锘??xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?> 1. man 瀵逛綘鐔熸倝鎴栦笉鐔熸倝鐨勫懡浠ゆ彁渚涘府鍔╄В閲?/p>
eg:man ls 灝卞彲浠ユ煡鐪媗s鐩稿叧鐨勭敤娉?/p>
娉細鎸塹閿垨鑰卌trl+c閫鍑猴紝鍦╨inux涓嬪彲浠ヤ嬌鐢╟trl+c緇堟褰撳墠紼嬪簭榪愯銆?/p>
2. ls 鏌ョ湅鐩綍鎴栬呮枃浠剁殑灞?錛屽垪涓懼嚭浠諱竴鐩綍涓嬮潰鐨勬枃浠?/p>
eg: ls /usr/man ls -l a.d琛ㄧず鐩綍(directory)錛屽鏋滄槸涓涓?-"琛ㄧず鏄枃浠訛紝濡傛灉鏄痩鍒欒〃紺烘槸涓涓繛鎺ユ枃浠?link) b.琛ㄧず鏂囦歡鎴栬呯洰褰曡鍙潈闄?鍒嗗埆鐢ㄥ彲璇?r)錛屽彲鍐?w)錛屽彲榪愯(x)銆?/p>
3. cp 鎷瘋礉鏂囦歡 eg: cp filename1 filename2 //鎶奻ilename1鎷瘋礉鎴恌ilename2 cp 1.c netseek/2.c //灝?.c鎷峰埌netseek鐩綍涓嬪懡鍚嶄負2.c 4. rm 鍒犻櫎鏂囦歡鍜岀洰褰?/p>
eg: rm 1.c //灝?.c榪欎釜鏂囦歡鍒犻櫎 5. mv 縐昏蛋鐩綍鎴栬呮敼鏂囦歡鍚?/p>
eg: mv filename1 filename2 //灝唂ilename1 鏀瑰悕涓篺ilename2 mv qib.tgz ../qib.tgz //縐誨埌涓婁竴綰х洰褰?/p>
6. cd 鏀瑰彉褰撳墠鐩綍 pwd 鏌ョ湅褰撳墠鎵鍦ㄧ洰褰曞畬鏁磋礬寰?/p>
eg: pwd //鏌ョ湅褰撳墠鎵鍦ㄧ洰褰曡礬寰?/p>
cd netseek //榪涘叆netseek榪欎釜鐩綍 cd //閫鍑哄綋鍓嶇洰褰?/p>
7. cat錛宮ore鍛戒護 灝嗘煇涓枃浠剁殑鍐呭鏄劇ず鍑烘潵銆備袱涓懡浠ゆ墍涓嶅悓鐨勬槸:cat鎶婃枃浠跺唴瀹逛竴鐩存墦鍗板嚭鏉ワ紝鑰?more鍒欏垎灞忔樉紺?/p>
eg; cat>1.c //灝卞彲浠ユ妸浠g爜綺樺笘鍒?.c鏂囦歡閲岋紝鎸塩trl+d 淇濆瓨浠g爜銆?/p>
cat 1.c 鎴杕ore 1.c //閮藉彲浠ユ煡鐪嬮噷闈㈢殑鍐呭銆?/p>
gcc -o 1 1.c //灝?.c緙栬瘧鎴?exe鏂囦歡錛屾垜浠彲浠ョ敤姝ゅ懡緙栬瘧鍑轟唬鐮併?/p>
8.chmod 鍛戒護 鏉冮檺淇敼 鐢ㄦ硶錛歝hmod 涓浣?榪涘埗鏁?filename銆?/p>
eg: chmod u+x filenmame //鍙兂緇欒嚜宸辮繍琛岋紝鍒漢鍙兘璇?/p>
