制作印章來說，主要是如何讓字均勻的顯示在弧線段上，那么一般的印章要么以圓或者橢圓為底圖，不過這兩者的算法大致相同，為了方便說明，如下就用相對簡單的圓來舉例說明，如果需要做橢圓的話，可以在我的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展，因?yàn)楹诵乃惴ㄊ且粯拥模鄬τ趫A來說，橢圓求弧長以及各個(gè)字符的位置，這兩點(diǎn)相對麻煩些，但是這兩者都可找到相應(yīng)的數(shù)學(xué)公式。
這里首先提一點(diǎn)，我這篇文章部分借鑒了codeproject的一個(gè)例子，原文可以參看如下地址。
http://www.codeproject.com/vb/net/Text_on_Path_with_VBNET.asp
（說實(shí)話，這篇文章寫得有些亂，而且對于buffer的操作近乎于瘋狂）
由于印章的實(shí)現(xiàn)相對于這篇文章來說，相對簡單多了，而且規(guī)律性很強(qiáng)，因此我自己考慮重新組織算法進(jìn)行實(shí)現(xiàn)。
那么實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)印章，大致步驟如下。
1． 計(jì)算字符串總長度，以及各個(gè)字符的長度；
2． 計(jì)算出字符串的起始角度；
3． 求出每個(gè)字符的所在的點(diǎn)，以及相對于中心的角度；
4． 繪制每個(gè)字符。
計(jì)算字符串總長度，以及各個(gè)字符的長度
這里需要用到“Graphics.MeasureString”和“Graphics.MeasureCharacterRanges”這兩個(gè)方法，由于前者算出來的總長度有問題，所以需要后面進(jìn)行重新計(jì)算（此外，這里我還考慮了字符最后顯示方向）。
這部分的代碼如下：
/// <summary>
/// Compute string total length and every char length
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sText"></param>
/// <param name="g"></param>
/// <param name="fCharWidth"></param>
/// <param name="fIntervalWidth"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private float ComputeStringLength( string sText, Graphics g, float[] fCharWidth,
float fIntervalWidth,
Char_Direction Direction )
{
// Init string format
StringFormat sf = new StringFormat();
sf.Trimming = StringTrimming.None;
sf.FormatFlags = StringFormatFlags.NoClip | StringFormatFlags.NoWrap
| StringFormatFlags.LineLimit;
// Measure whole string length
SizeF size = g.MeasureString( sText, _font, (int)_font.Style );
RectangleF rect = new RectangleF( 0f,0f, size.Width, size.Height );
// Measure every character size
CharacterRange[] crs = new CharacterRange[sText.Length];
for( int i = 0; i < sText.Length; i++ )
crs[i] = new CharacterRange( i, 1 );
// Reset string format
sf.FormatFlags = StringFormatFlags.NoClip;
sf.SetMeasurableCharacterRanges( crs );
sf.Alignment = StringAlignment.Near;
// Get every character size
Region[] regs = g.MeasureCharacterRanges( sText,
_font, rect, sf );
// Re-compute whole string length with space interval width
float fTotalWidth = 0f;
for( int i = 0; i < regs.Length; i++ )
{
if( Direction == Char_Direction.Center || Direction == Char_Direction.OutSide )
fCharWidth[i] = regs[i].GetBounds( g ).Width;
else
fCharWidth[i] = regs[i].GetBounds( g ).Height;
fTotalWidth += fCharWidth[i] + fIntervalWidth;
}
fTotalWidth -= fIntervalWidth;//Remove the last interval width
return fTotalWidth;
}
計(jì)算出字符串的起始角度
為了更好地開展文章，那么首先說說在我這篇文章中，坐標(biāo)的度數(shù)位置。詳情參看如下圖示。
對于圖形角度分布有個(gè)概念后，那么對于整個(gè)字符串所跨的弧度以及起始弧度的計(jì)算，就相對比較簡單了。具體如下：
// Compute arc's start-angle and end-angle
double fStartAngle, fSweepAngle;
fSweepAngle = fTotalWidth * 360 / ( _rectcircle.Width * Math.PI );
fStartAngle = 270 - fSweepAngle / 2;
求出每個(gè)字符的所在的點(diǎn)，以及相對于中心的角度
這一部分相對要麻煩些，大致步驟如下。
1． 通過字符長度，求出字符所跨的弧度；
2． 根據(jù)字符所跨的弧度，以及字符起始位置，算出字符的中心位置所對應(yīng)的角度；
3． 由于相對中心的角度已知，根據(jù)三角公式很容易算出字符所在弧上的點(diǎn)，如下圖所示；
4． 根據(jù)字符長度以及間隔距離，算出下一個(gè)字符的起始角度；
5． 重復(fù)1直至整個(gè)字符串結(jié)束。
那么這部分的具體代碼如下。
/// <summary>
/// Compute every char position
/// </summary>
/// <param name="CharWidth"></param>
/// <param name="recChars"></param>
/// <param name="CharAngle"></param>
