1 鏂囦歡綆＄悊 # ls ls -a 鍒楀嚭褰撳墠鐩綍涓嬬殑鎵鏈夋枃浠訛紝鍖呮嫭浠?澶寸殑闅愬惈鏂囦歡
鏂囦歡綆＄悊 # ls ls -l鎴杔l 鍒楀嚭褰撳墠鐩綍涓嬫枃浠剁殑璇︾粏淇℃伅
鏂囦歡綆＄悊 # pwd pwd 鏌ョ湅褰撳墠鎵鍦ㄧ洰褰曠殑緇濆璺粡
鏂囦歡綆＄悊 # cd cd .. 鍥炲綋鍓嶇洰褰曠殑涓婁竴綰х洰褰?br>鏂囦歡綆＄悊 # cd cd - 鍥炰笂涓嬈℃墍鍦ㄧ殑鐩綍
鏂囦歡綆＄悊 # cd cd ~ 鎴?cd 鍥炲綋鍓嶇敤鎴風(fēng)殑瀹夸富鐩綍
鏂囦歡綆＄悊 # cd cd ~鐢ㄦ埛鍚?鍥炴寚瀹氱敤鎴風(fēng)殑瀹夸富鐩綍
2 鏂囦歡綆＄悊 # mkdir mkdir 鐩綍鍚?鍒涘緩涓涓洰褰?br>鏂囦歡綆＄悊 # mkdir mkdir –p 閫掑綊寮忓幓鍒涘緩涓浜涘祵濂楃洰褰?br>鏂囦歡綆＄悊 # rmdir Rmdir 絀虹洰褰曞悕 鍒犻櫎涓涓┖鐩綍
3 鏂囦歡綆＄悊 # rm rm 鏂囦歡鍚?鏂囦歡鍚?鍒犻櫎涓涓枃浠舵垨澶氫釜鏂囦歡
鏂囦歡綆＄悊 # rm rm -rf 闈炵┖鐩綍鍚?閫掑綊鍒犻櫎涓涓潪絀虹洰褰曚笅鐨勪竴鍒囷紝涓嶈鎻愬紡-f
4 鏂囦歡綆＄悊 # cat cat鏂囦歡鍚?涓灞忔煡鐪嬫枃浠跺唴瀹?br>5 鏂囦歡綆＄悊 # more more鏂囦歡鍚?鍒嗛〉鏌ョ湅鏂囦歡鍐呭
6 鏂囦歡綆＄悊 # less less 鏂囦歡鍚?鍙帶鍒嗛〉鏌ョ湅鏂囦歡鍐呭
7 鏂囦歡綆＄悊 # grep grep瀛楃 鏂囦歡鍚?鏍規(guī)嵁瀛楃鍖歸厤鏉ユ煡鐪嬫枃浠墮儴鍒嗗唴瀹?br>8 鏂囦歡綆＄悊 # mv mv 璺粡/鏂囦歡 /緇?鏂囦歡 縐誨姩鐩稿璺粡涓嬬殑鏂囦歡鍒扮粷瀵硅礬緇忎笅
鏂囦歡綆＄悊 # mv mv 鏂囦歡鍚?鏂板悕縐?鍦ㄥ綋鍓嶇洰褰曚笅鏀瑰悕
9 鏂囦歡綆＄悊 # cp cp /璺粡/鏂囦歡 ./ 縐誨姩緇濆璺粡涓嬬殑鏂囦歡鍒板綋鍓嶇洰褰曚笅
10 鏂囦歡綆＄悊 # find find 璺粡 -name “瀛楃涓?#8221; 鏌ユ壘璺粡鎵鍦ㄨ寖鍥村唴婊¤凍瀛楃涓插尮閰嶇殑鏂囦歡鍜岀洰褰?br>11 鏂囦歡綆＄悊 # ln ln 婧愭枃浠?閾炬帴鍚?鍒涘緩褰撳墠鐩綍婧愭枃浠剁殑紜摼鎺?br>ln /home/test /usr/test1 鍦?usr涓嬪緩绔?home/test鐨勭‖閾炬帴
12 鏂囦歡綆＄悊 # ln Ln -s a b 鍒涘緩褰撳墠鐩綍涓媋鐨勭鍙烽摼鎺
13 鏂囦歡綆＄悊 # touch touch file1 file2 鍒涘緩涓や釜絀烘枃浠?br>14 紓佺洏綆＄悊 # df df 鐢ㄤ簬鎶ュ憡鏂囦歡緋葷粺鐨勬誨閲忥紝浣跨敤閲忥紝鍓╀綑瀹歸噺銆?br>15 紓佺洏綆＄悊 # du du -b /home 鏌ョ湅鐩墠/HOME鐩綍鐨勫閲?k)鍙?qiáng)瀛愮洰褰曠殑瀹归?k)銆?br>16 紓佺洏綆＄悊 # fdisk fdisk -l 鏌ョ湅緋葷粺鍒嗗尯淇℃伅
17 紓佺洏綆＄悊 # fdisk fdisk /dev/sdb 涓轟竴鍧楁柊鐨凷CSI紜洏榪涜鍒嗗尯
18 紓佺洏綆＄悊 # mkfs.ext3 Mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb1
涓虹涓鍧桽CSI紜洏鐨勭涓涓誨垎鍖烘牸寮忓寲鎴?br>ext3鐨勬枃浠剁郴緇?br>mkfs.ext2 Mkfs.ext2/dev/sdb2 鏍煎紡鍖栨垚ext2鏂囦歡緋葷粺
19 紓佺洏綆＄悊 # mount mount -t 鏂囦歡緋葷粺綾誨瀷 璁懼璺粡 璁塊棶璺粡
紓佺洏綆＄悊 # 鏂囦歡緋葷粺綾誨瀷
Iso9660 鍏夐┍鏂囦歡緋葷粺
vfat Fat鏂囦歡緋葷粺(windows)
鎸傝澆鍏夐┍ # mount –t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
鎸傝澆FAT # mount –t vfat /dev/hda5 /mnt/cdrom 鎸傜涓涓猧de鐨勭浜斾釜閫昏緫鍒嗗尯
17 紓佺洏綆＄悊 # Umount /mnt/cdrom 鍗歌澆/mnt/cdrom涓虹┖
18 鏂囦歡鏉冮檺 # chmod chmod u+s file 涓篺ile鐨勫睘涓誨姞涓婄壒孌婃潈闄?br>chmod g+r file 涓篺ile鐨勫睘緇勫姞涓婅鏉冮檺
chmod o+w file 涓篺ile鐨勫叾瀹冪敤鎴峰姞涓婂啓鏉冮檺
chmod a-x file 涓篺ile鐨勬墍鏈夌敤鎴峰噺鍘繪墽琛屾潈闄?br>chmod 765 file 涓篺ile鐨勫睘涓昏涓哄畬鍏ㄦ潈闄愶紝灞炵粍璁炬垚璇誨啓鏉冿紝鍏跺畠鐢ㄦ埛鍏鋒湁璇誨拰鎵у績鏉冮檺
19 鏂囦歡鏉冮檺 # chown chown root /home 鎶?home鐨勫睘涓繪敼鎴恟oot鐢ㄦ埛
20 鏂囦歡鏉冮檺 # chgrp chgrp root /home 鎶?home鐨勫睘緇勬敼鎴恟oot緇?br>21 鎵撳嵃綆＄悊 # redhat-config-printer-tui 榪涘叆瀹夎鎵撳嵃鏈虹晫闈?br>22 鎵撳嵃綆＄悊 # lp lp –d hptr file 鎵撳嵃file鍒癶ptr鐨勬墦鍗版満涓?br>23 鎵撳嵃綆＄悊 # lpq Lpq –P 鎵撳嵃鏈哄悕 鏌ョ湅鎵撳嵃鏈虹殑鐘舵?br>24 鎵撳嵃綆＄悊 # lprm Lprm –P 鎵撳嵃鏈哄悕 a 鍒犻櫎鎵撳嵃鏈哄唴鐨勬墦鍗頒綔涓?br>25 鎵撳嵃綆＄悊 # disable Disable –r “changing paper” HPtr 紱佺敤鎵撳嵃鏈哄茍鎻愮ず鍘熷洜
26 鎵撳嵃綆＄悊 # enable Enable HPtr 閲嶆柊鍚敤琚鐢ㄧ殑
27 鐢ㄦ埛綆＄悊 # useradd Useradd 鍒涘緩涓涓柊鐨勭敤鎴?br>28 鐢ㄦ埛綆＄悊 # groupadd Groupadd 緇勫悕 鍒涘緩涓涓柊鐨勭粍
29 鐢ㄦ埛綆＄悊 # passwd Passwd 鐢ㄦ埛鍚?涓虹敤鎴峰垱寤哄瘑鐮?br>30 鐢ㄦ埛綆＄悊 # Passwd -d Passwd -d鐢ㄦ埛鍚?鍒犻櫎鐢ㄦ埛瀵嗙爜涔熻兘鐧婚檰
31 鐢ㄦ埛綆＄悊 # Passwd -l Passwd -l鐢ㄦ埛鍚?閿佸畾璐﹀彿瀵嗙爜
32 鐢ㄦ埛綆＄悊 # Passwd -u Passwd -u鐢ㄦ埛鍚?瑙ｉ攣璐﹀彿瀵嗙爜
33 鐢ㄦ埛綆＄悊 # Passwd -S Passwd -S鐢ㄦ埛鍚?鏌ヨ璐﹀彿瀵嗙爜
34 鐢ㄦ埛綆＄悊 # Usermod -l Usermod -l 鏂扮敤鎴峰悕 鑰佺敤鎴峰悕 涓虹敤鎴鋒敼鍚?br>35 鐢ㄦ埛綆＄悊 # Usermod -L Usermod -L 瑕侀攣瀹氱敤鎴峰悕 閿佸畾鐢ㄦ埛鐧婚檰
36 鐢ㄦ埛綆＄悊 # Usermod -U Usermod –U瑙ｉ攣鐢ㄦ埛鍚?瑙ｉ攣鐢ㄦ埛鐧婚檰
37 鐢ㄦ埛綆＄悊 # Usermod -u Usermod –u 501鐢ㄦ埛鍚?鏀瑰彉鐢ㄦ埛UID
