬拡(expression)鏈韓鏄痗onst錛屽嵆*const綾誨瀷鐨勬寚閽堝垵濮嬪寲鍚庝笉鑳芥敼鍙橈紝涓嶈兘鎸囧悜鍒殑瀵硅薄銆?nbsp;
char * point_char = new char('e');
const char char_char = 'f';
const char * const_star_char;                       // 鍙互涓嶇敤鍒濆鍖?/div>
char *const  star_const_char = point_char;    // 蹇呴』鍒濆鍖?/div>
const_star_char = &char_char;                     // OK
star_const_char = &char_char;                     // 閿欒錛?const 涓嶅彲鏀瑰彉
const_star_char = star_const_char;              // OK
star_const_char = const_star_char ;              // 閿欒 錛?const 涓嶅彲鏀瑰彉
const char* const foo(char const * const str) const

絎竴涓猚onst琛ㄧず榪斿洖綾誨瀷涓篶onst錛屼篃灝辨槸涓嶈兘鎶婃鍑芥暟鐨勮繑鍥炲煎綋浣滃乏鍊兼潵浣跨敤銆?br>
絎簩涓猚onst琛ㄧず鎸囬拡鐨勪笉鍙彉鎬э紝浣嗗湪榪欐槸鍙互鐪佺暐錛屽洜涓鴻繑綾誨瀷宸茬粡鏄痗onst銆?br>
絎笁涓猚osnt琛ㄧずstr鐨勫父閲忔э紝涔熷氨鍏跺唴瀹規(guī)槸涓嶈兘鏀瑰彉錛屽彲浠ュ啓鍦ㄥ叾鍓嶉潰鐨刢har鐨勫墠闈€?br>
絎洓涓猚osnt琛ㄧずstr鐨勬寚閽堢殑甯擱噺鎬э紝涔熷氨鏄鎸囬拡涓嶈兘鎸囧悜鍒殑鍦板潃銆?br>
絎簲涓猚osnt琛ㄧず姝ゅ嚱鏁扮殑甯擱噺鎬э紙鍓嶆彁鏄被鐨勬垚鍛樺嚱鏁幫級錛屼笉鑳戒慨鏀規(guī)墍鍦ㄧ被鐨勬暟鎹垚鍛樸?br>

]]>璐濊禌鑾辯瑪璇曢(閮ㄥ垎)http://www.shnenglu.com/susu/archive/2007/04/06/21390.html瀛︿範(fàn)鎵嶈兘榪涙瀛︿範(fàn)鎵嶈兘榪涙Fri, 06 Apr 2007 05:25:00 GMThttp://www.shnenglu.com/susu/archive/2007/04/06/21390.htmlhttp://www.shnenglu.com/susu/comments/21390.htmlhttp://www.shnenglu.com/susu/archive/2007/04/06/21390.html#Feedback0http://www.shnenglu.com/susu/comments/commentRss/21390.htmlhttp://www.shnenglu.com/susu/services/trackbacks/21390.html1 鍦╓in32涓嬫彁渚涚殑榪涚▼闂撮氫俊鏂瑰紡鏈変互涓嬪嚑縐嶏細(xì)