/// <param name="StartAngle"></param>
private void ComputeCharPos(
float[] CharWidth,
PointF[] recChars,
double[] CharAngle,
double StartAngle )
{
double fSweepAngle, fCircleLength;
//Compute the circumference
fCircleLength = _rectcircle.Width * Math.PI;
for( int i = 0; i < CharWidth.Length; i++ )
{
//Get char sweep angle
fSweepAngle = CharWidth[i] * 360 / fCircleLength;
//Set point angle
CharAngle[i] = StartAngle + fSweepAngle / 2;
//Get char position
if( CharAngle[i] < 270f )
recChars[i] = new PointF(
_rectcircle.X + _rectcircle.Width / 2
-(float)( _rectcircle.Width / 2 *
Math.Sin( Math.Abs( CharAngle[i] - 270 ) * Math.PI / 180 ) ) ,
_rectcircle.Y + _rectcircle.Width / 2
-(float)( _rectcircle.Width / 2 * Math.Cos(
Math.Abs( CharAngle[i] - 270 ) * Math.PI / 180 ) ) );
else
recChars[i] = new PointF(
_rectcircle.X + _rectcircle.Width / 2
+(float)( _rectcircle.Width / 2 *
Math.Sin( Math.Abs( CharAngle[i] - 270 ) * Math.PI / 180 ) ) ,
_rectcircle.Y + _rectcircle.Width / 2
-(float)( _rectcircle.Width / 2 * Math.Cos(
Math.Abs( CharAngle[i] - 270 ) * Math.PI / 180 ) ) );
//Get total sweep angle with interval space
fSweepAngle = ( CharWidth[i] + _letterspace ) * 360 / fCircleLength;
StartAngle += fSweepAngle;
}
}
繪制每個(gè)字符
由于每個(gè)字符所在的點(diǎn)以及相對于圓心的角度都已經(jīng)計(jì)算出來，那么進(jìn)行繪制就相對簡單多了，這里只是通過Matrix來轉(zhuǎn)換一下坐標(biāo)而已。
具體代碼如下。
/// <summary>
/// Draw every rotated character
/// </summary>
/// <param name="g"></param>
/// <param name="_text"></param>
/// <param name="_angle"></param>
/// <param name="_PointCenter"></param>
private void DrawRotatedText( Graphics g, string _text, float _angle, PointF _PointCenter )
{
// Init format
StringFormat sf = new StringFormat();
sf.Alignment = StringAlignment.Center;
sf.LineAlignment = StringAlignment.Center;
// Create graphics path
GraphicsPath gp = new GraphicsPath( System.Drawing.Drawing2D.FillMode.Winding );
int x = (int)_PointCenter.X;
int y = (int)_PointCenter.Y;
// Add string
gp.AddString( _text, _font.FontFamily, (int)_font.Style,
_font.Size, new Point( x, y ), sf );
// Rotate string and draw it
Matrix m = new Matrix();
m.RotateAt( _angle, new PointF( x,y ) );
g.Transform = m;
g.DrawPath( new Pen( _color), gp );
g.FillPath( new SolidBrush( _fillcolor ), gp );
}
以上就是繪制印章的核心算法。對于這個(gè)類的調(diào)用，如下即可。
TextOnSeal _top = new TextOnSeal();
_top.TextFont = new Font("宋體", 16, FontStyle.Regular);
_top.FillColor = Color.Red;
_top.ColorTOP = Color.Black;
_top.Text = "中華人民共和國";
_top.BaseString = "愚翁專用章";
_top.ShowPath = true;
_top.LetterSpace = 20;
_top.SealSize = 180;
_top.CharDirection = Char_Direction.Center;
_top.SetIndent( 20 );
Graphics g = this.CreateGraphics();
g.DrawImage( _top.TextOnPathBitmap(), 0, 0 );
_top.CharDirection = Char_Direction.ClockWise;
g.DrawImage( _top.TextOnPathBitmap(), 180, 0 );
_top.CharDirection = Char_Direction.AntiClockWise;
g.DrawImage( _top.TextOnPathBitmap(), 0, 180 );
_top.SetIndent( 20 );
_top.CharDirection = Char_Direction.OutSide;
g.DrawImage( _top.TextOnPathBitmap(), 180, 180 );
通過如上的代碼，可以得到如下的效果。
其實(shí)如果做印章來說，還有很多地方需要細(xì)化，那么如果網(wǎng)友對此有興趣，可以在我的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展，在此我就不一一述說。
如下是整個(gè)類的完整代碼。