38 鐢ㄦ埛綆＄悊 # Userdel Userdel–r 鐢ㄦ埛鍚?鍒犻櫎鐢ㄦ埛涓鍒?br>39 鐢ㄦ埛綆＄悊 # Groupmod -n Groupmod –n鏂扮敤鎴峰悕 鑰佺敤鎴峰悕 涓虹粍鏀瑰悕
40 鐢ㄦ埛綆＄悊 # Groupmod -g Groupmod –g 501 緇勫悕 鏀瑰彉緇凣ID
41 鐢ㄦ埛綆＄悊 # groupdel Groupdel緇勫悕 鍏堝簲鍒犲畠鐨勭敤鎴?鍒犻櫎緇?br>42 鐢ㄦ埛綆＄悊 # gpasswd -a gpasswd -a 鐢ㄦ埛鍚?緇勫悕 澧炲姞鐢ㄦ埛鍒扮粍
43 鐢ㄦ埛綆＄悊 # Id id 鐢ㄦ埛鍚?鏌ョ敤鎴蜂俊鎭?br>44 杞歡綆＄悊 # rpm -qa rpm –qa | less 鏌ヨ宸插畨瑁匯PM
45 杞歡綆＄悊 # rpm –qa | grep ftp 鏌ヨ鎸囧畾RPM
46 杞歡綆＄悊 # rpm -q rpm -q 宸插畨瑁呯殑RPM鍖?鏌ユ槸鍚﹀畨瑁?br>47 杞歡綆＄悊 # rpm -q telnet-server 鏌ョ湅telnet鏈嶅姟鍣ㄥ寘
48 杞歡綆＄悊 # rpm -qi rpm –qi 杞歡鍖呭悕縐?鏌ョ湅杞歡鐨勬弿榪頒俊鎭?br>49 杞歡綆＄悊 # rpm -ql rpm –ql杞歡鍖呭悕縐?鏌ヨ杞歡鍖呯殑鏂囦歡鍒楄〃
50 杞歡綆＄悊 # rpm -qf rpm –qf杞歡鍖呭悕縐?鏌ヨ鏌愪釜鏂囦歡鎵灞炵殑杞歡鍖?br>51 杞歡綆＄悊 # rpm -qp rpm –qp杞歡鍖呭叏鍚?鏌ヨ鏈畨瑁呯殑杞歡鍖呬俊鎭?br>52 杞歡綆＄悊 # rpm -e rpm –e 杞歡鍖呭悕縐?鍒犻櫎鍏蜂綋鐨勮蔣浠跺寘
53 杞歡綆＄悊 # rpm -U rpm –Uvh杞歡鍖呭叏鍚?鍗囩駭杞歡鍖呭茍鏄劇ず榪囩▼
54 杞歡綆＄悊 # rpm -ivh rpm –ivh 杞歡鍖呭叏鍚?瀹夎杞歡鍖呭茍鏄劇ず榪囩▼
55 杞歡綆＄悊 # rpm -V rpm –V杞歡鍖呭悕縐?楠岃瘉杞歡鍖呯殑澶у皬錛岀被鍨嬬瓑
56 杞歡綆＄悊 # tar -c 鍒涘緩鍖?–x 閲婃斁鍖?-v 鏄劇ず鍛戒護(hù)榪囩▼ –z 浠ｈ〃鍘嬬緝鍖?br>57 杞歡綆＄悊 # tar -cf tar –cvf benet.tar /home/benet 鎶?home/benet鐩綍鎵撳寘
58 杞歡綆＄悊 # tar -czf tar –zcvf benet.tar.gz /mnt 鎶婄洰褰曟墦鍖呭茍鍘嬬緝
59 杞歡綆＄悊 # tar –tf tar –tf benet.tar 鐪嬮潪鍘嬬緝鍖呯殑鏂囦歡鍒楄〃
60 杞歡綆＄悊 # tar –tzf tar –tf benet.tar.gz 鐪嬪帇緙╁寘鐨勬枃浠跺垪琛?br>61 杞歡綆＄悊 # tar –xf tar –xf benet.tar 闈炲帇緙╁寘鐨勬枃浠舵仮澶?br>62 杞歡綆＄悊 # tar –zxvf tar –zxvf benet.tar.gz 鍘嬬緝鍖呯殑鏂囦歡瑙ｅ帇鎭㈠
63 杞歡綆＄悊 # tar -jxvf tar –jxvf benet.tar.bz2
64 杞歡綆＄悊 # diff diff file1 file2 > 琛ヤ竵鍚?patch 涓烘柊鏃ф枃浠剁敓鎴愯ˉ涓佹枃浠?br>65 杞歡綆＄悊 # diff diff file1 file2 姣旇緝涓や釜鏂囦歡鐨勫尯鍒?br>66 杞歡綆＄悊 # Patch Patch file琛ヤ竵鍚?patch 鎵撹ˉ涓?br>67 杞歡綆＄悊 # ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/ 緙栬瘧鍓嶉厤緗?br>68 杞歡綆＄悊 # make 緙栬瘧
69 杞歡綆＄悊 # make install 瀹夎緙栬瘧濂界殑婧愮爜鍖?br>70 鍚姩綆＄悊 # reboot Init 6 閲嶅惎LINUX緋葷粺
71 鍚姩綆＄悊 # Halt Init 0 Shutdown –h now 鍏抽棴LINUX緋葷粺
72 鍚姩綆＄悊 # runlevel 鏄劇ず緋葷粺榪愯綰?br>73 鍚姩綆＄悊 # Init [0123456] 鏀瑰彉緋葷粺榪愯綰?7縐?br>74 鍚姩綆＄悊 # Chkconfig –-list [鏈嶅姟鍚嶇О] 鏌ョ湅鏈嶅姟鐨勭姸鎬?br>75 鍚姩綆＄悊 # Chkconfig –-level <榪愯綰?gt; <鏈嶅姟鍚?gt; on|off|set 璁劇疆鏈嶅姟鐨勫惎鍔ㄧ姸鎬?br>76 鍚姩綆＄悊 # Chkconfig <鏈嶅姟鍚?gt; on|off|set 璁劇疆闈炵嫭绔嬫湇鍔″惎鐘舵?br>77 榪涚▼綆＄悊 # Top鍔ㄦ?Ps-aux闈欐?榪涚▼鏍?wèi)pstree 鏌ョ湅緋葷粺榪涚▼
78 榪涚▼綆＄悊 # 紼嬪簭鍚?& 鍚庡彴榪愯紼嬪簭
79 榪涚▼綆＄悊 # fg 鎶婂悗鍙拌繍琛岀殑榪涚▼璋冨洖鍓嶅彴
80 榪涚▼綆＄悊 # bg 鎶婂墠鍙拌繍琛岃繘紼嬭皟鍒板悗鍙?br>81 榪涚▼綆＄悊 # renice Renice +1 180 鎶?80鍙瘋繘紼嬬殑浼樺厛綰у姞1
82 榪涚▼綆＄悊 # kill Kill PID 緇堟鏌愪釜PID榪涚▼
83 榪涚▼綆＄悊 # at at 5pm + 3 days
/bin/ls 鎸囧畾涓夊ぉ鍚庝笅鍗?:00鎵ц/bin/ls
84 榪涚▼綆＄悊 # crontab Crontab -e 鐢╒I鐨勫艦寮忔潵緙栬緫鑷姩鍛ㄦ湡鎬т換鍔?br>85 榪涚▼綆＄悊 # crontab Crontab -l 鏌ョ湅鑷姩鍛ㄦ湡鎬т換鍔?br>86 榪涚▼綆＄悊 # crontab Crontab -r 鍒犻櫎鑷姩鍛ㄦ湡鎬т換鍔?br>87 榪涚▼綆＄悊 # crond Service crond
椹笂鍚姩鑷姩鍛ㄦ湡鎬ф湇鍔?Service crond <鍚姩|鍋滄|閲嶅惎|鐘舵?gt;
瀹炵幇紓佺洏閰嶉 (娉ㄥ畨瑁匧INUX鏃跺緩绔?home鍒嗗尯錛?br>鐩爣錛氬鐢ㄦ埛zhao鍦?home鐩綍涓婂疄鐜皊oft limit涓?k,hard limit 涓?0k鐨勭鐩橀厤棰?br>瀹炵幇姝ラ錛?br>1. 淇敼鍖呭惈/home鐨勮錛?#vi /etc/fstab錛?鏀逛負(fù)錛歞efaults,usrquota銆備篃灝辨槸澧炲姞usrquota欏廣傜劧鍚庝繚瀛橀鍑恒?br>2銆佸嵏杞?home鐩綍 #umount /home
3. 鎸傛帴/home鐩綍 #mount /home
4銆佸鍔犵敤鎴穤hao #useradd zhao
5銆佷慨鏀瑰瘑鐮?#passwd zhao
6銆佺敓鎴愬叧浜?home鐩綍鐨剄uota淇℃伅 # quotacheck -cmug /home
#quotacheck -vu /home
7銆佹煡鐪嬫墍鏈夌敤鎴風(fēng)殑淇℃伅 #repquota -au
8銆佽緗厤棰?#edquota -u zhao
灝唖oft 鍜宧ard 鍒嗗埆鏀逛負(fù)5鍜?0
9銆佷繚瀛樺茍閫鍑?#wq!