鍓創(chuàng)鏉緾lipboard錛氬湪16浣嶆椂浠ｅ父浣跨敤鐨勬柟寮忥紝CWnd綾諱腑鎻愪緵浜嗘敮鎸併?
COM/DCOM錛氶氳繃COM緋葷粺鐨勪唬鐞嗗瓨鏍規(guī)柟寮忚繘琛岃繘紼嬮棿鏁版嵁浜ゆ崲錛屼絾鍙兘澶熻〃鐜板湪瀵規(guī)帴鍙ｅ嚱鏁扮殑璋冪敤鏃朵紶閫佹暟鎹紝閫氳繃DCOM鍙互鍦ㄤ笉鍚屼富鏈洪棿浼犻佹暟鎹?
Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE)錛氬湪16浣嶆椂浠ｅ父浣跨敤鐨勬柟寮忋?
File Mapping錛氭枃浠舵槧灝勶紝鍦?2浣嶇郴緇熶腑鎻愪緵鐨勬柊鏂規(guī)硶錛屽彲鐢ㄦ潵鍏變韓鍐呭瓨銆?
Mailslots錛氶偖浠舵Ы錛屽湪32浣嶇郴緇熶腑鎻愪緵鐨勬柊鏂規(guī)硶錛屽彲鍦ㄤ笉鍚屼富鏈洪棿浜ゆ崲鏁版嵁錛屽垎涓烘湇鍔″櫒鏂瑰拰瀹㈡埛鏂癸紝鍙屾柟鍙互閫氳繃鍏惰繘琛屾暟鎹氦鎹紝鍦╓in9X涓嬪彧鏀寔閭歡妲藉鎴楓?
Pipes錛氱閬擄紝鍒嗕負(fù)鏃犲悕綆￠亾錛氬湪鐖跺瓙榪涚▼闂翠氦鎹㈡暟鎹紱鏈夊悕綆￠亾錛氬彲鍦ㄤ笉鍚屼富鏈洪棿浜ゆ崲鏁版嵁錛屽垎涓烘湇鍔″櫒鏂瑰拰瀹㈡埛鏂癸紝鍦╓in9X涓嬪彧鏀寔鏈夊悕綆￠亾瀹㈡埛銆?
RPC錛氳繙紼嬭繃紼嬭皟鐢紝寰堝皯浣跨敤錛屽師鍥犳湁涓や釜錛氬鏉傝屼笖涓嶶NIX緋葷粺鐨凴CP騫朵笉瀹屽叏鍏煎銆備絾COM/DCOM鐨勮皟鐢ㄦ槸寤虹珛鍦≧PC鐨勫熀紜涓婄殑銆?
Windows Sockets錛氱綉緇滃鎺ュ彛錛屽彲鍦ㄤ笉鍚屼富鏈洪棿浜ゆ崲鏁版嵁錛屽垎涓烘湇鍔″櫒鏂瑰拰瀹㈡埛鏂廣?br>WM_COPYDATA錛氶氳繃鍙戦乄M_COPYDATA娑堟伅騫跺皢鏁版嵁鏀懼湪鍙傛暟涓潵浼犻掓暟鎹粰鍏朵粬榪涚▼銆?/p>

2 鏈夊叧姝婚攣鐨勯棶棰?/p>

  1. 浠涔堟槸姝婚攣?
    絳旓細(xì)姝婚攣(deadlock)鏄寚榪涚▼涔嬮棿鏃犻檺鏈熷湴浜掔浉絳夊緟錛岀瓑寰呮案涓嶅彂鐢熺殑浜嬩歡.
  2. 浜х敓姝婚攣鐨勫師鍥犲強(qiáng)蹇呰鏉′歡鏄粈涔堬紵
    絳旓細(xì)浜х敓姝婚攣鐨勫師鍥狅細(xì)涓鏄郴緇熸彁渚涚殑璧勬簮鏁伴噺鏈夐檺錛屼笉鑳芥弧瓚蟲瘡涓繘紼嬬殑浣跨敤錛涗簩鏄閬撶▼搴忚繍琛屾椂錛岃繘紼嬫帹榪涢『搴忎笉鍚堢悊銆?
    浜х敓姝婚攣鐨勫繀瑕佹潯浠舵槸錛?銆佷簰鏂ユ潯浠訛紱2銆佷笉鍙墺澶烘潯浠訛紙涓嶅彲鎶㈠崰錛夛紱3銆侀儴鍒嗗垎閰嶏紱4銆佸驚鐜瓑寰呫?nbsp;
  3. 濡備綍棰勯槻姝婚攣錛?
    絳旓細(xì)鏍規(guī)嵁浜х敓姝婚攣鐨勫洓涓繀瑕佹潯浠訛紝鍙浣垮叾涓箣涓涓嶈兘鎴愮珛錛屾閿佸氨涓嶄細(xì)鍑虹幇銆備負(fù)姝わ紝鍙互閲囧彇涓嬪垪涓夌棰勯槻鎺柦錛?
    1銆侀噰鐢ㄨ祫婧愰潤鎬佸垎閰嶇瓥鐣ワ紝鐮村潖"閮ㄥ垎鍒嗛厤"鏉′歡錛?
    2銆佸厑璁歌繘紼嬪墺澶轟嬌鐢ㄥ叾浠栬繘紼嬪崰鏈夌殑璧勬簮錛屼粠鑰岀牬鍧?涓嶅彲鍓ュず"鏉′歡錛?
    3銆侀噰鐢ㄨ祫婧愭湁搴忓垎閰嶆硶錛岀牬鍧?鐜礬"鏉′歡銆?
  4. 濡備綍閬垮厤姝婚攣錛?
    絳旓細(xì)姝婚攣鐨勯伩鍏嶄笉涓ユ牸鍦伴檺鍒舵閿佺殑蹇呰鏉′歡鐨勫瓨鍦紝鑰屾槸緋葷粺鍦ㄧ郴緇熻繍琛岃繃紼嬩腑灝忓績鍦伴伩鍏嶆閿佺殑鏈緇堝彂鐢熴傛渶钁楀悕鐨勬閿侀伩鍏嶇畻娉曟槸閾惰瀹剁畻銆傛閿侀伩鍏嶇畻娉曢渶瑕佸緢澶х殑緋葷粺寮閿銆?
  5. 濡備綍媯(gè)嫻嬫閿侊紵
    絳旓細(xì)瑙ｅ喅姝婚攣鐨勫彟涓鏉￠斿緞鏄閿佹嫻嬫柟娉曪紝榪欑鏂規(guī)硶瀵硅祫婧愮殑鍒嗛厤涓嶅姞闄愬埗錛屽嵆鍏佽姝婚攣鐨勫彂鐢熴備絾緋葷粺瀹氭椂鍦拌繍琛屼竴涓?姝婚攣媯(gè)嫻?紼嬪簭錛屽垽鏂郴緇熸槸鍚﹀凡鍙戠敓姝婚攣錛岃嫢媯(gè)嫻嬪埌姝婚攣鍙戠敓鍒欒娉曞姞浠ヨВ闄ゃ?
  6. 濡備綍瑙ｉ櫎姝婚攣錛?
    絳旓細(xì)甯稿父閲囩敤涓嬮潰涓ょ鏂規(guī)硶錛?
    1銆佽祫婧愬墺澶烘硶錛?銆佹挙娑堣繘紼嬫硶

