1銆佸畨瑁呬互rpm鏂瑰紡鎻愪緵鐨勮蔣浠?br>Rpm(the red hat package manager)鏄竴涓紑鏀劇殑杞歡鍖呯鐞嗙郴緇熴?br>鍔熻兘錛氬彲浠ュ畨瑁呭拰鍗歌澆RPM鍖呯殑杞歡
#rpm –ivh *.rpm 瀹夎RPM鍖咃紱
#rpm –ivh –force *.rpm 鍦ㄥ師鍏堝畨瑁呯殑鍩虹涓婂啀寮鴻瀹夎涓嬈★紱
#rpm –Uvh *.rpm 鍗囩駭rpm鍖?br>#rpm –qa 鏌ユ壘鍒楀嚭緋葷粺涓墍鏈夊畨瑁呯殑rpm鍖?br>#rpm –q sendmail錛氭煡鐪媠endmail鍖呯殑鎯呭喌
#rpm –ql sendmail:鏌ョ湅sendmail瀹夎鐨勪綅緗?br>#rpm –e *.rpm 鍗歌澆rpm鍖?br>#rpm - qlp name.rpm 鏌ョ湅name.rpm鏈夊摢浜涙枃浠?br>#rpm - qf name.rpm 鏌ョ湅宸茬粡瑁呭ソ鐨勬枃浠跺睘浜庡摢涓猺pm鍖?br>#rpm2cpio filename.rpm 浣跨敤“rpm2cpio”鏉ヤ粠RPM鏂囨。涓彁鍙栨枃浠?br>
2. 瀹夎浠ユ簮浠ｇ爜鏂瑰紡鎻愪緵鐨勮蔣浠?br>錛?錛夈佽В鍖呰В鍘嬶細
#tar –xzvf *.tar.gz 瑙ｅ寘瑙ｅ帇鍚庝細鍦ㄥ綋鍓嶇洰褰曚笅寤虹珛涓涓瓙鐩綍,濡倄xxx
錛?錛夈?cd xxxx
錛?錛夈?./configure
錛?錛夈?make
錛?錛夈?make install
3.Find浣跨敤鑼冧緥
find . -name ls.txt
find . -name ls.txt –print
find / -name ‘c??’ –print
find / -name ‘f*’ –print
find . -name ‘f*’ –exec ls –l { } \;
find . -name f\* –ok rm { } \; 錛堜氦浜掑紡鎻愰棶錛?br>find . -perm 644 –mtime 4
find . -name ‘c??’ –o -name ‘d??’
4. grep
鍔熻兘錛氬湪鏂囦歡涓悳瀵誨尮閰嶇殑琛屽茍榪涜杈撳嚭
璇硶錛歡rep [鍙傛暟]<瑕佹壘鐨勫瓧涓?gt;<鍘熸枃浠?gt;
-num:杈撳嚭鍖歸厤琛屽墠鍚庡悇num琛岀殑鍐呭
-A num:杈撳嚭鍖歸厤琛屽悗num琛岀殑鍐呭
-B num:杈撳嚭鍖歸厤琛屽墠num琛岀殑鍐呭
-i錛氬拷鐣ュぇ灝忓啓鐨勫尯鍒?br>-v:鍙樉紺哄嚭閭ｄ簺涓嶅寘鎷煇瀛椾覆鐨勮鍜屾枃浠訛紝鍜岄粯璁ょ殑鐩稿弽
5. mkdir
鍔熻兘錛氬垱寤轟竴涓洰褰曪紙綾諱技MSDOS涓嬬殑md鍛戒護錛夈?br>璇硶錛歮kdir [閫夐」] dir-name
- m 瀵規柊寤虹洰褰曡緗瓨鍙栨潈闄愩備篃鍙互鐢╟hmod鍛戒護璁劇疆銆?br>- p 鍙互鏄竴涓礬寰勫悕縐般傛鏃惰嫢璺緞涓殑鏌愪簺鐩綍灝氫笉瀛樺湪錛?nbsp;鍔犱笂姝ら夐」鍚庯紝 緋葷粺灝嗚嚜鍔ㄥ緩绔嬪ソ閭ｄ簺灝氫笉瀛樺湪鐨勭洰褰曪紝鍗充竴嬈″彲浠ュ緩绔嬪涓洰褰曘?br>#mkdir –m a=rwx test
#mkdir –m u=rwx,g=rx,o=rx test1
#mkdir –m 755 test2
#mkdir –p test3/test4(test3鍜宼est4鍧囦負鏂扮洰褰曪級
6銆乺mdir
鍔熻兘錛氬垹闄ょ┖鐩綍銆?br>璇硶錛歳mdir [閫夐」] dir-name
- p 閫掑綊鍒犻櫎鐩綍dirname錛屽綋瀛愮洰褰曞垹闄ゅ悗鍏剁埗鐩綍涓虹┖鏃訛紝涔熶竴鍚岃鍒犻櫎銆?br>7銆乫ile
鍔熻兘錛氭煡鐪嬫枃浠剁被鍨?br>璇硶錛歠ile 鏂囦歡鍚?br>
8銆乧at
鍔熻兘錛氭煡鐪嬫枃鏈枃浠剁殑鍐呭
璇硶錛歝at 鏂囦歡鍚?br>9銆乵ore
鍔熻兘錛氬垎灞忔樉紺烘枃鏈枃浠剁殑鍐呭銆?br>10銆乴ess