//u琛ㄧず鏂囦歡涓諱漢錛?g 琛ㄧず鏂囦歡鏂囦歡鎵鍦ㄧ粍銆?o 琛ㄧず鍏朵粬浜?;r 琛ㄥ彲璇伙紝w 琛ㄥ彲鍐欙紝x 琛ㄥ彲浠ヨ繍琛?/p>
chmod g+x filename //鍚岀粍鐨勪漢鏉ユ墽琛?/p>
9. clear錛宒ate鍛戒護 clear:娓呭睆錛岀浉褰撲笌DOS涓嬬殑cls;date:鏄劇ず褰撳墠鏃墮棿銆?/p>
10. mount 鍔犺澆涓涓‖浠惰澶?/p>
鐢ㄦ硶:mount [鍙傛暟] 瑕佸姞杞界殑璁懼 杞藉叆鐐?/p>
eg: mount /dev/cdrom cd /mnt/cdrom //榪涘叆鍏夌洏鐩綍 11. su 鍦ㄤ笉閫鍑虹櫥闄嗙殑鎯呭喌涓嬶紝鍒囨崲鍒板彟澶栦竴涓漢鐨勮韓浠?/p>
鐢ㄦ硶: su -l 鐢ㄦ埛鍚?濡傛灉鐢ㄦ埛鍚嶇己鐪侊紝鍒欏垏鎹㈠埌root鐘舵? eg:su -l netseek (鍒囨崲鍒皀etseek榪欎釜鐢ㄦ埛錛屽皢鎻愮ず杈撳叆瀵嗙爜) 12.whoami錛寃hereis錛寃hich錛宨d //whoami:紜鑷繁韜喚 //whereis:鏌ヨ鍛戒護鎵鍦ㄧ洰褰曚互鍙婂府鍔╂枃妗f墍鍦ㄧ洰褰?/p>
//which:鏌ヨ璇ュ懡浠ゆ墍鍦ㄧ洰褰?綾諱技whereis) //id:鎵撳嵃鍑鴻嚜宸辯殑UID浠ュ強GID銆?UID:鐢ㄦ埛韜喚鍞竴鏍囪瘑銆侴ID:鐢ㄦ埛緇勮韓浠藉敮涓鏍囪瘑銆傛瘡涓涓敤鎴峰彧鑳芥湁涓涓敮涓鐨刄ID鍜?GID) eg: whoami //鏄劇ず浣犺嚜宸茬櫥闄嗙殑鐢ㄦ埛鍚?/p>
whereis bin 鏄劇ずbin鎵鍦ㄧ殑鐩綍錛屽皢鏄劇ず涓猴細/usr/local/bin which bin 13. grep錛宖ind grep:鏂囨湰鍐呭鎼滅儲;find:鏂囦歡鎴栬呯洰褰曞悕浠ュ強鏉冮檺灞炰富絳夊尮閰嶆悳绱?/p>
eg: grep success * 銆銆 /*鏌ユ壘褰撳墠鐩綍涓嬮潰鎵鏈夋枃浠墮噷闈㈠惈鏈塻uccess瀛楃鐨勬枃浠?/p>
14. kill 鍙互鏉姝繪煇涓鍦ㄨ繘琛屾垨鑰呭凡緇忔槸dest鐘舵佺殑榪涚▼ eg; ps ax 15. passwd 鍙互璁劇疆鍙d護 16. history 鐢ㄦ埛鐢ㄨ繃鐨勫懡浠?/p>
eg: history //鍙互鏄劇ず鐢ㄦ埛榪囧幓浣跨敤鐨勫懡浠?/p>
17. !! 鎵ц鏈榪戜竴嬈$殑鍛戒護 18. mkdir鍛戒護 eg: mkdir netseek //鍒涘緩netseek榪欎釜鐩綍 19. tar 瑙e帇鍛戒護 eg: tar -zxvf nmap-3.45.tgz //灝嗚繖涓В鍘嬪埌nmap-3.45榪欎釜鐩綍閲?/p>
