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我们在用CuteFtp或者NetAnt{工L时候,一般都会被其复杂的界面所吸引Q在q些界面中窗口被分割q的区域Q真正做CH口的Q意分剌Ӏ?那么我们自己如何创徏cM的界面,也实现窗口的L的分割呢 Q在VC6.0中这需要用到CSplitterWndcRCSplitterWnd看上d是一U特D的框架H口Q每个窗口都被相同的或者不同的视图所填充。当H口被切分后用户可以使用鼠标Ud切分条来调整H口的相对尺寸。虽然VC6.0支持从AppWizard中创建分割窗口,但是自动加入的分割条L不能让我们满意,因此我们q是通过手工增加代码来熟悉这个类?
CSplitterWnd的构造函C要包括下面三个?
BOOL Create(CWnd* pParentWnd,int nMaxRows,int nMaxCols,SIZE sizeMin,CCreateContext* pContext,DWORD dwStyle,UINT nID);功能描述Q该函数用来创徏动态切分窗口?参数含义QpParentWnd 切分H口的父框架H口?nMaxRows,nMaxCols是创建的最大的列数和行数?sizeMin是窗格的现实大小?pContext 大多数情况下传给父窗口?nID是字H口的ID?
BOOL CreateStatic(CWnd* pParentWnd,int nRows,int nCols,DWORD dwStyle,UINT nID)功能描述Q用来创建切分窗口?参数含义同上?
BOOL CreateView (int row,int col,CruntimeClass* pViewClass,SIZE sizeinit,CcreateContext* pContext);功能描述Qؓ静态切分的H口的网格填充视图。在视图于切分H口联系在一L时候必 d切分窗口创建好?
DWORD dwCreateStyle = dwStyle & ~(WS_HSCROLL|WS_VSCROLL); if (afxData.bWin4) dwCreateStyle &= ~WS_BORDER; //create with the same wnd-class as MDI-Frame (no erase bkgnd) if (!CreateEx(0, _afxWndMDIFrame, NULL, dwCreateStyle, 0, 0, 0, 0,pParentWnd->m_hWnd, (HMENU)nID, NULL)) return FALSE; // create invisible
m_wndSplitter.Create(this,2,2,CSize(100,100),pContext);
CCuteFTPView | |
CView2 | CView3 |
CView4 |
创徏步骤Q?
?在创Z前我们必d用AppWizard生成单文CuteFTPQ生成的视类?CCuteFTPView.同时在增加三个视cL者从视类l承而来的派生类CView2,CView3 CView4.
?增加成员Q?/b>
在Cmainfrm.h中我们将增加下面的代码:
CSplitterWnd wndSplitter1; CSplitterWnd wndSplitter2;?重蝲CMainFrame::OnCreateClient()函数Q?/b>
BOOL CMainFrame::OnCreateClient( LPCREATESTRUCT /*lpcs*/, CCreateContext* pContext) { //创徏一个静态分栏窗口,分ؓ三行一? if(m_wndSplitter1.CreateStatic(this,3,1)==NULL) return FALSE; //CCuteFTPViewq接??列窗g m_wndSplitter1.CreateView(0,0,RUNTIME_CLASS(CCuteFTPView),CSize(100,100), pContext); m_wndSplitter1.CreateView(2,0,RUNTIME_CLASS(CView4),CSize(100,100),pContext); //CView4q接??? if(m_wndSplitter2.CreateStatic(&m_wndSplitter,1,2,WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE, m_wndSplitter.IdFromRowCol(1, 0))==NULL) return FALSE; //第1?列再分开1?? //CView2c连接到W二个分栏对象的0?? m_wndSplitter2.CreateView(0,0,RUNTIME_CLASS(CView2),CSize(400,300),pContext); //CView3c连接到W二个分栏对象的0?? m_wndSplitter2.CreateView(0,1,RUNTIME_CLASS(CView3),CSize(400,300),pContext); return TRUE; }2.3实现各个分割区域的通信
AddDocTemplate (new CMultiDocTemplate(IDR_VIEW2TYPE, RUNTIME_CLASS(CMainDoc), RUNTIME_CLASS(CMDIChildWnd), RUNTIME_CLASS(CView2)));我们现在来实现CCuteFTPView与CView2之间的通信。由于跟文档cȝq的视图c?是不能安全的与除文档cM外的其余的视囄通信的。因此我们只能让他们都与文 c通信。在文中我们设|相应的指针以用来获的各个视图。我们重?CCuteFTPView::OnOpenDocument()函数Q?