10銆佷慨鏀規(guī)椂闂?#edquota -t
11銆?#wq!
12.寮鍚?home涓婄殑紓佺洏閰嶉鍔熻兘 #quotaon /home
13.鏌ヨ閰嶉 #quota -u zhao
14.楠岃瘉閰嶉 #su – zhao
$touch myfile
]]>
銆銆’configure’浼?xì)鍦ㄤ綘鐨劸p葷粺涓婃祴璇曞瓨鍦ㄧ殑鐗規(guī)?鎴栬卋ug!).涓轟簡鍔犻熼殢鍚庤繘琛岀殑閰嶇疆,嫻嬭瘯鐨勭粨鏋滀細(xì)瀛樺偍鍦ㄤ竴涓猚ache file閲?褰揷onfigure涓涓瘡涓瓙鏍?wèi)閲岄兘鏈?#8217;configure’鑴氭湰鐨勫鏉傜殑婧愮爜鏍?wèi)鏃?涓涓緢濂界殑cache file鐨勫瓨鍦ㄤ細(xì)鏈夊緢澶у府鍔?
–help
銆銆杈撳嚭甯姪淇℃伅.鍗充嬌鏄湁緇忛獙鐨勭敤鎴蜂篃鍋跺皵闇瑕佷嬌鐢ㄤ嬌鐢?#8217;–help’閫夐」,鍥犱負(fù)涓涓鏉傜殑欏圭洰浼?xì)鍖呭惈闄勫姞鐨勯夐」.渚嬪,GCC鍖呴噷鐨?#8217;configure’鑴氭湰灝卞寘鍚簡鍏佽浣犳帶鍒舵槸鍚︾敓鎴愬拰鍦℅CC涓嬌鐢℅NU姹囩紪鍣ㄧ殑閫夐」.
–no-create
銆銆’configure’涓殑涓涓富瑕佸嚱鏁頒細(xì)鍒朵綔杈撳嚭鏂囦歡.姝ら夐」闃繪’configure’鐢熸垚榪欎釜鏂囦歡.浣犲彲浠ヨ涓鴻繖鏄竴縐嶆紨涔?dry run),灝界緙撳瓨(cache)浠嶇劧琚敼鍐欎簡.
–quiet
–silent
銆銆褰?#8217;configure’榪涜浠栫殑嫻嬭瘯鏃?浼?xì)杈撳嚭绠瑕佺殑淇℃伅鏉ュ憡璇夌敤鎴鋒鍦ㄤ綔浠涔?榪欐牱浣滄槸鍥犱負(fù)’configure’鍙兘浼?xì)姣旇緝鎱?娌℃湁榪欑杈撳嚭鐨勮瘽鐢ㄦ埛灝嗕細(xì)琚墧鍦ㄤ竴鏃佺枒鎯戞鍦ㄥ彂鐢熶粈涔?浣跨敤榪欎袱涓夐」涓殑浠諱綍涓涓兘浼?xì)鎶婁綘鎵斿堫C竴鏃?(璇戞敞:榪欎袱鍙ヨ瘽姣旇緝鏈夋剰鎬?鍘熸枃鏄繖鏍風(fēng)殑:If there was no such output, the user would be left wondering what is happening. By using this option, you too can be left wondering!)
–version
銆銆鎵撳嵃鐢ㄦ潵浜х敓’configure’鑴氭湰鐨凙utoconf鐨勭増鏈彿.
–prefix=PEWFIX
銆銆’–prefix’鏄渶甯哥敤鐨勯夐」.鍒朵綔鍑虹殑’Makefile’浼?xì)鏌ョ湅闅忔閫夐」浼犻掔殑鍙傛暟,褰撲竴涓寘鍦ㄥ畨瑁呮椂鍙互褰誨簳鐨勯噸鏂板畨緗粬鐨勭粨鏋勭嫭绔嬮儴鍒? 涓句竴涓緥瀛?褰撳畨瑁呬竴涓寘,渚嬪璇碋macs,涓嬮潰鐨勫懡浠ゅ皢浼?xì)鋴蒃macs Lisp file琚畨瑁呭埌”/opt/gnu/share”:
$ ./configure –prefix=/opt/gnu
–exec-prefix=EPREFIX
銆銆涓?#8217;–prefix’閫夐」綾諱技,浣嗘槸浠栨槸鐢ㄦ潵璁劇疆緇撴瀯鍊氳禆鐨勬枃浠剁殑瀹夎浣嶇疆.緙栬瘧濂界殑’emacs’浜岃繘鍒舵枃浠跺氨鏄繖鏍蜂竴涓棶浠?濡傛灉娌℃湁璁劇疆榪欎釜閫夐」鐨勮瘽,榛樿浣跨敤鐨勯夐」鍊煎皢琚涓哄拰’–prefix’閫夐」鍊間竴鏍?
–bindir=DIR
銆銆鎸囧畾浜岃繘鍒舵枃浠剁殑瀹夎浣嶇疆.榪欓噷鐨勪簩榪涘埗鏂囦歡瀹氫箟涓哄彲浠ヨ鐢ㄦ埛鐩存帴鎵ц鐨勭▼搴?
–sbindir=DIR
銆銆鎸囧畾瓚呯駭浜岃繘鍒舵枃浠剁殑瀹夎浣嶇疆.榪欐槸涓浜涢氬父鍙兘鐢辮秴綰х敤鎴鋒墽琛岀殑紼嬪簭.
–libexecdir=DIR
銆銆鎸囧畾鍙墽琛屾敮鎸佹枃浠剁殑瀹夎浣嶇疆.涓庝簩榪涘埗鏂囦歡鐩稿弽,榪欎簺鏂囦歡浠庢潵涓嶇洿鎺ョ敱鐢ㄦ埛鎵ц,浣嗘槸鍙互琚笂闈㈡彁鍒扮殑浜岃繘鍒舵枃浠舵墍鎵ц.
–datadir=DIR
銆銆鎸囧畾閫氱敤鏁版嵁鏂囦歡鐨勫畨瑁呬綅緗?
–sysconfdir=DIR
銆銆鎸囧畾鍦ㄥ崟涓満鍣ㄤ笂浣跨敤鐨勫彧璇繪暟鎹殑瀹夎浣嶇疆.
–sharedstatedir=DIR
銆銆鎸囧畾鍙互鍦ㄥ涓満鍣ㄤ笂鍏變韓鐨勫彲鍐欐暟鎹殑瀹夎浣嶇疆.
–localstatedir=DIR
銆銆鎸囧畾鍙兘鍗曟満浣跨敤鐨勫彲鍐欐暟鎹殑瀹夎浣嶇疆.
–libdir=DIR
銆銆鎸囧畾搴撴枃浠剁殑瀹夎浣嶇疆.
–includedir=DIR
銆銆鎸囧畾C澶存枃浠剁殑瀹夎浣嶇疆.鍏朵粬璇█濡侰++鐨勫ご鏂囦歡涔熷彲浠ヤ嬌鐢ㄦ閫夐」.
–oldincludedir=DIR
銆銆鎸囧畾涓洪櫎GCC澶栫紪璇戝櫒瀹夎鐨凜澶存枃浠剁殑瀹夎浣嶇疆.
–infodir=DIR
銆銆鎸囧畾Info鏍煎紡鏂囨。鐨勫畨瑁呬綅緗?Info鏄GNU宸ョ▼鎵浣跨敤鐨勬枃妗ｆ牸寮?
–mandir=DIR
銆銆鎸囧畾鎵嬪唽欏電殑瀹夎浣嶇疆.
–srcdir=DIR
銆銆榪欎釜閫夐」瀵瑰畨瑁呮病鏈変綔鐢?浠栦細(xì)鍛婅瘔’configure’婧愮爜鐨勪綅緗?涓鑸潵璇翠笉鐢ㄦ寚瀹氭閫夐」,鍥犱負(fù)’configure’鑴氭湰涓鑸拰婧愮爜鏂囦歡鍦ㄥ悓涓涓洰褰曚笅.
