[轉(zhuǎn)載]VC中的一些常用方法（20條）
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http://blog.csdn.net/oury/
VC中的一些常用方法
//一、打開CD-ROM
mciSendString("Set cdAudio door open wait",NULL,0,NULL);
//二、關(guān)閉CD_ROM
mciSendString("Set cdAudio door closed wait",NULL,0,NULL);
//三、關(guān)閉計(jì)算機(jī)
OSVERSIONINFO?OsVersionInfo;?//包含操作系統(tǒng)版本信息的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)
OsVersionInfo.dwOSVersionInfoSize?=?sizeof(OSVERSIONINFO);
GetVersionEx(&OsVersionInfo);?//獲取操作系統(tǒng)版本信息
if(OsVersionInfo.dwPlatformId?==?VER_PLATFORM_WIN32_WINDOWS)
{
??//Windows98,調(diào)用ExitWindowsEx()函數(shù)重新啟動(dòng)計(jì)算機(jī)
??DWORD?dwReserved;
??ExitWindowsEx(EWX_REBOOT,dwReserved);?//可以改變第一個(gè)參數(shù)，實(shí)現(xiàn)注銷用戶、
??//關(guān)機(jī)、關(guān)閉電源等操作
??//?退出前的一些處理程序
}
//四、重啟計(jì)算機(jī)
typedef?int?(CALLBACK?*SHUTDOWNDLG)(int);?//顯示關(guān)機(jī)對(duì)話框函數(shù)的指針
HINSTANCE?hInst?=?LoadLibrary("shell32.dll");?//裝入shell32.dll
SHUTDOWNDLG?ShutDownDialog;?//指向shell32.dll庫(kù)中顯示關(guān)機(jī)對(duì)話框函數(shù)的指針
if(hInst?!=?NULL)
{
??//獲得函數(shù)的地址并調(diào)用之
??ShutDownDialog?=?(SHUTDOWNDLG)GetProcAddress(hInst,(LPSTR)60);
??
??(*ShutDownDialog)(0);
}
//五、枚舉所有字體
LOGFONT?lf;
lf.lfCharSet?=?DEFAULT_CHARSET;?//?Initialize?the?LOGFONT?structure
strcpy(lf.lfFaceName,"");
CClientDC?dc?(this);
//?Enumerate?the?font?families
::EnumFontFamiliesEx((HDC)?dc,&lf,?(FONTENUMPROC)?EnumFontFamProc,(LPARAM)?this,0);
//枚舉函數(shù)
int?CALLBACK?EnumFontFamProc(LPENUMLOGFONT?lpelf,
??????????????????LPNEWTEXTMETRIC?lpntm,DWORD?nFontType,long?lparam)
??????????????????
{
??//?Create?a?pointer?to?the?dialog?window
??CDay7Dlg*?pWnd?=?(CDay7Dlg*)?lparam;
??//?add?the?font?name?to?the?list?box
??pWnd?->m_ctlFontList.AddString(lpelf?->elfLogFont.lfFaceName);
??//?Return?1?to?continue?font?enumeration
??return?1;
}
//其中m_ctlFontList是一個(gè)列表控件變量
//六、一次只運(yùn)行一個(gè)程序?qū)嵗?，如果已運(yùn)行則退出
if( FindWindow(NULL,"程序標(biāo)題")) exit(0);
//七、得到當(dāng)前鼠標(biāo)所在位置
CPoint pt;
GetCursorPos(&pt); //得到位置
//八、上下文菜單事件觸發(fā)事件：OnContextMenu事件
//九、顯示和隱藏程序菜單
CWnd?*pWnd=AfxGetMainWnd();
if(b_m)?//隱藏菜單
{
??pWnd->SetMenu(NULL);
??pWnd->DrawMenuBar();
??b_m=false;
}
else
{
??CMenu?menu;
??menu.LoadMenu(IDR_MAINFRAME);?/**/////顯示菜單?也可改變菜單項(xiàng)
??pWnd->SetMenu(&menu);
??pWnd->DrawMenuBar();
??b_m=true;
??menu.Detach();
}
//十、獲取可執(zhí)行文件的圖標(biāo)
HICON hIcon=::ExtractIcon(AfxGetInstanceHandle(),_T("NotePad.exe"),0);
if (hIcon &&hIcon!=(HICON)-1)
{
? pDC->DrawIcon(10,10,hIcon);
?