3 鎸囬拡涓庡紩鐢ㄧ殑鍖哄埆

    鎸囬拡涓庡紩鐢ㄧ湅涓婂幓瀹屽叏涓嶅悓錛堟寚閽堢敤鎿嶄綔絎?#8220;*”鍜?#8220;->”錛屽紩鐢ㄤ嬌鐢ㄦ搷浣滅“. ”錛夛紝浣嗘槸瀹冧滑浼間箮鏈夌浉鍚岀殑鍔熻兘銆傛寚閽堜笌寮曠敤閮芥槸璁╀綘闂存帴寮曠敤鍏朵粬瀵硅薄銆備綘濡備綍鍐沖畾鍦ㄤ粈涔堟椂鍊欎嬌鐢ㄦ寚閽堬紝鍦ㄤ粈涔堟椂鍊欎嬌鐢ㄥ紩鐢ㄥ憿錛?/span>

棣栧厛錛岃璁よ瘑鍒板湪浠諱綍鎯呭喌涓嬮兘涓嶈兘浣跨敤鎸囧悜絀哄肩殑寮曠敤銆備竴涓紩鐢ㄥ繀欏繪繪槸鎸囧悜鏌愪簺瀵硅薄銆傚洜姝ゅ鏋滀綘浣跨敤涓涓彉閲忓茍璁╁畠鎸囧悜涓涓璞★紝浣嗘槸璇ュ彉閲忓湪鏌愪簺鏃跺欎篃鍙兘涓嶆寚鍚戜換浣曞璞★紝榪欐椂浣犲簲璇ユ妸鍙橀噺澹版槑涓烘寚閽堬紝鍥犱負(fù)榪欐牱浣犲彲浠ヨ祴絀哄肩粰璇ュ彉閲忋傜浉鍙嶏紝濡傛灉鍙橀噺鑲畾鎸囧悜涓涓璞★紝渚嬪浣犵殑璁捐涓嶅厑璁稿彉閲忎負(fù)絀猴紝榪欐椂浣犲氨鍙互鎶婂彉閲忓０鏄庝負(fù)寮曠敤銆?/span>

 “浣嗘槸錛岃絳変竴涓?#8221;錛屼綘鎬鐤戝湴闂紝“榪欐牱鐨勪唬鐮佷細(xì)浜х敓浠涔堟牱鐨勫悗鏋滐紵”

char *pc = 0;          // 璁劇疆鎸囬拡涓虹┖鍊?