–program-prefix=PREFIX
銆銆鎸囧畾灝嗚鍔犲埌鎵瀹夎紼嬪簭鐨勫悕瀛椾笂鐨勫墠緙.渚嬪,浣跨敤’–program-prefix=g’鏉onfigure涓涓悕涓?#8217;tar’鐨勭▼搴忓皢浼?xì)鋴慑畨瑁呯殑绋嬪簭琚懡鍚嶄?#8217;gtar’.褰撳拰鍏朵粬鐨勫畨瑁呴夐」涓璧蜂嬌鐢ㄦ椂,榪欎釜閫夐」鍙湁褰撲粬琚玚Makefile.in’鏂囦歡浣跨敤鏃舵墠浼?xì)宸ヤ?
–program-suffix=SUFFIX
銆銆鎸囧畾灝嗚鍔犲埌鎵瀹夎紼嬪簭鐨勫悕瀛椾笂鐨勫悗緙.
–program-transform-name=PROGRAM
銆銆榪欓噷鐨凱ROGRAM鏄竴涓猻ed鑴氭湰.褰撲竴涓▼搴忚瀹夎鏃?浠栫殑鍚嶅瓧灝嗙粡榪嘸sed -e PROGRAM’鏉ヤ駭鐢熷畨瑁呯殑鍚嶅瓧.
–build=BUILD
銆銆鎸囧畾杞歡鍖呭畨瑁呯殑緋葷粺騫沖彴.濡傛灉娌℃湁鎸囧畾,榛樿鍊煎皢鏄?#8217;–host’閫夐」鐨勫?
–host=HOST
銆銆鎸囧畾杞歡榪愯鐨勭郴緇熷鉤鍙?濡傛灉娌℃湁鎸囧畾,灝嗕細(xì)榪愯`config.guess’鏉ユ嫻?
–target=GARGET
銆銆鎸囧畾杞歡闈㈠悜(target to)鐨勭郴緇熷鉤鍙?榪欎富瑕佸湪紼嬪簭璇█宸ュ叿濡傜紪璇戝櫒鍜屾眹緙栧櫒涓婁笅鏂囦腑璧蜂綔鐢?濡傛灉娌℃湁鎸囧畾,榛樿灝嗕嬌鐢?#8217;–host’閫夐」鐨勫?
–disable-FEATURE
銆銆涓浜涜蔣浠跺寘鍙互閫夋嫨榪欎釜閫夐」鏉ユ彁渚涗負(fù)澶у瀷閫夐」鐨勭紪璇戞椂閰嶇疆,渚嬪浣跨敤Kerberos璁よ瘉緋葷粺鎴栬呬竴涓疄楠屾х殑緙栬瘧鍣ㄦ渶浼橀厤緗?濡傛灉榛樿鏄彁渚涜繖浜涚壒鎬?鍙互浣跨敤’–disable-FEATURE’鏉ョ鐢ㄥ畠,榪欓噷’FEATURE’鏄壒鎬х殑鍚嶅瓧.渚嬪:
$ ./configure –disable-gui
-enable-FEATURE[=ARG]
銆銆鐩稿弽鐨?涓浜涜蔣浠跺寘鍙兘鎻愪緵浜嗕竴浜涢粯璁よ紱佹鐨勭壒鎬?鍙互浣跨敤’–enable-FEATURE’鏉ヨ搗鐢ㄥ畠.榪欓噷’FEATURE’鏄壒鎬х殑鍚嶅瓧.涓涓壒鎬у彲鑳戒細(xì)鎺ュ彈涓涓彲閫夌殑鍙傛暟.渚嬪:
$ ./configure –enable-buffers=128
`–enable-FEATURE=no’涓庝笂闈㈡彁鍒扮殑’–disable-FEATURE’鏄悓涔夌殑.
–with-PACKAGE[=ARG]
銆銆鍦ㄨ嚜鐢辮蔣浠剁ぞ鍖洪噷,鏈変嬌鐢ㄥ凡鏈夎蔣浠跺寘鍜屽簱鐨勪紭縐浼犵粺.褰撶敤’configure’鏉ラ厤緗竴涓簮鐮佹爲(wèi)鏃?鍙互鎻愪緵鍏朵粬宸茬粡瀹夎鐨勮蔣浠跺寘鐨勪俊鎭?渚嬪,鍊氳禆浜嶵cl鍜孴k鐨凚LT鍣ㄤ歡宸ュ叿鍖?瑕侀厤緗瓸LT,鍙兘闇瑕佺粰’configure’鎻愪緵涓浜涘叧浜庢垜浠妸Tcl鍜孴k瑁呯殑浣曞鐨勪俊鎭?
$ ./configure –with-tcl=/usr/local –with-tk=/usr/local
‘–with-PACKAGE=no’涓庝笅闈㈠皢鎻愬埌鐨?#8217;–without-PACKAGE’鏄悓涔夌殑.
–without-PACKAGE
銆銆鏈夋椂鍊欎綘鍙兘涓嶆兂璁╀綘鐨勮蔣浠跺寘涓庣郴緇熷凡鏈夌殑杞歡鍖呬氦浜?渚嬪,浣犲彲鑳戒笉鎯寵浣犵殑鏂扮紪璇戝櫒浣跨敤GNU ld.閫氳繃浣跨敤榪欎釜閫夐」鍙互鍋氬埌榪欎竴鐐?
$ ./configure –without-gnu-ld
–x-includes=DIR
銆銆榪欎釜閫夐」鏄?#8217;–with-PACKAGE’閫夐」鐨勪竴涓壒渚?鍦ˋutoconf鏈鍒濊寮鍙戝嚭鏉ユ椂,嫻佽浣跨敤’configure’鏉ヤ綔涓篒make 鐨勪竴涓彉閫氭柟娉曟潵鍒朵綔榪愯浜嶺鐨勮蔣浠?’–x-includes’閫夐」鎻愪緵浜嗗悜’configure’鑴氭湰鎸囨槑鍖呭惈X11澶存枃浠剁殑鐩綍鐨勬柟娉?
–x-libraries=DIR
銆銆綾諱技鐨?’–x-libraries’閫夐」鎻愪緵浜嗗悜’configure’鑴氭湰鎸囨槑鍖呭惈X11搴撶殑鐩綍鐨勬柟娉?
銆銆鍦ㄦ簮鐮佹爲(wèi)涓繍琛?#8217;configure’鏄笉蹇呰鐨勫悓鏃朵篃鏄笉濂界殑.涓涓敱’configure’浜х敓鐨勮壇濂界殑’Makefile’鍙互鏋勭瓚婧愮爜灞炰簬鍙︿竴媯墊爲(wèi)鐨勮蔣浠跺寘.鍦ㄤ竴涓嫭绔嬩簬婧愮爜鐨勬爲(wèi)涓瀯絳戞淳鐢熺殑鏂囦歡鐨勫ソ澶勬槸寰堟槑鏄劇殑:媧劇敓鐨勬枃浠?濡傜洰鏍囨枃浠?浼?xì)鍑屼罐q殑鏁ｅ竷浜庢簮鐮佹爲(wèi).榪欎篃浣垮湪鍙︿竴涓笉鍚岀殑緋葷粺鎴栫敤涓嶅悓鐨勯厤緗夐」鏋勭瓚鍚屾牱鐨勭洰鏍囨枃浠墮潪甯稿洶闅?寤鴻浣跨敤涓夋５鏍?涓媯墊簮鐮佹爲(wèi)(source tree),涓媯墊瀯絳戞爲(wèi)(build tree),涓媯靛畨瑁呮爲(wèi)(install tree).榪欓噷鏈変竴涓緢鎺ヨ繎鐨勪緥瀛?鏄嬌鐢ㄨ繖縐嶆柟娉曟潵鏋勭瓚GNU malloc鍖?
$ gtar zxf mmalloc-1.0.tar.gz
$ mkdir build && cd build
$ ../mmalloc-1.0/configure
creating cache ./config.cache
checking for gcc… gcc
checking whether the C compiler (gcc ) works… yes
checking whether the C compiler (gcc ) is a cross-compiler… no
checking whether we are using GNU C… yes
checking whether gcc accepts -g… yes
checking for a BSD compatible install… /usr/bin/install -c
checking host system type… i586-pc-linux-gnu
checking build system type… i586-pc-linux-gnu
checking for ar… ar
checking for ranlib… ranlib
checking how to run the C preprocessor… gcc -E
checking for unistd.h… yes
checking for getpagesize… yes
checking for working mmap… yes
checking for limits.h… yes
checking for stddef.h… yes
updating cache ../config.cache
creating ./config.status
榪欐牱榪欐５鏋勭瓚鏍?wèi)灏辫閰嵕|簡,涓嬮潰鍙互緇х畫鏋勭瓚鍜屽畨瑁呰繖涓寘鍒伴粯璁ょ殑浣嶇疆’/usr/local’:
$ make all && make install
涓涓蔣浠跺寘閫氳繃緙栬瘧婧愪唬鐮佸畨瑁呭悗錛屽浣曞畬鍏ㄧ殑鍗歌澆錛燂紵
濡傛灉鍘熷厛鐨剆ource榪樺湪鐨勮瘽錛屽緢澶歴ource鐨凪akefile閮芥湁鍐檜ninstall瑙勫垯錛岀洿鎺ュ湪Souce閲宮ake uninstall灝卞彲琛岋紝涓嶈繃紕板埌鏃犺壇浣滆呮病鍐欑殑錛岄偅涓鍙ヤ竴鍙ョ湅Makefile閲宨nstall閮ㄥ垎浠栭兘騫蹭簡浜涗粈涔堬紝鐒跺悗鎸ㄤ釜鍒犻櫎銆?/p>
濡傛灉source娌′簡…..閭ｅ氨涓杈歸儊闂峰惂
鍒扮洰鍓嶄負(fù)姝? 鎴戣鐨勯兘鍙互make uninstall…….