}
DestroyIcon(hIcon);
//十一、窗口自動(dòng)靠邊程序演示
BOOL?AdjustPos(CRect*?lpRect)
{//自動(dòng)靠邊
??int?iSX=GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXFULLSCREEN);
??int?iSY=GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYFULLSCREEN);
??RECT?rWorkArea;
??BOOL?bResult?=?SystemParametersInfo(SPI_GETWORKAREA,?sizeof(RECT),?&rWorkAre
????a,?0);
??CRect?rcWA;
??if(!bResult)
??{//如果調(diào)用不成功就利用GetSystemMetrics獲取屏幕面積
????rcWA=CRect(0,0,iSX,iSY);
??}
??else
????rcWA=rWorkArea;
??int?iX=lpRect->left;
??int?iY=lpRect->top;
??
??if(iX?<?rcWA.left?+?DETASTEP?&&?iX!=rcWA.left)
??{//調(diào)整左
????//pWnd->SetWindowPos(NULL,rcWA.left,iY,0,0,SWP_NOSIZE);
????lpRect->OffsetRect(rcWA.left-iX,0);
????AdjustPos(lpRect);
????return?TRUE;
??}
??if(iY?<?rcWA.top?+?DETASTEP?&&?iY!=rcWA.top)
??{//調(diào)整上
????//pWnd->SetWindowPos(NULL?,iX,rcWA.top,0,0,SWP_NOSIZE);
????lpRect->OffsetRect(0,rcWA.top-iY);
????AdjustPos(lpRect);
????return?TRUE;
??}
??if(iX?+?lpRect->Width()?>?rcWA.right?-?DETASTEP?&&?iX?!=rcWA.right-lpRect->Width())
??{//調(diào)整右
????//pWnd->SetWindowPos(NULL?,rcWA.right-rcW.Width(),iY,0,0,SWP_NOSIZE);
????lpRect->OffsetRect(rcWA.right-lpRect->right,0);
????AdjustPos(lpRect);
????return?TRUE;
??}
??if(iY?+?lpRect->Height()?>?rcWA.bottom?-?DETASTEP?&&?iY?!=rcWA.bottom-lpRect
????->Height())
??{//調(diào)整下
????//pWnd->SetWindowPos(NULL?,iX,rcWA.bottom-rcW.Height(),0,0,SWP_NOSIZE);
????lpRect->OffsetRect(0,rcWA.bottom-lpRect->bottom);
????return?TRUE;
??}
??return?FALSE;
}
//然后在ONMOVEING事件中使用所下過(guò)程調(diào)用
CRect r=*pRect;
AdjustPos(&r);
*pRect=(RECT)r;
//十二、給系統(tǒng)菜單添加一個(gè)菜單項(xiàng)給系統(tǒng)菜單添加一個(gè)菜單項(xiàng)需要進(jìn)行下述三個(gè)步驟：
//首先，使用Resource Symbols對(duì)話（在View菜單中選擇Resource Symbols．．．可以顯
//示該對(duì)話）定義菜單項(xiàng)ID，該ID應(yīng)大于0x0F而小于0xF000；
//其次，調(diào)用CWnd::GetSystemMenu獲取系統(tǒng)菜單的指針并調(diào)用CWnd:: Appendmenu將菜單
//項(xiàng)添加到菜單中。下例給系統(tǒng)菜單添加兩個(gè)新的
int?CMainFrame::?OnCreate?(LPCREATESTRUCT?lpCreateStruct)
{
??//…
??//Make?sure?system?menu?item?is?in?the?right?range.
??ASSERT(IDM_MYSYSITEM<0xF000);
??//Get?pointer?to?system?menu.
??CMenu*?pSysMenu=GetSystemMenu(FALSE);
??ASSERT_VALID(pSysMenu);
??//Add?a?separator?and?our?menu?item?to?system?menu.