鍔熻兘錛氭樉紺烘枃鏈枃浠剁殑鍐呭錛屽彲浣跨敤pageup鍜宲agedown涓婄炕欏典笅緲婚〉銆?br>
11銆乭ead
鍔熻兘錛氭煡鐪嬫枃浠剁殑寮澶撮儴鍒嗗唴瀹?br>璇硶錛歨ead [琛屾暟] 鏂囦歡鍚?br>鐢ㄦ硶錛?head test.txt:鏄劇ず鍓?0琛屽唴瀹?br>#head -20 test.txt 鏄劇ず鍓?0琛屽唴瀹廣?br>12銆乼ail
鍔熻兘錛氭煡鐪嬫枃浠剁殑緇撳熬閮ㄥ垎鍐呭銆?br>璇硶錛歵ail [琛屾暟] 鏂囦歡鍚?br>榛樿鐨勮鏁頒負10琛屻?br>
13銆乻ort
鍔熻兘錛氬鏂囨湰鏂囦歡涓殑鍚勮榪涜鎺掑簭
鐢ㄦ硶錛歴ort 鏂囦歡鍚?br>渚嬶細#sort 123.txt >456.txt 灝?23.txt鎺掑簭鍚庨噸瀹氬悜鍒?56.txt鏂囦歡涓?br>14銆乽niq
鍔熻兘錛氬皢閲嶅琛屼粠杈撳嚭鏂囦歡涓垹闄わ紝鍙暀涓嬫瘡鏉¤褰曠殑鍞竴鏍鋒湰
璇硶錛?nbsp;uniq 鏂囦歡鍚?br>#uniq 456.txt鏂囦歡涓殑閲嶅琛屽垹闄ゅ悗杈撳嚭
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Command錛堝懡浠わ級妯″紡錛岀敤浜庤緭鍏ュ懡浠わ紱
Insert錛堟彃鍏ワ級妯″紡錛岀敤浜庢彃鍏ユ枃鏈紱
Visual錛堝彲瑙嗭級妯″紡錛岀敤浜庤鍖栫殑鐨勯珮浜茍閫夊畾姝ｆ枃
榛樿妯″紡鏄疌ommand,褰撴垜浠寜ESC閿悗錛屾帴鐫鍐嶈緭鍏?鍙鋒椂錛岃繘鍏ommand妯″紡
:wq 寮哄埗鎬у啓鍏ユ枃浠跺茍閫鍑恒傚嵆浣挎枃浠舵病鏈夎淇敼涔熷己鍒跺啓鍏ワ紝騫舵洿鏂版枃浠剁殑淇敼鏃墮棿銆?br> :x 鍐欏叆鏂囦歡騫墮鍑恒備粎褰撴枃浠惰淇敼鏃舵墠鍐欏叆錛屽茍鏇存柊鏂囦歡淇敼鏃墮棿錛屽惁鍒欎笉浼氭洿鏂版枃浠朵慨鏀規椂闂淬?br> 榪欎袱鑰呬竴鑸儏鍐典笅娌′粈涔堜笉涓鏍鳳紝浣嗘槸鍦ㄧ紪紼嬫柟闈紝瀵圭紪杈戞簮鏂囦歡鍙兘浼氫駭鐢熼噸瑕佸獎鍝嶃傚洜涓烘枃浠跺嵆浣挎病鏈変慨鏀癸紝":wq"寮哄埗鏇存柊鏂囦歡鐨勪慨鏀規椂闂達紝榪欐牱浼氳make緙栬瘧鏁翠釜欏圭洰鏃朵互涓烘枃浠惰淇敼榪囦簡錛岀劧鍚庡氨寰楅噸鏂扮紪璇戦摼鎺ョ敓鎴愬彲鎵ц鏂囦歡銆傝繖鍙兘浼氫駭鐢熻浜鴻瑙ｇ殑鍚庢灉錛屽綋鐒朵篃浜х敓浜嗕笉蹇呰鐨勭郴緇熻祫婧愯姳閿銆?span style="COLOR: red">寤鴻鐢?x
:w 淇濆瓨錛?br> :w filename 鍙﹀瓨涓篺ilename錛?br> :wq! 淇濆瓨閫鍑猴紱
:wq! filename 娉細浠ilename涓烘枃浠跺悕淇濆瓨鍚庨鍑猴紱
:q! 涓嶄繚瀛橀鍑猴紱
2
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鐢ㄨ鍏鋒湁浜茬紭鍏崇郴榪涚▼闂寸殑閫氫俊
鍖垮悕涓嬈℃т嬌鐢ㄧ殑錛屽崐鍙屽伐銆備竴涓繘紼嬪線杈撳嚭绔啓綆￠亾錛屽彟涓涓繘紼嬩粠杈撳叆绔綆￠亾銆?br> #include<unistd.h>
int pipe(int fd[2]);
fd[0]:琛ㄧず璇葷
fd[1]:琛ㄧず鍐欑
2銆佹湁鍚嶇閬?named pipe)
鍏佽鏃犱翰緙樺叧緋昏繘紼嬮棿鐨勯氫俊
鏈夊悕綆￠亾錛屼綔涓虹壒鍒枃浠跺瓨鍌ㄤ簬鏂囦歡緋葷粺涓傛湁鍚嶇閬撲竴鏃﹀緩绔嬪氨瀛樺湪浜庢枃浠剁郴緇熶腑錛岄櫎闈炴樉紺虹殑unlink
#include<sys/tpes.h>
#include<sys/stat.h>
int mknod(const char *path,mode_t mod,dev_t dev);
int mkfifo(const char *path,mode_t mode);
path:鍒涘緩鏈夊悕綆￠亾鐨勫叏璺緞鍚?br> mod:鍒涘緩鏈夊悕綆￠亾鐨勬ā寮忥紝鎸囧瓨鍙栨潈闄?br> dev:璁懼鍊鹼紝璇ュ煎彇鍐充簬鏂囦歡鍒涘緩鐨勭綾伙紝瀹冨彧鍦ㄥ垱寤鴻澶囨枃浠舵椂鎵嶄細鐢ㄥ埌