(鍥犱負(fù)鎬繪槸涓嶅皬蹇冭閿欏湴鏂? 緇撴灉灝眒ake uninstall&&make clean,鐒跺悗閲嶆柊configure……)
linux涓嬭蔣浠剁殑鍩烘湰瀹夎鍜屽嵏杞?/p>
Linux杞歡鐨勫畨瑁呭拰鍗歌澆涓鐩存槸鍥版壈璁稿鏂扮敤鎴風(fēng)殑闅鵑銆傚湪Windows涓紝鎴戜滑鍙互浣跨敤杞歡鑷甫鐨勫畨瑁呭嵏杞界▼搴忔垨鍦ㄦ帶鍒墮潰鏉夸腑鐨?#8220;娣誨姞/鍒犻櫎紼嬪簭”鏉ュ疄鐜般備笌鍏剁浉綾諱技錛屽湪Linux涓嬫湁涓涓姛鑳藉己澶х殑杞歡瀹夎鍗歌澆宸ュ叿錛屽悕涓?RPM銆傚畠鍙互鐢ㄦ潵寤虹珛銆佸畨瑁呫佹煡璇€佹洿鏂般佸嵏杞借蔣浠躲傝宸ュ叿鏄湪鍛戒護(hù)琛屼笅浣跨敤鐨勩傚湪Shell鐨勬彁紺虹鍚庤緭鍏pm錛屽氨鍙幏寰楄鍛戒護(hù)鐨勫府鍔╀俊鎭?/p>
杞歡鐨勫畨瑁?/p>
Linux涓嬭蔣浠剁殑瀹夎涓昏鏈変袱縐嶄笉鍚岀殑褰㈠紡銆傜涓縐嶅畨瑁呮枃浠跺悕涓簒xx.tar.gz錛涘彟涓縐嶅畨瑁呮枃浠跺悕涓簒xx.i386.rpm銆備互絎竴縐嶆柟寮忓彂琛岀殑杞歡澶氫負(fù)浠ユ簮鐮佸艦寮忓彂閫佺殑錛涚浜岀鏂瑰紡鍒欐槸鐩存帴浠ヤ簩榪涘埗褰㈠紡鍙戦佺殑銆?/p>
瀵逛簬絎竴縐嶏紝瀹夎鏂規(guī)硶濡備笅錛?/p>
1 .棣栧厛錛屽皢瀹夎鏂囦歡鎷瘋礉鑷充綘鐨勭洰褰曚腑銆備緥濡傦紝濡傛灉浣犳槸浠oot韜喚鐧誨綍涓婄殑錛屽氨灝嗚蔣浠舵嫹璐濊嚦/root涓?/p>
#cp xxx.tar.gz /root
2 .鐢變簬璇ユ枃浠舵槸琚帇緙╁茍鎵撳寘鐨?搴斿鍏惰В鍘嬬緝銆傚懡浠や負(fù)錛?/p>
#tar xvzf filename.tar.gz 濡傛灉鏄痜ilename.tar.bz2鏍煎紡鐨勶紝搴旇鏄痶ar jxvf filename.tar.bz2鏉ヨВ鍘?/p>
3. 鎵ц璇ュ懡浠ゅ悗錛屽畨瑁呮枃浠舵寜璺緞錛岃В鍘嬬緝鍦ㄥ綋鍓嶇洰褰曚笅銆傜敤ls鍛戒護(hù)鍙互鐪嬪埌瑙ｅ帇緙╁悗鐨勬枃浠躲傞氬父鍦ㄨВ鍘嬬緝鍚庝駭鐢熺殑鏂囦歡涓紝鏈?#8220;Install”鐨勬枃浠躲傝鏂囦歡涓虹函鏂囨湰鏂囦歡錛岃緇嗚榪頒簡璇ヨ蔣浠跺寘鐨勫畨瑁呮柟娉曘?/p>
4.鎵ц瑙ｅ帇緙╁悗浜х敓鐨勪竴涓悕涓篶onfigure鐨勫彲鎵ц鑴氭湰紼嬪簭銆傚畠鏄敤浜庢鏌ョ郴緇熸槸鍚︽湁緙栬瘧鏃舵墍闇鐨勫簱錛屼互鍙?qiáng)搴撶殑鐗堟湰鏄惁婊…懗缂栬瘧鐨勯渶瑕佺瓑瀹夎鎵闇瑕佺殑緋葷粺淇℃伅銆備負(fù)闅忓悗鐨勭紪璇戝伐浣滃仛鍑嗗銆傚懡浠や負(fù)錛?#./configure
濡傛灉鎮(zhèn)ㄦ兂鎶婅蔣浠跺畨瑁呭埌鎸囧畾鐩綍錛屽簲璇ョ敤#./configure –prefix=/鎮(zhèn)ㄨ嚜宸辨寚瀹氱殑鐩綍錛屾瘮濡傛垜鎯蟲妸涓涓猰lterm瀹夎鍒?opt/mlterm鐩綍涓紝搴旇濡備笅杈撳叆
#./configure –prefix=/opt/mlterm
5.媯鏌ラ氳繃鍚庯紝灝嗙敓鎴愮敤浜庣紪璇戠殑MakeFile鏂囦歡銆傛鏃訛紝鍙互寮濮嬭繘琛岀紪璇戜簡銆傜紪璇戠殑榪囩▼瑙嗚蔣浠剁殑瑙勬ā鍜岃綆楁満鎬ц兘鐨勪笉鍚岋紝鎵鑰楄垂鐨勬椂闂翠篃涓嶅悓銆傚懡浠や負(fù)錛?#make銆?/p>
6.鎴愬姛緙栬瘧鍚庯紝閿叆濡備笅鐨勫懡浠ゅ紑濮嬪畨瑁咃細(xì)
#make install
7.瀹夎瀹屾瘯錛屽簲娓呴櫎緙栬瘧榪囩▼涓駭鐢熺殑涓存椂鏂囦歡鍜岄厤緗繃紼嬩腑浜х敓鐨勬枃浠躲傞敭鍏ュ涓嬪懡浠わ細(xì)
#make clean
#make distclean
鑷蟲錛岃蔣浠剁殑瀹夎緇撴潫銆?/p>
瀵逛簬絎簩縐嶏紝鍏跺畨瑁呮柟娉曡綆鍗曞緱澶氥?/p>
鍚岀涓縐嶆柟寮忎竴鏍鳳紝灝嗗畨瑁呮枃浠舵嫹璐濊嚦浣犵殑鐩綍涓傜劧鍚庝嬌鐢╮pm鏉ュ畨瑁呰鏂囦歡銆傚懡浠ゅ涓嬶細(xì)
#rpm -i filename.i386.rpm
rpm灝嗚嚜鍔ㄥ皢瀹夎鏂囦歡瑙ｅ寘錛屽茍灝嗚蔣浠跺畨瑁呭埌緙虹渷鐨勭洰褰曚笅銆傚茍灝嗚蔣浠剁殑瀹夎淇℃伅娉ㄥ唽鍒皉pm鐨勬暟鎹簱涓傚弬鏁癷鐨勪綔鐢ㄦ槸浣縭pm榪涘叆瀹夎妯″紡銆?/p>
杞歡鐨勫嵏杞?/p>
1.杞歡鐨勫嵏杞戒富瑕佹槸浣跨敤rpm鏉ヨ繘琛岀殑銆傚嵏杞借蔣浠墮鍏堣鐭ラ亾杞歡鍖呭湪緋葷粺涓敞鍐岀殑鍚嶇О銆傞敭鍏ュ懡浠わ細(xì)
#rpm -q -a
鍗沖彲鏌ヨ鍒板綋鍓嶇郴緇熶腑瀹夎鐨勬墍鏈夌殑杞歡鍖呫?/p>
2. 紜畾浜嗚鍗歌澆鐨勮蔣浠剁殑鍚嶇О錛屽氨鍙互寮濮嬪疄闄呭嵏杞借杞歡浜嗐傞敭鍏ュ懡浠わ細(xì)
#rpm -e [package name]
鍗沖彲鍗歌澆杞歡銆傚弬鏁癳鐨勪綔鐢ㄦ槸浣縭pm榪涘叆鍗歌澆妯″紡銆傚鍚嶄負(fù)[package name]鐨勮蔣浠跺寘榪涜鍗歌澆銆傜敱浜庣郴緇熶腑鍚勪釜杞歡鍖呬箣闂寸浉浜掓湁渚濊禆鍏崇郴銆傚鏋滃洜瀛樺湪渚濊禆鍏崇郴鑰屼笉鑳藉嵏杞斤紝rpm灝嗙粰浜堟彁紺哄茍鍋滄鍗歌澆銆備綘鍙互浣跨敤濡備笅鐨勫懡浠ゆ潵蹇界暐渚濊禆鍏崇郴錛岀洿鎺ュ紑濮嬪嵏杞斤細(xì)
#rpm -e [package name] -nodeps
蹇界暐渚濊禆鍏崇郴鐨勫嵏杞藉彲鑳戒細(xì)瀵艱嚧緋葷粺涓叾瀹冪殑涓浜涜蔣浠舵棤娉曚嬌鐢?/p>