??CString?StrMenuItem(_T?("New?menu?item"));
??pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_SEPARATOR);
??pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_STRING,?IDM_MYSYSITEM,?StrMenuItem);
??//…
}
//十三、運(yùn)行其它程序
//1、運(yùn)行EMAIL或網(wǎng)址
char szMailAddress[80];
strcpy(szMailAddress,"mailto:netvc@21cn.com");
ShellExecute(NULL, "open", szMailAddress, NULL, NULL, SW_SHOWNORMAL);
//2、運(yùn)行可執(zhí)行程序
WinExec("notepad.exe",SW_SHOW); //運(yùn)行計(jì)事本
//十四、動(dòng)態(tài)增加或刪除菜單
//1、 增加菜單
//添加
CMenu *mainmenu;
mainmenu=AfxGetMainWnd()->GetMenu(); //得到主菜單
(mainmenu->GetSubMenu (0))->AppendMenu (MF_SEPARATOR);//添加分隔符
(mainmenu->GetSubMenu (0))->AppendMenu(MF_STRING,ID_APP_ABOUT,
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? _T("Always on &Top")); //添加新的菜單項(xiàng)
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? DrawMenuBar(); //重畫菜單
//2、 刪除菜單
//刪除
CMenu *mainmenu;
mainmenu=AfxGetMainWnd()->GetMenu(); //得到主菜單
CString str ;
for(int i=(mainmenu->GetSubMenu (0))->GetMenuItemCount()-1;i>=0;i--) //取得菜單的項(xiàng)數(shù)。
{
? (mainmenu->GetSubMenu (0))->GetMenuString(i,str,MF_BYPOSITION);
? //將指定菜單項(xiàng)的標(biāo)簽拷貝到指定的緩沖區(qū)。MF_BYPOSITION的解釋見(jiàn)上。
? if(str=="Always on &Top") //如果是剛才我們?cè)黾拥牟藛雾?xiàng)，則刪除。
? {
? ? (mainmenu->GetSubMenu (0))->DeleteMenu(i,MF_BYPOSITION);
? ? break;
? }
}
//十五、改變應(yīng)用程序的圖標(biāo)靜態(tài)更改：
//修改圖標(biāo)資源IDR_MAINFRAME。它有兩個(gè)圖標(biāo)，一個(gè)是16*16的，另一個(gè)是32*32的，注意要一起修改。
//動(dòng)態(tài)更改： 向主窗口發(fā)送WM_SETICON消息.代碼如下：
HICON hIcon=AfxGetApp()->LoadIcon(IDI_ICON);
ASSERT(hIcon);
AfxGetMainWnd()->SendMessage(WM_SETICON,TRUE,(LPARAM)hIcon);
//十六、另一種改變窗口標(biāo)題的方法
//使用語(yǔ)句 CWnd* m_pCWnd = AfxGetMainWnd( )，然后，再以如下形式調(diào)用SetWindowText()函數(shù)：
SetWindowText( *m_pCWnd,(LPCTSTR)m_WindowText);// m_WindowText可以是一個(gè)CString類的變量。
//十七、剪切板上通過(guò)增強(qiáng)元文件拷貝圖像數(shù)據(jù)下面代碼拷貝通過(guò)元文件拷貝圖像數(shù)據(jù)到任何應(yīng)用程序，
//其可以放置在CView派生類的函數(shù)中。
CMetaFileDC * m_pMetaDC = new CMetaFileDC();
m_pMetaDC->CreateEnhanced(GetDC(),NULL,NULL,"whatever");
//draw meta file
//do what ever you want to do: bitmaps, lines, text...
//close meta file dc and prepare for clipboard;
HENHMETAFILE hMF = m_pMetaDC->CloseEnhanced();
//copy to clipboard
OpenClipboard();
EmptyClipboard();
::SetClipboardData(CF_ENHMETAFILE,hMF); ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
CloseClipboard();
//DeleteMetaFile(hMF);
delete m_pMetaDC;
//十八、剪切板上文本數(shù)據(jù)的傳送把文本放置到剪接板上：
CString source;
//put your text in source
if(OpenClipboard())
{
? HGLOBAL clipbuffer;
? char * buffer;
? EmptyClipboard();
? clipbuffer = GlobalAlloc(GMEM_DDESHARE, source.GetLength()+1);
? buffer = (char*)GlobalLock(clipbuffer);
? strcpy(buffer, LPCSTR(source));
? GlobalUnlock(clipbuffer);
? SetClipboardData(CF_TEXT,clipbuffer);
? CloseClipboard();
}
//從剪接板上獲取文本：
char * buffer;
if(OpenClipboard())
{
? buffer = (char*)GetClipboardData(CF_TEXT);
? //do something with buffer here
? //before it goes out of scope
}
CloseClipboard();
//十九、將捕捉屏幕圖像到剪切版中
void?CShowBmpInDlgDlg::OnCutScreen()
{
??ShowWindow(SW_HIDE);
??RECT?r_bmp={0,0,::GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN),
????::GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSCREEN)};?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
??HBITMAP?hBitmap;
??hBitmap=CopyScreenToBitmap(&r_bmp);
??