char& rc = *pc;        // 璁╁紩鐢ㄦ寚鍚戠┖鍊?/span>

榪欐槸闈炲父鏈夊鐨勶紝姣棤鐤戦棶銆傜粨鏋滃皢鏄笉紜畾鐨勶紙緙栬瘧鍣ㄨ兘浜х敓涓浜涜緭鍑猴紝瀵艱嚧浠諱綍浜嬫儏閮芥湁鍙兘鍙戠敓錛夈傚簲璇ヨ翰寮鍐欏嚭榪欐牱浠ｇ爜鐨勪漢錛岄櫎闈炰粬浠悓鎰忔敼姝ｉ敊璇傚鏋滀綘鎷呭績榪欐牱鐨勪唬鐮佷細(xì)鍑虹幇鍦ㄤ綘鐨勮蔣浠墮噷錛岄偅涔堜綘鏈濂藉畬鍏ㄩ伩鍏嶄嬌鐢ㄥ紩鐢紝瑕佷笉鐒跺氨鍘昏鏇翠紭縐鐨勭▼搴忓憳鍘誨仛銆傛垜浠互鍚庡皢蹇界暐涓涓紩鐢ㄦ寚鍚戠┖鍊肩殑鍙兘鎬с?/span>

鍥犱負(fù)寮曠敤鑲畾浼?xì)鎸囧悜涓涓璞★紝鍦?span>C錛嬶紜閲岋紝寮曠敤搴旇鍒濆鍖栥?/span>

string& rs;             // 閿欒錛屽紩鐢ㄥ繀欏昏鍒濆鍖?/span>

string s("xyzzy");

string& rs = s;         // 姝ｇ‘錛宺s鎸囧悜s

鎸囬拡娌℃湁榪欐牱鐨勯檺鍒躲?/span>

string *ps;             // 鏈垵濮嬪寲鐨勬寚閽?/span>

                        // 鍚堟硶浣嗗嵄闄?/span>

涓嶅瓨鍦ㄦ寚鍚戠┖鍊肩殑寮曠敤榪欎釜浜嬪疄鎰忓懗鐫浣跨敤寮曠敤鐨勪唬鐮佹晥鐜囨瘮浣跨敤鎸囬拡鐨勮楂樸傚洜涓哄湪浣跨敤寮曠敤涔嬪墠涓嶉渶瑕佹祴璇曞畠鐨勫悎娉曟с?/span>

void printDouble(const double& rd)

{

    cout << rd;         // 涓嶉渶瑕佹祴璇時(shí)d,瀹?/span>

}                       // 鑲畾鎸囧悜涓涓猟ouble鍊?/span>

鐩稿弽錛屾寚閽堝垯搴旇鎬繪槸琚祴璇曪紝闃叉鍏朵負(fù)絀猴細(xì)

void printDouble(const double *pd)

{

  if (pd) {             // 媯(gè)鏌ユ槸鍚︿負(fù)NULL

    cout << *pd;

 }

}

鎸囬拡涓庡紩鐢ㄧ殑鍙︿竴涓噸瑕佺殑涓嶅悓鏄寚閽堝彲浠ヨ閲嶆柊璧嬪間互鎸囧悜鍙︿竴涓笉鍚岀殑瀵硅薄銆備絾鏄紩鐢ㄥ垯鎬繪槸鎸囧悜鍦ㄥ垵濮嬪寲鏃惰鎸囧畾鐨勫璞★紝浠ュ悗涓嶈兘鏀瑰彉銆?/span>

string s1("Nancy");

string s2("Clancy");

string& rs = s1;          // rs 寮曠敤 s1

string *ps = &s1;         // ps 鎸囧悜 s1

rs = s2;                 // rs 浠嶆棫寮曠敤s1,

                       // 浣嗘槸 s1鐨勫肩幇鍦ㄦ槸

                       // "Clancy"

ps = &s2;               // ps 鐜板湪鎸囧悜 s2;

                       // s1 娌℃湁鏀瑰彉

鎬葷殑鏉ヨ錛屽湪浠ヤ笅鎯呭喌涓嬩綘搴旇浣跨敤鎸囬拡錛屼竴鏄綘鑰冭檻鍒板瓨鍦ㄤ笉鎸囧悜浠諱綍瀵硅薄鐨勫彲鑳斤紙鍦ㄨ繖縐嶆儏鍐典笅錛屼綘鑳藉璁劇疆鎸囬拡涓虹┖錛夛紝浜屾槸浣犻渶瑕佽兘澶熷湪涓嶅悓鐨勬椂鍒繪寚鍚戜笉鍚岀殑瀵硅薄錛堝湪榪欑鎯呭喌涓嬶紝浣犺兘鏀瑰彉鎸囬拡鐨勬寚鍚戯級銆傚鏋滄繪槸鎸囧悜涓涓璞″茍涓斾竴鏃︽寚鍚戜竴涓璞″悗灝變笉浼?xì)鏀瑰彉鎸囧悜锛岄偅涔堜綘搴旇鋴社敤寮曠敤銆?/span>