濡傛灉鎯崇煡閬搑pm鍖呭畨瑁呭埌鍝噷浜嗗憿錛?/p>
搴旇鐢?#rpm -ql [package name]
3.濡備綍鍗歌澆鐢ㄦ簮鐮佸寘瀹夎鐨勮蔣浠訛紵
鏈濂芥槸鐪婻EADME鍜孖NSTALL 錛涗竴鑸殑鎯呭喌涓嬮兘鏈夎錛屼絾澶у杞歡娌℃湁鎻愪緵婧愮爜鍖呯殑鍗歌澆鏂規(guī)硶錛涙垜浠彲浠ユ壘鍒拌蔣浠剁殑瀹夎鐐瑰垹闄ゃ備富瑕佺湅浣犳妸瀹冨畨瑁呭湪鍝簡銆?/p>
姣斿錛?/p>
濡傛灉瀹夎杞歡鏃訛紝鎸囧畾涓洰褰曘傝繖涓棶棰樹篃涓嶄細(xì)闅撅紱
姣斿鐢ㄦ簮鐮佸寘瀹夎gaim 鐨?/p>
#./configure –prefix=/opt/gaim
#make
#make install
濡傛灉瀹夎mlterm
#./configure –prefix=/opt/mlterm
#make
#make install
鎶婃簮鐮佸寘瀹夎鐨勮蔣浠訛紝閮芥寚瀹氬畨瑁呭湪 /opt鐩綍涓紝榪欐牱涓嶅氨鐭ラ亾浜嗭紵錛?/p>
濡傛灉鍒犻櫎錛屽氨鍒犻櫎鐩稿簲鐨勮蔣浠剁洰褰曪紱
鏈変簺杞歡瑕佸湪瑙ｅ帇瀹夎鐩綍涓墽琛?make uninstall 錛岃繖鏍峰氨鍗歌澆鎺変簡
]]>
姝ゅ墠own涔熸浘鍙戣〃榪囧嚑綃囨枃绔?璇︾粏鐨勪粙緇嶄簡鍑犱釜鍛戒護(hù)姣斿ls,sudo,chmod絳夌瓑,鐪嬩笉鎳俶an鐨?璇瘋嚜琛屾煡鎵?)
鐩村埌鍓嶅ぉ緹ら噷鏈変漢闂甤d鍛戒護(hù)鎬庝箞鐢?.鏆村瘨~~鎯蟲兂涔熸槸,涓瀹氭湁寰堝鍦╳in涓嬩篃娌℃帴瑙﹁繃鍛戒護(hù)鐨勫惂?浜庢槸鍐沖畾鍐欑偣涓滀笢
apt-get:
debian緋葷郴緇熺殑杞歡鍖呯鐞嗙▼搴?鍏跺浘褰㈠寲鍓嶇灝辨槸澶у悕榧庨紟鐨勬柊绔嬪緱浜?,浼?xì)鑷姩甯綘鎼炲畾渚濊禆鍏尘p?br>鏈甯哥敤鍙傛暟:
update 鈥?涓庝綘鐨勮蔣浠舵簮(鍦?etc/apt/sources.list涓垪鍑?鏇存柊杞歡鍖呭垪琛?鎹㈡簮鍚庨渶瑕佹墽琛?br>upgrade 鈥?鏍規(guī)嵁update寰楀埌鐨勬簮杞歡搴撲笌鏈湴宸茬粡瀹夎鐨勫姣?(濡傛灉闇瑕佸崌綰у氨)鍏ㄩ儴鍗囩駭
install 鈥?瀹夎杞歡鍖?鍙互浣跨敤tab琛ュ叏杞歡鍖呯殑鍚嶅瓧,姣旇緝鏂逛究)
remove 鈥?鍗歌澆杞歡鍖?br>purge 鈥?鍗歌澆杞歡鍖?鍚屾椂鍒犻櫎璇ヨ蔣浠剁殑閰嶇疆鏂囦歡
source 鈥?浠庢簮閲屼笅杞借蔣浠跺寘鐨勬簮鐮佸埌褰撳墠鐩綍(鎵ц姝ゅ懡浠ょ殑鐩綍)騫惰В鍘?闄ら潪鎸囧畾–download-only鍙傛暟)
璇ュ湴鍧鐢?etc/apt/sources.list涓殑 deb-src 琛屾寚瀹?br>check 鈥?鐢ㄦ潵(鑷姩)淇(宸茶)杞歡鍖呬箣闂寸殑渚濊禆鍏崇郴
clean 鈥?娓呴櫎/var/cache/apt/archives/鍖呮嫭鍏跺瓙鐩綍partial/涓嬬殑鎵鏈夎蔣浠跺寘緙撳瓨
autoclean 鈥?姣攃lean甯哥敤,鎴戠殑鐞嗚В鏄垹闄や綆鐗堟湰鐨勭紦瀛樿屼繚鐣欓珮鐗堟湰鐨?鎴栬呭寘鎷潪褰撳墠婧愰噷鐨勮蔣浠跺寘?)
aptitude:
姝や負(fù)PT鍚屽琛ュ厖,浠栫殑璇存硶鏄痑ptitude姣攁pt-get灝戜釜妯嚎,tab琛ュ叏姣旇緝瀹規(guī)槗(=.=)~澶ф紲炵墰閮芥瘮杈冩噿鍚?br>涓嶅緱涓嶆彁涓嬭泲铔嬬闉嬩互鍓嶈榪囩殑ubuntu褰╄泲:) <浠呴檺浜嶶BUNTU 8.04>
man apt 鈥?鏈鍚庝細(xì)鐪嬪埌 “鏈琣pt鏈夌潃瓚呯駭鐗涘姏” or “this APT has a super-cow power”
man aptitude 鈥?浼?xì)鐪嬪?“榪欎釜aptitude娌℃湁瓚呯駭鐗涘姏”
鐪嬬湅aptitude鐨勫弬鏁?浣犲氨浼?xì)鏄庣櫧湄?fù)浠涔坅ptitude浼?xì)鏍嚳U?#8221;楂樼駭杞歡鍖呯鐞嗙▼搴?#8221;浜?br>鏈甯哥敤鍙傛暟:
search 鈥?鍦?浣犵殑婧愮殑)鎵鏈夎蔣浠跺寘鍒楄〃涓悳绱㈣杞歡,search鐨勮〃杈懼紡鍙互寰堝鏉?鍏蜂綋鐪媘an
鍏朵綑甯哥敤鍙傛暟鍚宎pt-get
cat:
鎶?涓涓垨澶氫釜)鏂囦歡鍐呭(榪炴帴)鏄劇ず鍒版爣鍑嗚緭鍑?br>褰撴枃鏈枃浠跺緢灝?鑰屼笖浣犲彧鏄兂鐪嬩笅,騫朵笉鎵撶畻鐢╣edit鎴栬卾im涔嬬被緙栬緫鍣ㄧ紪杈戠殑鏃跺?鍙互cat涓涓?鎴戞槸鐢ㄦ潵閰嶅悎grep浣跨敤
cd:
鍒囨崲褰撳墠宸ヤ綔鐩綍
涓嶅悓浜庡叾浠栧懡浠?榪欐槸涓涓猻hell鍐呯疆鍛戒護(hù),鎵浠ユ病鏈夋墜鍐岄〉鍙湅…澶熷熀紜,鎵浠ユ墠浼?xì)鍑虹幇鍦ㄦ湰绡囨枃绔犱?=.=)閮侀椃
鏈甯哥敤鍙傛暟:
. 鈥?鍒囨崲鍒板綋鍓嶇洰褰?璨屼技娌℃湁浠涔堟剰涔?(.榪欎釜鐩綍鍙互閫氳繃ls -a鐪嬪埌)
.. 鈥?鍒囨崲鍒頒笂灞傜洰褰?br>~ 鈥?鍥炲埌瀹剁洰褰?/home/浣犵殑鐧誨綍鍚?)
chmod:
鏀瑰彉鏂囦歡鐨勬潈闄愪綅
linux鏂囦歡緋葷粺鐨勬潈闄愪綅鏈変袱縐嶈〃紺烘柟娉?瑕佹槸璇︾粏璇翠笅,闈炲緱绱鑰侀紶涓嶅彲=.=,鎵浠ュ彧璇?榪涘埗鏁拌〃紺?)