??//hWnd為程序窗口句柄
??if?(OpenClipboard())
??{
????EmptyClipboard();
????SetClipboardData(CF_BITMAP,?hBitmap);
????CloseClipboard();
??}
??ShowWindow(SW_SHOW);
}
HBITMAP?CShowBmpInDlgDlg::CopyScreenToBitmap(LPRECT?lpRect)
{
??//lpRect?代表選定區(qū)域
??{
????HDC?hScrDC,?hMemDC;
????//?屏幕和內(nèi)存設(shè)備描述表
????HBITMAP?hBitmap,?hOldBitmap;
????//?位圖句柄
????int?nX,?nY,?nX2,?nY2;
????//?選定區(qū)域坐標(biāo)
????int?nWidth,?nHeight;
????//?位圖寬度和高度
????int?xScrn,?yScrn;
????//?屏幕分辨率
????
????//?確保選定區(qū)域不為空矩形
????if?(IsRectEmpty(lpRect))
????????return?NULL;
????//為屏幕創(chuàng)建設(shè)備描述表
????hScrDC?=?CreateDC("DISPLAY",?NULL,?NULL,?NULL);
????//為屏幕設(shè)備描述表創(chuàng)建兼容的內(nèi)存設(shè)備描述表
????hMemDC?=?CreateCompatibleDC(hScrDC);
????//?獲得選定區(qū)域坐標(biāo)
????nX?=?lpRect->left;
????nY?=?lpRect->top;
????nX2?=?lpRect->right;
????nY2?=?lpRect->bottom;
????//?獲得屏幕分辨率
????xScrn?=?GetDeviceCaps(hScrDC,?HORZRES);
????yScrn?=?GetDeviceCaps(hScrDC,?VERTRES);
????//確保選定區(qū)域是可見(jiàn)的
????if?(nX<0)
????????
????????nX?=?0;
????if?(nY<0)
????????nY?=?0;
????if?(nX2>xScrn)
????????nX2?=?xScrn;
????if?(nY2>yScrn)
????????nY2?=?yScrn;
????nWidth?=?nX2?-?nX;
????nHeight?=?nY2?-?nY;
????//?創(chuàng)建一個(gè)與屏幕設(shè)備描述表兼容的位圖
????hBitmap?=?CreateCompatibleBitmap
????????(hScrDC,?nWidth,?nHeight);
????//?把新位圖選到內(nèi)存設(shè)備描述表中
????hOldBitmap?=(HBITMAP)SelectObject(hMemDC,?hBitmap);
????//?把屏幕設(shè)備描述表拷貝到內(nèi)存設(shè)備描述表中
????BitBlt(hMemDC,?0,?0,?nWidth,?nHeight,?hScrDC,?nX,?nY,?SRCCOPY);
????//得到屏幕位圖的句柄
????hBitmap?=?(HBITMAP)SelectObject(hMemDC,?hOldBitmap);
????
????//清除
????DeleteDC(hScrDC);
????DeleteDC(hMemDC);
????//?返回位圖句柄
????return?hBitmap;
??}
}
//二十、如何將位圖縮放顯示在Static控件中
//在Staic控件內(nèi)顯示位圖
void?CShowBmpInDlgDlg::ShowBmpInStaic()
{
??CBitmap?hbmp;
??HBITMAP?hbitmap;
??//將pStatic指向要顯示的地方
??CStatic?*pStaic;
??pStaic=(CStatic*)GetDlgItem(IDC_IMAGE);
??//裝載資源?MM.bmp是我的一個(gè)文件名，用你的替換
??hbitmap=(HBITMAP)::LoadImage?(::AfxGetInstanceHandle(),"MM.bmp",
????IMAGE_BITMAP,0,0,LR_LOADFROMFILE|LR_CREATEDIBSECTION);
??
??hbmp.Attach(hbitmap);
??//獲取圖片格式
??BITMAP?bm;
??hbmp.GetBitmap(&bm);
??CDC?dcMem;
??dcMem.CreateCompatibleDC(GetDC());
??CBitmap?*poldBitmap=(CBitmap*)dcMem.SelectObject(hbmp);
??CRect?lRect;
??pStaic->GetClientRect(&lRect);
??//顯示位圖
??pStaic->GetDC()->StretchBlt(lRect.left?,lRect.top?,lRect.Width(),lRect.Height(),
????&dcMem,0?,0,bm.bmWidth,bm.bmHeight,SRCCOPY);
??dcMem.SelectObject(&poldBitmap);
}