CCuteFTPView* pCuteFTPView;q样我们在文类中就L了跟它相q的所有的视图的指针?br />如果需要在 CCuteFTPView中调用CView2中的一个方法DoIt()则代码如下:
CView2* pView2; POSITION pos; CView* pView; while(pos!=NULL) { pView=GetNextView(pos); if(pView->IsKindOf(RUNTIME_CLASS(CCuteFTPView))==NULL) pCuteFTPView=(CCuteFTPView*)pView; else(pView->IsKindOf(RUNTIME_CLASS(CCuteFTPView))==NULL) pView2=(CView2*)pView; }
CCuteFTPDoc* pDoc=GetDocument();
CView2* pView2=pDoc->pView3;
pView3.DoIt();
CMainFrame* MainFrame=(CMainFrame*)this->GetParent()->GetParent(); CCuteFTPDoc* Doc=(CCuteFTPDoc*)MainFrame->GetActiveDocument(); if(Doc!=NULL) Doc->DoIt(); CCuteFTPDoc中的相应的处理函数DoIt()代码如下Q? CView2* pView2; POSITION pos; CView* pView; while(pos!=NULL) { pView=GetNextView(pos); if(pView->IsKindOf(RUNTIME_CLASS(CView2))==NULL) pView2=(CView2*)pView; } pView2->DoIt();?b>无文档关联视图之间的通信
CMainFrame* MainFrame=(CMainFrame*)this->GetParent()->GetParent(); CView4* View4=(CView4*)MainFrame->m_wndSplitter1.GetPane(2,0); View4->DoIt();
virtual void StartTracking(int ht); virtual CWnd* GetActivePane(int* pRow = NULL, int* pCol = NULL); virtual void SetActivePane( int row, int col, CWnd* pWnd = NULL ); virtual BOOL OnCommand(WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam); virtual BOOL OnNotify( WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam, LRESULT* pResult ); virtual BOOL OnWndMsg( UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam, LRESULT* pResult );具体实现如下Q实C我将l出原有代码的主要部分以及修改后的代码以作对比?br />在cpp文g中加入下面的枚Dcd?
enum HitTestValue { noHit = 0,//表示没有选中M对象 vSplitterBox = 1, hSplitterBox = 2, bothSplitterBox = 3, vSplitterBar1 = 101,//代表各个方向的水q_割条 vSplitterBar15 = 115, hSplitterBar1 = 201,//代表垂直方向的各个分割条 hSplitterBar15 = 215, splitterIntersection1 = 301,//代表各个交叉? splitterIntersection225 = 525 };q样我们可以在对话框中使用CxSplitterWndcM?
CWnd* CxSplitterWnd::GetActivePane(int* pRow, int* pCol) { ASSERT_VALID(this); //获得当前的获得焦点的H口 //下面注释_体的是原有的代码的主要部分? // CWnd* pView = NULL; //CFrameWnd* pFrameWnd = GetParentFrame(); //ASSERT_VALID(pFrameWnd); //pView = pFrameWnd->GetActiveView(); //if (pView == NULL) // pView = GetFocus(); CWnd* pView = GetFocus(); if (pView != NULL && !IsChildPane(pView, pRow, pCol)) pView = NULL; return pView; } void CxSplitterWnd::SetActivePane( int row, int col, CWnd* pWnd) { CWnd* pPane = pWnd == NULL ? GetPane(row, col) : pWnd; //下面加注释粗体的是原有代码的主要部分? //FrameWnd* pFrameWnd = GetParentFrame(); //ASSERT_VALID(pFrameWnd); //pFrameWnd->SetActiveView((CView*)pPane); pPane->SetFocus();//修改后的语句 } void CxSplitterWnd::StartTracking(int ht) { ASSERT_VALID(this); if (ht == noHit) return; // GetHitRect will restrict ''''m_rectLimit'''' as appropriate GetInsideRect(m_rectLimit); if (ht >= splitterIntersection1 && ht <= splitterIntersection225) { // split two directions (two