榪樻湁涓縐嶆儏鍐碉紝灝辨槸褰撲綘閲嶈澆鏌愪釜鎿嶄綔絎︽椂錛屼綘搴旇浣跨敤寮曠敤銆傛渶鏅氱殑渚嬪瓙鏄搷浣滅[]銆傝繖涓搷浣滅鍏稿瀷鐨勭敤娉曟槸榪斿洖涓涓洰鏍囧璞★紝鍏惰兘琚祴鍊箋?/span>

vector<int> v(10);       // 寤虹珛鏁村艦鍚戦噺錛坴ector錛夛紝澶у皬涓?0;

                         // 鍚戦噺鏄竴涓湪鏍囧噯C搴撲腑鐨勪竴涓ā鏉?瑙佹潯嬈綧35)

v[5] = 10;               // 榪欎釜琚祴鍊肩殑鐩爣瀵硅薄灝辨槸鎿嶄綔絎]榪斿洖鐨勫?/span>

    濡傛灉鎿嶄綔絎]榪斿洖涓涓寚閽堬紝閭ｄ箞鍚庝竴涓鍙ュ氨寰楄繖鏍峰啓錛?/span>

*v[5] = 10;

浣嗘槸榪欐牱浼?xì)鋴慑?span>v鐪嬩笂鍘昏薄鏄竴涓悜閲忔寚閽堛傚洜姝や綘浼?xì)閫夋嫨璁╂搷浣滅榪斿洖涓涓紩鐢ㄣ傦紙榪欐湁涓涓湁瓚ｇ殑渚嬪錛屽弬瑙佹潯嬈綧30錛?/span>

褰撲綘鐭ラ亾浣犲繀欏繪寚鍚戜竴涓璞″茍涓斾笉鎯蟲敼鍙樺叾鎸囧悜鏃訛紝鎴栬呭湪閲嶈澆鎿嶄綔絎﹀茍涓洪槻姝笉蹇呰鐨勮涔夎瑙ｆ椂錛屼綘涓嶅簲璇ヤ嬌鐢ㄦ寚閽堛傝屽湪闄ゆ涔嬪鐨勫叾浠栨儏鍐典笅錛屽垯搴斾嬌鐢ㄦ寚閽堛?br>
鎬諱箣,寮曠敤涓嶅彲浠ユ寚鍚戠┖鍊?鎸囬拡鍙互鎸囧悜絀哄?寮曠敤鎬繪槸鎸囧悜鍦ㄥ垵濮嬪寲鏃惰鎸囧畾鐨勫璞★紝鑰屾寚閽堝彲浠ヨ閲嶆柊璧嬪間互鎸囧悜鍙︿竴涓笉鍚岀殑瀵硅薄.
                                                                                                                                鎽樿嚜  鏋楅攼銆婇珮璐ㄩ噺C++緙栫▼銆?br>



]]>浼兼按嫻佸勾http://www.shnenglu.com/susu/archive/2007/03/26/20605.html瀛︿範(fàn)鎵嶈兘榪涙瀛︿範(fàn)鎵嶈兘榪涙Mon, 26 Mar 2007 05:58:00 GMThttp://www.shnenglu.com/susu/archive/2007/03/26/20605.htmlhttp://www.shnenglu.com/susu/comments/20605.htmlhttp://www.shnenglu.com/susu/archive/2007/03/26/20605.html#Feedback0http://www.shnenglu.com/susu/comments/commentRss/20605.htmlhttp://www.shnenglu.com/susu/services/trackbacks/20605.html