//--------------------------- TextOnSeal class ---------------------------------------
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//---File: TextOnSeal
//---Description: The class file to create seal bitmap with text
//---Author: Knight
//---Date: Nov.3, 2006
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//---------------------------{TextOnSeal class}---------------------------------------
namespace Seal
{
using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Drawing.Drawing2D;
using System.Diagnostics;
/// <summary>
/// Summary description for TextOnSeal.
/// </summary>
public class TextOnSeal
{
private string _text;
private Font _font;
private Color _pathcolor = Color.Red;
private Color _color = Color.Black;
private Color _fillcolor = Color.Black;
private int _letterspace = 10;
private bool _showpath = true;
private Rectangle _rectcircle;
private Rectangle _rect;
private int _intentlength = 10;
private Char_Direction _chardirect = Char_Direction.Center;
private int _degree = 90;
private string _basestring;
#region Class_Properties
public Char_Direction CharDirection
{
get { return _chardirect; }
set
{
if (_chardirect != value)
{
_chardirect = value;
switch (_chardirect)
{
case Char_Direction.Center:
_degree = 90;
break;
case Char_Direction.ClockWise:
_degree = 0;
break;
case Char_Direction.OutSide:
_degree = -90;
break;
case Char_Direction.AntiClockWise:
_degree = 180;
break;
}
}
}
}
public string BaseString
{
get { return _basestring; }
set { _basestring = value; }
}
public string Text
{
get { return _text; }
set { _text = value; }
}
public Font TextFont
{
get { return _font; }
set { _font = value; }
}
public Color PathColor
{
get { return _pathcolor; }
set { _pathcolor = value; }
}
public Color ColorTOP
{
get { return _color; }
set { _color = value; }
}
public Color FillColor
{
get { return _fillcolor; }
set { _fillcolor = value; }
}
public int LetterSpace
{
get { return _letterspace; }
set { _letterspace = value; }
}
public bool ShowPath
{
get { return _showpath; }
set { _showpath = value; }
}
public int SealSize
{
set
{
_rect = new Rectangle(0, 0, value, value);
_rectcircle = new Rectangle(
new Point(_rect.X + _intentlength, _rect.Y + _intentlength),
new Size(_rect.Width - 2 * _intentlength, _rect.Height - 2 * _intentlength));
}
}
#endregion {Class_Properties}
public void SetIndent(int IntentLength)
{
_intentlength = IntentLength;
_rectcircle = new Rectangle(_intentlength, _intentlength,
_rect.Width - _intentlength * 2, _rect.Height - _intentlength * 2);
}
public TextOnSeal()
{
//
// TODO: Add constructor logic here
//
}
public Bitmap TextOnPathBitmap(
Rectangle rectCircle,
string strText,
Font fntText,
Color clrColor,
Color clrFill,
int nPercentage)
{
_rect = rectCircle;
_rectcircle = new Rectangle(
new Point(_rect.X + _intentlength, _rect.Y + _intentlength),
new Size(_rect.Width - 2 * _intentlength, _rect.Height - 2 * _intentlength));
_text = strText;
_font = fntText;
_color = clrColor;
_fillcolor = clrFill;
_letterspace = nPercentage;
return TextOnPathBitmap();
}
/// <summary>
/// Compute string total length and every char length
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sText"></param>