tracking rectangles) int row = (ht - splitterIntersection1) / 15; int col = (ht - splitterIntersection1) % 15; GetHitRect(row + vSplitterBar1, m_rectTracker); int yTrackOffset = m_ptTrackOffset.y; m_bTracking2 = TRUE; GetHitRect(col + hSplitterBar1, m_rectTracker2); m_ptTrackOffset.y = yTrackOffset; } else if (ht == bothSplitterBox) { // hit on splitter boxes (for keyboard) GetHitRect(vSplitterBox, m_rectTracker); int yTrackOffset = m_ptTrackOffset.y; m_bTracking2 = TRUE; GetHitRect(hSplitterBox, m_rectTracker2); m_ptTrackOffset.y = yTrackOffset; // center it m_rectTracker.OffsetRect(0, m_rectLimit.Height()/2); m_rectTracker2.OffsetRect(m_rectLimit.Width()/2, 0); } else { // only hit one bar GetHitRect(ht, m_rectTracker); } //下面加注释的从E序中删厅R? //CView* pView = (CView*)GetActivePane(); //if (pView != NULL && pView->IsKindOf(RUNTIME_CLASS(CView))) //{ // ASSERT_VALID(pView); // CFrameWnd* pFrameWnd = GetParentFrame(); //ASSERT_VALID(pFrameWnd); //pView->OnActivateFrame(WA_INACTIVE, pFrameWnd); // } // steal focus and capture SetCapture(); SetFocus(); // make sure no updates are pending RedrawWindow(NULL, NULL, RDW_ALLCHILDREN | RDW_UPDATENOW); // set tracking state and appropriate cursor m_bTracking = TRUE; OnInvertTracker(m_rectTracker); if (m_bTracking2) OnInvertTracker(m_rectTracker2); m_htTrack = ht; SetSplitCursor(ht); } BOOL CxSplitterWnd::OnCommand(WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { if (CWnd::OnCommand(wParam, lParam)) return TRUE; //下面_体的是原程序的语句 //return GetParentFrame()->SendMessage(WM_COMMAND, wParam, lParam); return GetParent()->SendMessage(WM_COMMAND, wParam, lParam); } BOOL CxSplitterWnd::OnNotify( WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam, LRESULT* pResult ) { if (CWnd::OnNotify(wParam, lParam, pResult)) return TRUE; //下面_体的是源程序的语句 //*pResult = GetParentFrame()->SendMessage(WM_NOTIFY, wParam, lParam); *pResult = GetParent()->SendMessage(WM_NOTIFY, wParam, lParam); return TRUE; } BOOL CxSplitterWnd::OnWndMsg(UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam, LRESULT* pResult) { // The code line below is necessary if using CxSplitterWnd in a regular dll // AFX_MANAGE_STATE(AfxGetStaticModuleState()); return CWnd::OnWndMsg(message, wParam, lParam, pResult); }
void CXXSplitterWnd::OnLButtonDown(UINT nFlags,CPoint point)其余的处理方法类伹{?
{ CWnd::OnLButtonDown(nFlags,point); }