]]>娓告垙鍐呭瓨淇敼http://www.shnenglu.com/susu/archive/2006/03/16/4224.html瀛︿範(fàn)鎵嶈兘榪涙瀛︿範(fàn)鎵嶈兘榪涙Thu, 16 Mar 2006 02:07:00 GMThttp://www.shnenglu.com/susu/archive/2006/03/16/4224.htmlhttp://www.shnenglu.com/susu/comments/4224.htmlhttp://www.shnenglu.com/susu/archive/2006/03/16/4224.html#Feedback3http://www.shnenglu.com/susu/comments/commentRss/4224.htmlhttp://www.shnenglu.com/susu/services/trackbacks/4224.html        鏄ㄥぉ鐪嬩簡涓澶╃殑銆妛indows紼嬪簭璁捐銆?鏈潵絎笁绔犳槸鐪嬭繃浜嗭紝鍙槸鎬繪劅瑙夊閭ｄ釜綰跨▼鍜岃繘紼嬬殑涓滆タ鐞嗚В涓嶅娣卞埢錛屼簬鏄垜鍙堝洖澶寸湅浜嗕竴閬嶏紝浠婂ぉ綆楁槸鐞嗚В姣旇緝娣卞埢涓鐐逛簡鍚э紝鑷垜鎰熻錛?BR>        鍘熺悊灝辨槸鎼滅儲鍒版父鎴忚繘紼嬫墍鍦ㄧ殑鍐呭瓨鍦板潃錛岀劧鍚庣洿鎺ヤ慨鏀瑰唴瀛樺湴鍧鐨勬暟鎹紝鍓嶄竴嬈＄湅錛屽鍐呭瓨鍦板潃鎼滅儲涓鍧楋紝鍙槸鐩存帴鎷瘋礉浠ｇ爜錛屾病鏈夌悊瑙ｏ紝浠婂ぉ鐭ラ亾浜嗭紝鏌ユ壘榪囩▼涓渶瑕佽緭鍑虹殑涓棿鏁版嵁涔熷鍔犱簡鐐癸紝涔熺悊瑙ｄ簡鏍煎紡鈥?081X鈥濇牸寮忔寚鐨勬槸杈撳嚭8浣嶇殑16榪涘埗鏁幫紝涓嶈凍鍓嶉潰琛?錛屾垜鏄瀵熻緭鍑虹粨鏋滃姝ょ悊瑙ｏ紝涓嶇煡閬撴湁娌℃湁鍋忓樊錛?BR>   鍙﹀錛屾敞鎰忓埌鍦ㄤ竴涓▼搴忎腑鎵撳紑鍙﹀榪涚▼鏃訛紝璺緞涓瀹氫笉鑳藉啓閿欙紝鑰屼笖涓棿鏄弻鏂滅嚎錛岃屼笉鏄崟鐨勶紝濡傦細(xì)char szFileName[] = "E:\\VC++渚嬪瓙\\vclesson\\2\\Testor\\Debug\\Testor.exe"; 濡傛灉鏀規(guī)垚鍗曠殑灝辨墦涓嶅紑錛屼箣鍓嶉敊璇竴鐩存病鏌ュ嚭鏉ワ紝铏界劧鍙槸涓鐐圭偣榪涙錛屽績閲岃繕鏄緢楂樺叴鐨勶紝鎴戝皢緇х畫鍔姏錛?BR>        榪愯鏁堟灉 
浠婂ぉ瀛︿範(fàn)澶氱嚎紼嬪悓姝ュ拰浼樺厛綰х殑璁懼畾闂錛?BR>



]]> 一本久久精品一区二区| 国产成人久久精品一区二区三区 | 丁香狠狠色婷婷久久综合| 久久国产一区二区| 久久精品免费网站网| 无码日韩人妻精品久久蜜桃| 青青青青久久精品国产h| 久久久这里有精品中文字幕| 久久亚洲精品中文字幕| 久久综合久久鬼色| 久久777国产线看观看精品| 久久久午夜精品| 久久久久一区二区三区| 日本WV一本一道久久香蕉| 国产精品久久久久久久久鸭 | 99re久久精品国产首页2020| 亚洲精品国产自在久久| 久久99国产精品久久99果冻传媒| 无码精品久久一区二区三区| 久久久久久夜精品精品免费啦| 久久久久亚洲AV综合波多野结衣| 久久国产精品77777| 亚洲精品白浆高清久久久久久 | 亚洲AV伊人久久青青草原| 久久精品视频网| 久久婷婷五月综合色奶水99啪| 色婷婷噜噜久久国产精品12p| 欧美激情精品久久久久| 精品久久久久久久无码 | 久久久不卡国产精品一区二区| 久久精品天天中文字幕人妻| 国产精品美女久久福利网站| 久久久久亚洲AV成人网| 国产午夜精品理论片久久| 国产精品久久久久jk制服| 午夜久久久久久禁播电影| 久久午夜无码鲁丝片秋霞 | 亚洲国产成人久久一区WWW| 久久99精品国产麻豆不卡| 国产成人精品久久综合| 99久久精品免费看国产免费|