綆瑕佷粙緇嶄笅:ls -l鍙互鏄劇ず鍑烘枃浠剁殑鏉冮檺,姣斿(-rwxr-xr–),浠ｈ〃浜嗕笁縐嶇敤鎴風(fēng)殑鏉冮檺
絎竴涓猺wx,浠ｈ〃鏂囦歡鎵鏈夎呯殑鏉冮檺,鍗?璇?鍐?鎵ц),鐢ㄤ簩榪涘埗琛ㄧず涓?11,浠ｈ〃鍏繘鍒朵腑鐨?+2+1=7
絎簩涓猺-x,浠ｈ〃鏂囦歡鎵鏈夎呭悓涓鐢ㄦ埛緇勫叾浠栫敤鎴風(fēng)殑鏉冮檺,鍗?璇? ,鎵ц),鐢ㄤ簩榪涘埗琛ㄧず涓?01,浠ｈ〃鍏繘鍒朵腑鐨?=4+0+1
絎笁涓猺–,浠ｈ〃鍏朵粬鐢ㄦ埛鐨勬潈闄?鍗?璇? , ),浜岃繘鍒惰〃紺轟負(fù)100,浠ｈ〃鍏繘鍒剁殑4=4+0+0
鎵浠ヨ繖涓枃浠剁殑鏉冮檺浣嶄負(fù)754
榪欎篃灝辨槸chmod鐨勭敤娉?渚嬪chmod 751 myfile #灝嗚鏂囦歡鏉冮檺璁懼畾涓簉wxr-x–x
鏈甯哥敤鍙傛暟:
-v 鈥?鍒楀嚭褰撳墠姝ｅ湪鎵ц鐨勬楠?br>-R 鈥?閫掑綊寮?鍗蟲敼鍙橀潪絀虹洰褰曚笅鐨勪竴鍒囦負(fù)鎸囧畾鏉冮檺
cp:
鎷瘋礉鏂囦歡鍜岀洰褰?br>鏈甯哥敤鍙傛暟:
-b 鈥?涓烘瘡涓凡緇忓瓨鍦ㄧ殑鐩殑鏂囦歡浣滀釜澶囦喚
-d 鈥?閬囧埌杞摼鎺ユ椂涓嶆嫹璐濊蔣閾炬帴鎵鎸囧悜鐨勬枃浠?鎷瘋礉鏃朵繚鐣檒inks灞炴?閾炬帴鏁?
-p 鈥?淇濈暀鏂囦歡鐨勮闂潈闄?鎵鏈夎?鍜屾椂闂存埑
-R鍜?r 鈥?閫掑綊寮忔嫹璐?cp榪囩▼閬囧埌闈炵┖鐩綍鎵嶆湁鏁?,鍗蟲嫹璐濈洰褰?瀛愮洰褰?瀛愮洰褰曠殑瀛愮洰褰?#8230;..
-a 鈥?浣滅敤鍚?dpR
-s 鈥?騫朵笉鐪熺殑鍋氭嫹璐?鑰屽彧鏄負(fù)姣忎釜鏂囦歡浣滆蔣閾炬帴(絎﹀彿閾炬帴)
-u 鈥?鍚屼笅闈?mv 鐨?u鍙傛暟
head, tail
灝卞儚榪欎袱涓悕瀛?涓涓樉紺烘枃浠跺ご閮?涓涓樉紺哄熬閮?br>鏈甯哥敤鍙傛暟:
-n 鈥?鎸囧畾杈撳嚭鐨?澶撮儴鎴栧熬閮?琛屾暟, 褰撴病鏈夋鍙傛暟鏃?榛樿鏄劇ず10琛?/p>
ifconfig:
閰嶇疆緗戝崱
鏈甯哥敤鍙傛暟:
娌℃湁鍙傛暟 鈥?鍒楀嚭褰撳墠媧誨姩緗戝崱鐨勭姸鎬?br>-a 鈥?鍒楀嚭鎵鏈夌綉鍗＄殑鐘舵?br>interface 鈥?鎸囧畾緗戝崱鍚嶇О姣斿eth0
up 鈥?鍞ら啋璇ョ綉鍗?br>down 鈥?鍏抽棴璇ョ綉鍗?br>arp,mtu,netmask addr,…絳夌瓑寰堝鍙傛暟 =.=
ln:
涓烘枃浠跺緩绔嬮摼鎺?br>linux鐨勯摼鎺ュ垎涓轟袱縐?紜摼鎺ュ拰杞摼鎺?ln榛樿寤虹珛紜摼鎺?hard link),涓ょ鐨勫尯鍒鑷繁鎼滅儲:)
鏈甯哥敤鍙傛暟:
-s 鈥?寤虹珛杞摼鎺?絎﹀彿閾炬帴,鍙互鐞嗚В涓簑in涓嬬殑蹇嵎鏂瑰紡)
-f 鈥?濡傛灉瑕佸緩绔嬬殑閾炬帴鍚嶅凡緇忓瓨鍦?鍒欏垹闄や箣
ls:
鏄劇ず鐩綍鍐呭
鏈甯哥敤鍙傛暟:
-a 鈥?鏄劇ず鎸囧畾鐩綍鎵鏈夋枃浠?鍖呮嫭鏂囦歡鍚嶄互 . 寮澶寸殑鏂囦歡
-l 鈥?鏄劇ず鏂囦歡璇︾粏淇℃伅(鍖呮嫭鏂囦歡綾誨瀷,鏉冮檺,淇敼鏃墮棿,璁塊棶鏃墮棿,澶у皬,鏂囦歡鍚?#8230;)
-h 鈥?灝嗘枃浠跺ぇ灝忎互鏂逛究闃呰鐨勫艦寮忚〃紺哄嚭鏉?閰嶅悎 -l 鍙傛暟浣跨敤,甯告湁濂囨晥
man:
闃呰鍙傝冩墜鍐宱f~
棰樺璇?HX璇磋繖鏄痩inux鏈鏈闅懼鐨勫懡浠?鍥犱負(fù)man浣犲濂戒簡,灝辨病鏈変粈涔堝懡浠よ兘闅懼掍綘浜?=.=鏃犳晫浜?br>man鍙互鏌ョ殑涓嶄粎浠呮槸鍛戒護(hù)棰?褰撶劧,鍥犱負(fù)man鏄棤鏁岀殑鍢?ch)
鏈甯哥敤鍙傛暟:
man 闃挎媺浼暟瀛?br>闃挎媺浼暟瀛?: 鍙墽琛岀▼搴?涓鑸負(fù)鐢ㄦ埛瀹夎鐨勭▼搴?濡傛灉鎻愪緵浜唌anpages鐨勮瘽)鍜宻hell鍛戒護(hù)
闃挎媺浼暟瀛?: 緋葷粺璋冪敤(渚嬪 open璋冪敤,socket璋冪敤,chmod璋冪敤 絳夌瓑絳夌瓑),鍏堣manpages-dev鍏?br>闃挎媺浼暟瀛?: 搴撳嚱鏁拌皟鐢?渚嬪 man 3 printf),鍏堣manpages-dev鍏?br>…….
褰撲綘鎵цman ls 鏃? 鍜?man 1 ls緇撴灉鏄竴鏍風(fēng)殑,鍥犱負(fù)ls鍦╩an鎵嬪唽涓彧鏈変竴涓叆鍙?br>褰撲綘鎯崇湅chmod璋冪敤鐨勬墜鍐岄〉鏃?灝辮鐗瑰埆鎸囧畾 man 2 chmod浜唦~鍥犱負(fù)chmod涓嶆鏈変竴涓叆鍙?br>鍦╩an鐨勬椂鍊?鍙互閫氳繃j,k涓婁笅縐誨姩(鍜寁i涓被浼?,鍙互閫氳繃/鏌ヨ,閫氳繃n,N鏌ユ壘涓嬩釜,涓婁釜鍖歸厤(鍜寁i綾諱技)
q閫鍑?涔熷拰vi綾諱技….)
姣旇緝鏈夋剰鎬濈殑涓鐐?
鐢變簬man 鏈韓鏄釜鍛戒護(hù),鎵浠?榪瀖an閮芥槸鍙互man鐨?=.=
mkdir:
鍒涘緩涓涓洰褰?br>鏈甯哥敤鍙傛暟:
-p 鈥?濡傛灉緇欏嚭鐨勮礬寰勪腑鐖剁洰褰曚笉瀛樺湪,鍒欏悓鏃跺垱寤虹埗鐩綍
mount:
鎸傝澆鏂囦歡緋葷粺(鍙悊瑙ｄ負(fù)鎸傝澆涓涓垎鍖?