void CSplitterWndEx::OnDrawSplitter(CDC *pDC, ESplitType nType, const CRect &rectArg) { if(pDC==NULL) { RedrawWindow(rectArg,NULL,RDW_INVALIDATE|RDW_NOCHILDREN); return; } ASSERT_VALID(pDC); CRect rc=rectArg; switch(nType) { case splitBorder: //重画分割H口边界,使之为红? pDC->Draw3dRect(rc,RGB(255,0,0),RGB(255,0,0)); rc.InflateRect(-CX_BORDER,-CY_BORDER); pDC->Draw3dRect(rc,RGB(255,0,0),RGB(255,0,0)); return; case splitBox: pDC->Draw3dRect(rc,RGB(0,0,0),RGB(0,0,0)); rc.InflateRect(-CX_BORDER,-CY_BORDER); pDC->Draw3dRect(rc,RGB(0,0,0),RGB(0,0,0)); rc.InflateRect(-CX_BORDER,-CY_BORDER); pDC->FillSolidRect(rc,RGB(0,0,0)); pDC->Draw3dRect(rc,RGB(0,0,0),RGB(0,0,0)); return; case splitBar: //重画分割条,使之为绿? pDC->FillSolidRect(rc,RGB(255,255,255)); rc.InflateRect(-5,-5); pDC->Draw3dRect(rc,RGB(255,0,0),RGB(255,0,0)); return; default: ASSERT(FALSE); } pDC->FillSolidRect(rc,RGB(0,0,255)); } void CSplitterWndEx::OnInvertTracker(CRect &rect) { ASSERT_VALID(this); ASSERT(!rect.IsRectEmpty()); ASSERT((GetStyle()&WS_CLIPCHILDREN)==0); CRect rc=rect; rc.InflateRect(2,2); CDC* pDC=GetDC(); CBrush* pBrush=CDC::GetHalftoneBrush(); HBRUSH hOldBrush=NULL; if(pBrush!=NULL) hOldBrush=(HBRUSH)SelectObject(pDC->m_hDC,pBrush->m_hObject); pDC->PatBlt(rc.left,rc.top,rc.Width(),rc.Height(),BLACKNESS); if(hOldBrush!=NULL) SelectObject(pDC->m_hDC,hOldBrush); ReleaseDC(pDC); }
ASSERT()被测试它的参敎ͼ若参Cؓ0Q则中断执行q打CD说明消息。在 Release 版本的程序中它不起Q何作用。ASSERT()使用的时候必M证参数表辑ּ中不能有函数调用Q译者注QASSERT()宏在 Release 版本中不对表辑ּ求|Q因此对于Q何有函数调用的参数表辑ּQ应该用宏 VERIFY()Q以保证表达式中的函数调用在 Release 版本中会被正求倹{?/span>
断言(assertion)用带断言信息(E序, 模块, assertion?的对话框执行. 对话框有3个按? "Break", "Repeat" ("Debug"), and "Continue" ("Ignore"). "Break" l束E序, "Continue" 忽略断言, 最有用的是"Repeat"按钮. 按下它在断言的地Ҏ开源代码编辑器. 在这里你可以试所有的变量值ƈ明白哪里Z问题?/span>
例如QASSERT(pPointer);ASSERT(n>0 && n<100);ASSERT(0);
ASSERT在执行简单验证时很有用,但对?span>C++对象Q特别是由CObjectz的对象,则有更好的方法ASSERT_VALID来实现类似操作。作Z般规则,我们应在开始用每一个对象之前检查数据讹?
ASSERT_VALID宏得对CObject的派生类实现该操作非常简单?/font>
例如QASSERT_VALID(this);ASSERT_VALID(pView);
VERIFY()
VERIFY()?span> ASSERT()很相|区别在于?Release 版本中它仍然有效Q译者注Q原作者在q里没有讲清楚,VERIFY()不会打印说明Q只是会对参数表辑ּ求|?
TRACE()
TRACE()基本上就是函?printf()的一个复制品Q唯一的区别是它把l果输出到调试窗口。在 Release 版本中,它也是无效的。一般是用TRACE0(),TRACE1(),TRACE2()…而不用TRACE()?/font>
这三个宏在 Release 版本中都不会产生M实质性的影响Q它们是否v作用取决于是否定义了预定义了?_DEBUG。这是对 Microsoft Visual C++ 而言Q在其它的编译器中可能其它不同的宏?/span>
常用用法Q?/font>
Z控制传进的指?
void SomeFun(SomeType* pPointer)
{
ASSERT(pPointer);
//some instructions.
}
你可以在"switch" ?"if"操作中捕获奇怪的?br />例如:
switch(nRGBColors){
case nRed: {//some instructions.} break;
case nGreen: {//some instructions.} break;
case nBlue: {//some instructions.} break;
default: ASSERT(0); // we should have never come here!
}
if(nWaterTemp >=0 && nWaterTemp < 50){
//some instructions.
}
else if(nWaterTemp >= 50 && nWaterTemp <= 100){
//some instructions.
}
else{
ASSERT(0); // we should have never come here!
}
对值的断言:
ASSERT(nSomeValue >= MinValue and nSomeValue <= MaxValue);
ASSERT(nOtherValue != 0);
可爱?ASSERT 错误
ASSERT( m_MyWnd.Create() );
? q是一个可怕的错误! E序在调试版中正常工? 在发行版中不工作. C: q是一个在发行版中被U除的宏. 以这U方法你的窗口将永远不会被创? 如果你用 MFC, q样?
VERIFY( m_MyWnd.Create() );
它在调试版中?/span> ASSERT 一样ƈ且在发行版中执行 m_MyWnd.Create() ?/span>