/// <param name="g"></param>
/// <param name="fCharWidth"></param>
/// <param name="fIntervalWidth"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private float ComputeStringLength(string sText, Graphics g, float[] fCharWidth,
float fIntervalWidth,
Char_Direction Direction)
{
// Init string format
StringFormat sf = new StringFormat();
sf.Trimming = StringTrimming.None;
sf.FormatFlags = StringFormatFlags.NoClip | StringFormatFlags.NoWrap
| StringFormatFlags.LineLimit;
// Measure whole string length
SizeF size = g.MeasureString(sText, _font, (int)_font.Style);
RectangleF rect = new RectangleF(0f, 0f, size.Width, size.Height);
// Measure every character size
CharacterRange[] crs = new CharacterRange[sText.Length];
for (int i = 0; i < sText.Length; i++)
crs[i] = new CharacterRange(i, 1);
// Reset string format
sf.FormatFlags = StringFormatFlags.NoClip;
sf.SetMeasurableCharacterRanges(crs);
sf.Alignment = StringAlignment.Near;
// Get every character size
Region[] regs = g.MeasureCharacterRanges(sText,
_font, rect, sf);
// Re-compute whole string length with space interval width
float fTotalWidth = 0f;
for (int i = 0; i < regs.Length; i++)
{
if (Direction == Char_Direction.Center || Direction == Char_Direction.OutSide)
fCharWidth[i] = regs[i].GetBounds(g).Width;
else
fCharWidth[i] = regs[i].GetBounds(g).Height;
fTotalWidth += fCharWidth[i] + fIntervalWidth;
}
fTotalWidth -= fIntervalWidth;//Remove the last interval width
return fTotalWidth;
}
/// <summary>
/// Compute every char position
/// </summary>
/// <param name="CharWidth"></param>
/// <param name="recChars"></param>
/// <param name="CharAngle"></param>
/// <param name="StartAngle"></param>
private void ComputeCharPos(
float[] CharWidth,
PointF[] recChars,
double[] CharAngle,
double StartAngle)
{
double fSweepAngle, fCircleLength;
//Compute the circumference
fCircleLength = _rectcircle.Width * Math.PI;
for (int i = 0; i < CharWidth.Length; i++)
{
//Get char sweep angle
fSweepAngle = CharWidth[i] * 360 / fCircleLength;
//Set point angle
CharAngle[i] = StartAngle + fSweepAngle / 2;
//Get char position
if (CharAngle[i] < 270f)
recChars[i] = new PointF(
_rectcircle.X + _rectcircle.Width / 2
- (float)(_rectcircle.Width / 2 *
Math.Sin(Math.Abs(CharAngle[i] - 270) * Math.PI / 180)),
_rectcircle.Y + _rectcircle.Width / 2
- (float)(_rectcircle.Width / 2 * Math.Cos(
Math.Abs(CharAngle[i] - 270) * Math.PI / 180)));
else
recChars[i] = new PointF(
_rectcircle.X + _rectcircle.Width / 2
+ (float)(_rectcircle.Width / 2 *
Math.Sin(Math.Abs(CharAngle[i] - 270) * Math.PI / 180)),
_rectcircle.Y + _rectcircle.Width / 2
- (float)(_rectcircle.Width / 2 * Math.Cos(
Math.Abs(CharAngle[i] - 270) * Math.PI / 180)));
//Get total sweep angle with interval space
fSweepAngle = (CharWidth[i] + _letterspace) * 360 / fCircleLength;
StartAngle += fSweepAngle;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Generate seal bitmap
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public Bitmap TextOnPathBitmap()
{
// Create bitmap and graphics
Bitmap bit = new Bitmap(_rect.Width, _rect.Height);
Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bit);
// Compute string length in graphics