20. finger 鍙互璁╀嬌鐢ㄨ呮煡璇竴浜涘叾浠栦嬌鐢ㄨ呯殑璧勬枡 eg: finger //鏌ョ湅鎵鐢ㄧ敤鎴風殑浣跨敤璧勬枡 finger root //鏌ョ湅root鐨勮祫鏂?/p>
]]>
]]>
Linux鏄竴涓姛鑳藉己澶х殑鎿嶄綔緋葷粺錛屽悓鏃跺畠鏄竴涓嚜鐢辮蔣浠訛紝鏄厤璐圭殑銆佹簮浠g爜寮鏀劇殑銆傜紪鍒跺畠鐨勭洰鐨勬槸寤虹珛涓嶅彈浠諱綍鍟嗗搧鍖栬蔣浠舵潈鍒剁害鐨勩佸叏涓栫晫閮借兘鑷敱浣跨敤鐨刄nix鍏煎浜у搧銆?/p>
2銆丩inux緋葷粺鐨勭粍鎴愶細
Linux鍐呮牳銆丩inux Shell銆丩inux鏂囦歡緋葷粺Linux瀹炵敤宸ュ叿銆?/p>
鍐呮牳錛孲hell鍜屾枃浠剁郴緇熶竴璧峰艦鎴愪簡鍩烘湰鐨勬搷浣滅郴緇熺粨鏋勩?/p>
3銆丩inux 鏂囦歡緋葷粺
鏂囦歡緋葷粺鏄枃浠跺瓨鏀懼湪紓佺洏絳夊瓨鍌ㄨ澶囦笂鐨勭粍緇囨柟娉曪紝涓昏浣撶幇鍦ㄥ鏂囦歡鍜岀洰褰曠殑緇勭粐涓娿侺inux閲囩敤緇熶竴鐨勬爲鍨嬬粨鏋勭殑鏂囦歡緋葷粺錛屽湪Linux鏂囦歡緋葷粺涓嬪彲浠ュ垏鎹㈢洰褰曘佽闂枃浠?/p>
璁劇疆鐩綍鍜屾枃浠剁殑鏉冮檺銆佽緗枃浠剁殑鍏變韓絳夈?/p>
Linux鏀寔澶氱綾誨瀷鐨勬枃浠剁郴緇熴?/p>
4銆佸涔燣inux涔嬪墠搴旇鎺屾彙鐨勬蹇?/p>
錛?錛夌鐩樺強鍒嗗尯 錛?/p>
涓鍧楃‖鐩樺彲浠ュ垎涓轟竴涓富鍒嗗尯鍜岃嫢騫蹭釜鎵╁睍鍒嗗尯錛堥昏緫鍒嗗尯錛夛紝Linux鎿嶄綔緋葷粺鍙互瀹夎鍦ㄤ換浣曞湴鏂癸紝鍥犳璁稿鏈哄櫒鍙互鍋氭垚澶氫釜windows緋葷粺鍙奓inux澶氬惎鍔ㄣ?/p>
鍦↙iunx涓嬫病鏈夌洏絎︾殑姒傚康錛屼笉綆℃槸浠涔堝瓨鍌ㄧ洏錛屽湪瀹冮噷闈㈤兘鏄竴鏍峰寰呯殑錛岀郴緇熼噷鍙湁浠庢牴鐩綍寰涓嬩竴灞傚眰鐨勭洰褰曪紝涓涓洏鍙互澶氫釜鐩綍錛屼竴涓洰褰曚篃鍙兘浼氳法澶氫釜鐩樸?/p>
錛?錛夌悊瑙inux鏂囦歡緋葷粺鏍囧噯錛?/p>
/錛氭牴鐩綍錛岀郴緇熶腑鎵鏈夌殑鐩綍閮芥槸浠庢牴鐩綍寮濮嬨?/p>
/bin: 瀛樻斁甯哥敤鍛戒護銆?/p>
/boot: 寮曞鏍稿績鐨勭▼搴忕洰褰?/p>
/dev: 澶栭儴璁懼鍚?/p>
/etc: (etcetera)緋葷粺綆$悊鎵瑕佺殑閰嶇疆鏂囦歡鍜屽瓙鐩綍
/home :瀛樻斁鐢ㄦ埛涓葷洰褰曠殑鍦版柟錛屼竴鑸槸/home/鐢ㄦ埛鍚嶃傚叾浠栫洰褰曟湁ftp銆乭ttpd銆乻amba絳夈?/p>
/lib: (library)緋葷粺鍩烘湰鐨勫姩鎬侀摼鎺ュ簱
/lost+found
/opt :optional(鍙互閫夋嫨鐨?