娉ㄦ剰:鏈夊悕綆￠亾鍒涘緩鍚庡氨鍙互浣跨敤浜嗭紝鏈夊悕綆￠亾鍜岀閬撶殑浣跨敤鏂規硶鍩烘湰鏄浉鍚岀殑銆傚彧鏄嬌鐢ㄦ湁鍚嶇閬撶殑鏃跺欏繀欏誨厛璋冪敤open()灝嗗叾鎵撳紑
鍥犱負鏈夊悕綆￠亾鏄竴涓瓨鍦ㄤ簬紜洏涓婄殑鏂囦歡錛岃岀閬撴槸瀛樺湪浜庡唴瀛樹腑鐨勭壒孌婃枃浠?/p>
涓嬮潰鐨勭▼搴忎竴涓綆￠亾錛屽彟涓涓啓綆￠亾錛岃繖涓や釜鍑芥暟鐢ㄧ殑鏄潪闃誨璇誨啓綆￠亾
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#define FIFO "/tmp/myfifo"
main(int argc, char** argv)
{
char buf_r[100];
int fd;
int nread;
if((mkfifo(FIFO,O_CREAT|O_EXCL)<0)&&(errno!=EEXIST))
printf("cannot create fifoserver\n");
printf("Preparing for reading bytes...\n");
memset(buf_r,0,sizeof(buf_r));
fd=open(FIFO,O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK,0);
if(fd==-1)
{
perror("open");
exit(1);
}
while(1)
{
memset(buf_r,0,sizeof(buf_r));
if((nread=read(fd,buf_r,100))==-1){
if(errno==EAGAIN)
printf("no data yet\n");
}
printf("read %s from FIFO\n",buf_r);
sleep(1);
}
pause();
unlink(FIFO);
}
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#define FIFO "/tmp/myfifo"
main(int argc,char** argv)
{
int fd;
char w_buf[100];
int nwrite;
if(fd==-1)
if(errno==ENXIO)
printf("open error; no reading process\n");
fd=open(FIFO,O_WRONLY|O_NONBLOCK,0);
if(argc==1)
printf("Please send something\n");
strcpy(w_buf,argv[1]);
if((nwrite=write(fd,w_buf,100))==-1)
{
if(errno==EAGAIN)
printf("The FIFO has not been read yet.Please try later\n");
}
else
printf("write %s to the FIFO\n",w_buf);
}
3銆佷俊鍙烽噺
涓昏鐢ㄤ簬榪涚▼闂村強鍚屼竴榪涚▼涓嶅悓綰跨▼涔嬮棿鐨勫悓姝ユ墜孌?/p>
4銆佹秷鎭槦鍒?/p>
鍏嬫湇淇″彿閲忔湁闄愶紝鍙啓鍙
5銆佷俊鍙鳳紙Signal錛?/p>
姣旇緝澶嶆潅錛岀敤浜庨氱煡鎺ュ彈榪涚▼鏈夋煇浜嬪彂鐢?/p>
6銆佸叡浜唴瀛?/p>
鏈鏈夌敤鐨勮繘紼嬮棿閫氫俊鏂瑰紡錛屼嬌寰楀涓繘紼嬪彲璁塊棶鍚屼互鍐呭瓨絀洪棿錛屼絾闇瑕佷緷闈犳煇縐嶅悓姝ユ満鍒?/p>
絎竴姝ワ細鍒涘緩鍏變韓鍐呭瓨
絎簩姝ワ細鏄犲皠鍏變韓鍐呭瓨
7銆佸鎺ュ瓧
涓嶅悓鏈哄櫒涔嬮棿閫氫俊
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