float[] fCharWidth = new float[_text.Length];
float fTotalWidth = ComputeStringLength(_text, g, fCharWidth,
_letterspace, _chardirect);
// Compute arc's start-angle and end-angle
double fStartAngle, fSweepAngle;
fSweepAngle = fTotalWidth * 360 / (_rectcircle.Width * Math.PI);
fStartAngle = 270 - fSweepAngle / 2;
// Compute every character's position and angle
PointF[] pntChars = new PointF[_text.Length];
double[] fCharAngle = new double[_text.Length];
ComputeCharPos(fCharWidth, pntChars, fCharAngle, fStartAngle);
g.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.HighQuality;
g.CompositingQuality = CompositingQuality.HighQuality;
g.TextRenderingHint = System.Drawing.Text.TextRenderingHint.AntiAlias;
DrawSealBase(g);
// Draw every character
for (int i = 0; i < _text.Length; i++)
DrawRotatedText(g, _text[i].ToString(), (float)(fCharAngle[i] + _degree), pntChars[i]);
g.Dispose();
// Return bitmap
return bit;
}
/// <summary>
/// Draw seal base
/// </summary>
/// <param name="g"></param>
private void DrawSealBase(Graphics g)
{
// Draw background
g.FillRectangle(Brushes.Black, _rect);
g.FillEllipse(new SolidBrush(_fillcolor),
new Rectangle(1, 1, _rect.Width - 2, _rect.Height - 2));
g.FillEllipse(Brushes.White,
new Rectangle(4, 4, _rect.Width - 8, _rect.Height - 8));
// Draw start signal
StringFormat sf = new StringFormat();
string strStar = "★";
Font fnt = new Font(_font.FontFamily, _font.Size * 3);
sf.Alignment = StringAlignment.Center;
sf.LineAlignment = StringAlignment.Center;
SizeF siz = g.MeasureString(strStar, fnt);
g.DrawString(strStar, fnt, new SolidBrush(_fillcolor),
new RectangleF(_rect.Width / 2 - siz.Width / 2,
_rect.Height / 2 - siz.Height / 2,
siz.Width, siz.Height), sf);
// Draw base string
float[] fCharWidth = new float[_basestring.Length];
float fTotalWidths = ComputeStringLength(_basestring, g, fCharWidth, 0,
Char_Direction.Center);
float fLeftPos = (_rect.Width - fTotalWidths) / 2;
PointF pt;
for (int i = 0; i < _basestring.Length; i++)
{
pt = new PointF(fLeftPos + fCharWidth[i] / 2,
_rect.Height / 2 + siz.Height / 2 + 10);
DrawRotatedText(g, _basestring[i].ToString(), 0, pt);
fLeftPos += fCharWidth[i];
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Draw every rotated character
/// </summary>
/// <param name="g"></param>
/// <param name="_text"></param>
/// <param name="_angle"></param>
/// <param name="_PointCenter"></param>
private void DrawRotatedText(Graphics g, string _text, float _angle, PointF _PointCenter)
{
// Init format
StringFormat sf = new StringFormat();
sf.Alignment = StringAlignment.Center;
sf.LineAlignment = StringAlignment.Center;
// Create graphics path
GraphicsPath gp = new GraphicsPath(System.Drawing.Drawing2D.FillMode.Winding);
int x = (int)_PointCenter.X;
int y = (int)_PointCenter.Y;
// Add string
gp.AddString(_text, _font.FontFamily, (int)_font.Style,
_font.Size, new Point(x, y), sf);
// Rotate string and draw it
Matrix m = new Matrix();
m.RotateAt(_angle, new PointF(x, y));
g.Transform = m;
g.DrawPath(new Pen(_color), gp);
g.FillPath(new SolidBrush(_fillcolor), gp);
}
}
public enum Char_Direction
{
Center = 0,
OutSide = 1,
ClockWise = 2,
AntiClockWise = 3,
}
}