/proc錛?铏氭嫙緋葷粺錛屾槸鐢辯郴緇熷垵璧鋒椂鍐呭瓨涓駭鐢熺殑
/root錛氳秴綰х敤鎴烽粯璁ょ殑涓葷洰褰曪紱
/sbin錛氱郴緇熺鐞嗗憳浣跨敤鐨勭郴緇熺鐞嗙▼搴忥紱
/tmp錛?瀛樻斁鍚勭▼搴忔墽琛屾椂鎵浜х敓鐨勪復鏃舵枃浠訛紱
/usr錛?鍗犵┖闂存渶澶х殑鐩綍錛岀敤鎴風殑寰堝搴旂敤紼嬪簭鍜屾枃浠跺嚑涔庡叏鍦ㄨ繖涓洰褰曚腑錛?/p>
/var錛氬瓨鏀句竴浜涚郴緇熻褰曟枃浠跺拰閰嶇疆鏂囦歡錛?/p>
錛?錛夋帉鎻inux涓嬭澶囩殑浣跨敤鏂規硶
閰嶇疆鍚嶇О |
璇?wbr> |
/dev/had錛?dev/hdb |
IDE I鐨凪aster/Slave紜洏/鍏夌洏 |
/dev/hdc錛?dev/hdd |
IDE II鐨凪aster/Slave紜洏/鍏夌洏 |
/dev/sda錛?dev/sdb |
絎竴錛岀浜屼釜SCSI紜洏 |
/dev/scd0錛?dev/scd1 |
絎竴錛岀浜屼釜SCSI鍏夐┍ |
錛?錛夌悊瑙ILO鍜孏RUB鐨勭敤閫旓細
LILO鍏ㄧО涓篖Inux LOader
GRUB鍏ㄧО涓篏Rand Unified Boot loader
鏄綅浜庣‖鐩樺紩瀵兼墖鍖虹殑涓涓皬紼嬪簭錛屾槸寮曞Linux緋葷粺鍐呮牳鐨勬渶甯歌鐨勬柟寮忥紱
鍙互鐢ㄦ潵寮曞澶氫釜鎿嶄綔緋葷粺錛涘彲浠ュ悓鏃舵敮鎸佸涓笉鍚岀殑緋葷粺鍐呮牳鏄犲儚錛?/p>
涓烘瘡涓郴緇熷唴鏍告槧鍍忔彁渚涗簡瀵嗙爜淇濇姢錛?/p>
鏀寔浣嶄簬涓嶅悓紓佺洏鍜屽垎鍖轟腑鐨勫紩瀵兼墖鍖恒佹槧璞℃枃浠跺拰鍚姩鏄犲儚錛?/p>
錛?錛夋櫘閫氱敤鎴蜂笌瓚呯駭鐢ㄦ埛錛?錛?
鏅氱敤鎴峰彲浠ュ湪鍏舵潈闄愯鍙殑鑼冨洿鍐呬嬌鐢ㄧ郴緇熻祫婧愶紝鑰岃秴綰х敤鎴鳳紙鐢ㄦ埛鍚嶄負root錛変笉浠呭彲浠ヤ嬌鐢ㄧ郴緇熶腑鐨勬墍鏈夎祫婧愯屼笖鍙互綆$悊緋葷粺璧勬簮銆?/p>
錛?錛夊伐浣滄柟寮忥細瀛楃宸ヤ綔鏂瑰紡鍜屽浘褰㈠伐浣滄柟寮忋?/p>