鏈甯哥敤鍙傛暟:
-t 鈥?鎸囧畾鏂囦歡緋葷粺綾誨瀷,姣斿iso9660(鎸傝澆iso闀滃儚涓哄厜鐩?鐩稿綋浜庤櫄鎷熷厜椹?,ntfs,ext3,rfs絳夌瓑
-l 鈥?鍒楀嚭鎵鏈夊凡緇忔寕杞界殑鏂囦歡緋葷粺,鏀寔鍗鋒爣
-a 鈥?鎸傝澆fstab涓褰曠殑鎵鏈夊垎鍖?br>-n 鈥?鎸傝澆鐨勬椂鍊欎笉鍐欏叆/etc/mtab
-o 鈥?鐩稿綋甯哥敤鐨勪竴涓弬鏁?鎸囧畾鎸傝澆鏂囦歡緋葷粺鐨?#8221;閫夐」”,姣斿noatime,鐢ㄦ潵鎸傝澆BT涓撶敤鍒嗗尯寰堝悎閫?br>mv:
縐誨姩鎴栬呮洿鍚嶆枃浠?鍙栧喅浜庣洰鐨勭洰褰曟槸鍚︿負(fù)褰撳墠鐩綍
鏈甯哥敤鍙傛暟:
-b 鈥?涓烘瘡涓凡緇忓瓨鍦ㄧ殑鐩殑鏂囦歡鍋氫釜澶囦喚(闃叉瑕嗙洊)
-f 鈥?涓嶆彁紺烘槸鍚﹁鐩栧凡緇忓瓨鍦ㄧ殑鐩殑鏂囦歡
-i 鈥?涓?f鍙傛暟鐩稿弽
-u 鈥?浠呭綋婧愭枃浠舵瘮鐩殑鏂囦歡鏇存柊鎴栬呯洰鐨勬枃浠朵笉瀛樺湪鏃跺欐墠縐誨姩
-v 鈥?鏄劇ず縐誨姩鏂囦歡鐨勮繘搴?涓漢鎬繪槸鎺ㄨ崘浣跨敤姝ゅ弬鏁?鏄庣櫧浣犲湪鍋氫粈涔?
ps,top:
鍒楀嚭褰撳墠鍛戒護(hù)鐨勬墽琛岀姸鎬?ps涓洪潤鎬?top涓哄姩鎬?top鏃?#8217;q'閫鍑?
ps:榪欎釜鍛戒護(hù)鏈漢鏇村父鐢ㄤ簺,鎺ㄨ崘緇欎綘鐪嬬湅=.=
鏈甯哥敤鍙傛暟(ps澶氱敤鍙傛暟闆嗗悎,鑰屼笉鏄崟涓弬鏁?騫朵笖閰嶅悎grep浣跨敤)
-ef 鈥?浠ユ爣鍑嗚娉曞垪鍑哄綋鍓嶆墍鏈夎繘紼嬬姸鎬?渚嬪ps -ef | grep eva #鍒楀嚭eva鐨勮繘紼嬬姸鎬?br>aux 鈥?浠SD璇硶鍒楀嚭………………………………..
-ejH 鈥?鍒楀嚭榪涚▼鏍?br>-eLf 鈥?鍚屾椂鍒楀嚭綰跨▼鐘舵?/p>
rm, rmdir:
rm:鍒犻櫎鏂囦歡鎴栫洰褰?rmdir:鍒犻櫎涓涓┖鐩綍(姝ゅ懡浠や釜浜鴻涓烘病鍟ョ敤,鍙互鐢╮m -r鏇夸唬)
rm鏈甯哥敤鍙傛暟:
-f 鈥?涓嶆彁紺轟笉瀛樺湪鐨勬枃浠?鐩存帴璺寵繃
-i 鈥?姣忎釜鍒犻櫎鍔ㄤ綔閮芥彁紺?(=.= 鍒犻櫎澶氱殑璇濆矀涓嶆槸鐑︽)
-I 鈥?鍒犻櫎澶氫釜鏂囦歡(澶氫簬3涓椂)鎴栬呴掑綊寮忓垹闄?瀵逛簬闈炵┖鐩綍)鎻愮ず涓嬈?br>-r鍜?R 鈥?閫掑綊寮忓垹闄よ鐩綍涓嬬殑涓鍒囦笢涓?br>-v 鈥?鏄劇ず姣忎釜鏂囦歡鐨勫垹闄ゅ姩浣?涓漢鎬繪槸鎺ㄨ崘浣跨敤姝ゅ弬鏁?鏄庣櫧浣犲湪鍋氫粈涔?
sudo,su:
榪欏ぇ姒傛槸瑁呭ソ緋葷粺涔嬪悗絎竴涓鐢ㄧ殑鍛戒護(hù)鍚?
sudo鎴戜滑涓昏鐢ㄦ潵涓存椂鎻愬崌鏉冮檺,涓昏鐢ㄤ互綆＄悊鍛?瓚呯駭鐢ㄦ埛)鐨勬潈闄愭潵榪愯鍛戒護(hù),褰撻渶瑕佷慨鏀瑰綋鍓嶇櫥褰曠敤鎴峰姏鎵涓嶈兘鍙?qiáng)鐨勬枃錃g/鐩綍
鏃墮渶瑕佺敤sudo,鎴栬卻u -c,褰撶劧sudo鍜宻u鐨勪綔鐢ㄨ寖鍥翠笉浠呬粎濡傛
鍙互浣跨敤visudo鏉ョ紪杈?etc/sudoers鏂囦歡鏉ヤ慨鏀箂udo鏇磋緇嗙殑鍔ㄤ綔(姣斿璁頒綇瀵嗙爜鐨勬椂闂存埑闀垮害),璇瘋皚鎱庝慨鏀?
sh:
鍦ㄧ粓绔В閲婃墽琛?br>綾諱技浜?#8217;./’鐨勫艦寮?浣哖T緇欎簡涓嶅悓鐐? ‘./’浠呬粎瀵瑰綋鍓嶇洰褰曚笅鏈夋墽琛屾潈闄愮殑紼嬪簭鎵嶆湁鏁?’sh’鍒欎笉綆¤繖濂?br>鎯蟲兂涔熸槸鍝? ‘./’浠呬粎鏄粰鍑轟簡涓涓枃浠剁殑璺緞(鍦ㄥ綋鍓嶇洰褰曚笅)鑰屽凡, 浣嗚繖涓枃浠惰兘涓嶈兘鎵ц灝變笉濂借浜?br>鎵浠ョ敤sh鎬繪槸姝ｇ‘鐨?/p>
shutdown:
鍏抽棴緋葷粺,濡傛灉鍋滅暀鍦═TY,璇鋒敼鐢╤alt, poweroff絳夊懡浠?br>甯哥敤鍙傛暟:
+m 鈥?鎸囧畾鍏蟲満寤惰繜鐨勫垎閽?br>-c 鈥?鍙栨秷涓涓瓑寰呭叧鏈虹殑璇鋒眰(鍏蟲帀榪愯姝ゅ懡浠ょ殑緇堢涔熷彲:))
now 鈥?绔嬪嵆鍏蟲満
hh:mm 鈥?鎵嬪姩鎸囧畾鏃墮棿(浠?4灝忔椂璁?
tar:
鎵撳寘/瑙ｅ寘
榪欎釜tar涓嶅璇翠簡鍚?.鍒板閮芥槸tar.gz,tar.bz2鐨勪笢涓?br>鍜宲s鍛戒護(hù)涓鏍?tar涓鑸笉鐢ㄥ崟涓弬鏁?鑰屾槸澶氫釜鍙傛暟鐨勭粍鍚?璁頒綇鍙傛暟x鏄В鍘?extract),c鏄垱寤哄寘(creat)鍗沖彲
鏈甯哥敤鍙傛暟:
-xvf 鈥?璇︾粏鍒楀嚭瑙ｅ寘鐨勬楠?br>-cvf 鈥?璇︾粏鍒楀嚭鎵撳寘鐨勬楠?br>-j 鈥?鐢ㄦ潵璇存槑榪欐槸涓猼ar.bz2鍖?渚嬪tar -xjvf myfile.tar.bz2
-t 鈥?鍒楀嚭鍖呬腑鐨勬枃浠跺垪琛?br>鈥?#8211;鎵撳寘鏃跺父榪藉姞鐨勫弬鏁?
-r 鈥?榪藉姞鍒板帇緙╁寘涓?br>-u 鈥?鍙妸姣斿寘涓洿鏂扮殑鏂囦歡榪藉姞榪涘幓
-h 鈥?涓嶆妸絎﹀彿閾炬帴娣誨姞鍒板寘涓?鑰屾槸娣誨姞姝ょ鍙烽摼鎺ユ寚鍚戠殑鏂囦歡
闄勫姞璇存槑:tar鏄釜澶己澶х殑涓滀笢,甯哥敤鐨勬搷浣滀篃灝辨槸鎵撳寘瑙ｅ寘,楂樼駭鍔熻兘榪樻槸鍙傞槄man =.=
touch:
鏀瑰彉鏂囦歡鏃墮棿鎴?榛樿鍖呮嫭淇敼鏃墮棿鍜屽垱寤烘椂闂?榛樿淇敼涓哄綋鍓嶆椂闂?榛樿濡傛灉鏂囦歡涓嶅瓨鍦ㄥ氨鏂板緩(=.=鏄笉鏄緢緗楀棪)
棰?#8220;宸笉澶氬氨鏀墮泦浜嗚繖涔堝,鎰熻阿Ubuntu Linux緹?46603737),鍒嗙兢(514034120)浼楄彍鐨勫府鍔?/p>
鏈枃鐨勭洰鐨勫緢鏄庣‘,鍙柟渚胯彍楦?涓嶆敹褰曢珮綰у懡浠?/p>
濡傛灉榪樻湁綾諱技鍛戒護(hù)娌℃湁鎻愬強(qiáng)鐨?鍦ㄨ瘎璁轟腑琛ュ厖鍗沖彲:)
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