Part of the red marker to add by YeHao錛孫rder oneself to better understand.
瑙傚療鑰呮ā寮?璁捐妯″紡
鏉ヨ嚜浜庛婂ぇ璇濊璁℃ā寮忋?br>瑙傚療鑰呮ā寮忥細瀹氫箟浜嗕竴縐嶄竴瀵瑰鐨勪緷璧栧叧緋伙紝璁╁涓瀵熻呭璞″悓鏃剁洃鍚煇涓涓富棰樺璞°傝繖涓富棰樺璞″湪鐘舵佸彂鐢熸椂錛屼細閫氱煡鎵鏈夎瀵熻呭璞★紝浣夸粬浠嚜鍔ㄦ洿鏂拌嚜宸便?br>
琛屼負鍨嬫ā寮忋?br>
UML 綾誨浘錛?br>
浠ｇ爜瀹炵幇 C++錛?br>
2 #include <string>
3 #include <list>
4 #include <algorithm>
5 using namespace std;
6
7 class Subject;
8
9 class Observer //瑙傚療鑰?/span>
10 {
11 protected:
12 string name;
13 Subject* sub;
14 public:
15 Observer(const string& n, Subject* s) : name(n), sub(s) {}
16 virtual void Update() = 0;
17 };
18
19 class Subject //琚瀵熻?br> 20 {
21 protected:
22 list<Observer*> observers;
23 string action;
24 public:
25 virtual void Attach(Observer* ob) = 0; //澧炲姞瑙傚療鑰呭璞?br> 26 virtual void Detach(Observer* ob) = 0; //縐婚櫎瑙傚療鑰呭璞?br> 27 virtual void Notify() = 0;
28 virtual void setAction(const string& s) = 0;
29 virtual string getAction() = 0;
30 };
31
32 class StockObserver : public Observer
33 {
34 public:
35 StockObserver(const string& name, Subject* s) : Observer(name, s) {}
36 virtual void Update()
37 {
38 cout << sub->getAction() << '\t' << name << " 鍏抽棴鑲＄エ琛屾儏錛岀戶緇伐浣滐紒" << endl;
39 }
40 };
41
42 class NBAObserver : public Observer
43 {
44 public:
45 NBAObserver(const string& name, Subject* s) : Observer(name, s) {}
46 virtual void Update()
47 {
48 cout << sub->getAction() << '\t' << name << " 鍏抽棴 NBA錛岀戶緇伐浣滐紒" << endl;
49 }
50 };
51
52 class Boss : public Subject
53 {
54 //private:
55 // list<Observer*> observers;
56 // string action;
57 public:
58 virtual void Attach(Observer* ob)
59 {
60 observers.push_back(ob);
61 }
62 virtual void Detach(Observer* ob)
63 {
64 list<Observer*>::iterator iter= find(observers.begin(), observers.end(), ob);
65 if (iter != observers.end())
66 {
67 observers.erase(iter);
68 }
69 }
70 virtual void Notify()
71 {
72 for (list<Observer*>::iterator iter = observers.begin(); iter != observers.end(); ++iter)
73 {
74 (*iter)->Update();
75 }
76 }
77 virtual void setAction(const string& s)
78 {
79 action = s;
80 }
81 virtual string getAction()
82 {
83 return action;
84 }
85 };
86
87 class Secretary : public Subject
88 {
89 //private:
90 // list<Observer*> observers;
91 // string action;
92 public:
93 virtual void Attach(Observer* ob)
94 {
95 observers.push_back(ob);
96 }
97 virtual void Detach(Observer* ob)
98 {
99 list<Observer*>::iterator iter = find(observers.begin(), observers.end(), ob);
100 if (iter != observers.end())
101 {
102 observers.erase(iter);
103 }
104 }
105 virtual void Notify()
106 {
107 for (list<Observer*>::iterator iter = observers.begin(); iter != observers.end(); ++iter)
108 {
109 (*iter)->Update();
110 }
111 }
112 virtual void setAction(const string& s)
113 {
114 action = s;
115 }
116 virtual string getAction()
117 {
118 return action;
119 }
120 };
121
122
123
124 int main()
125 {
126 Boss* huhansan = new Boss;
127 StockObserver* so = new StockObserver("abc", huhansan);
128 NBAObserver* no = new NBAObserver("xyz", huhansan);
129
130 huhansan->Attach(so);
131 huhansan->Attach(no);
132 huhansan->setAction("鎴戣儭姹変笁鍙堝洖鏉ヤ簡錛?/span>");
133 huhansan->Notify();
134
135 huhansan->Detach(no);
136 huhansan->setAction("寮浼氾紒");
137 huhansan->Notify();
138
139 delete huhansan;
140
141 Secretary* s = new Secretary;
142 s->Attach(no);
143 s->Attach(so);
144 s->setAction("鑰佹澘鏉ヤ簡錛?/span>");
145 cout << s->getAction() << endl;
146 s->Notify();
147
148 delete so;
149 delete no;
150 delete s;
151
152 return 0;
153 }
]]>
涓銆佸姛鑳?/strong>
銆銆灝嗕竴涓被鐨勬帴鍙ｈ漿鎹㈡垚瀹㈡埛甯屾湜鐨勫彟澶栦竴涓帴鍙ｏ紝瑙ｅ喅涓や釜宸叉湁鎺ュ彛涔嬮棿涓嶅尮閰嶇殑闂銆侫dapter妯″紡浣垮緱鍘熸湰鐢變簬鎺ュ彛涓嶅吋瀹硅屼笉鑳戒竴璧峰伐浣滅殑閭ｄ簺綾誨彲浠ヤ竴璧峰伐浣溿?
銆銆浜屻佺粨鏋勫浘
銆銆(1)class adapter
銆銆(2)object adapter
涓夈佸疄鐜?/p>
銆銆鍜屽叾浠栧緢澶氭ā寮忎竴鏍鳳紝瀛︿範璁捐妯″紡鐨勯噸鐐規槸瀛︿範姣忕妯″紡鐨勬濇兂錛岃屼笉搴旀嫎娉ヤ簬瀹冪殑鏌愮鍏蜂綋緇撴瀯鍥懼拰瀹炵幇銆傚洜涓烘ā寮忔槸鐏墊椿鐨勶紝鍏跺疄鐜板彲浠ユ槸鍗冨彉涓囧寲鐨勶紝鍙槸鎵璋撲竾鍙樹笉紱誨叾瀹椼?鍦⊿TL涓ぇ閲忚繍鐢ㄤ簡Adapter妯″紡錛岃薄function adapter銆乮terator adpter錛屽畠浠笌榪欓噷璇寸殑adapter緇撴瀯騫朵笉涓鏍鳳紝浣嗘濇兂鏄竴鏍風殑銆傚叿浣撶殑浠嬬粛鍙埌渚嵎緗戠珯涓婃壘鐩稿叧鏂囩珷錛屼粬璁插緱闈炲父濂姐?
銆銆鍥涖佺ず渚嬩唬鐮?/p>
銆銆(1)class adapter
namespace DesignPattern_Adapter
{
// class Adaptee
class Adaptee
{
public:
void SpecialRequest() {}
} ;
// class Target
class Target
{
public:
virtual void Request() = 0 ;
} ;
// class Adapter
class Adapter : public Target, private Adaptee
{
public:
virtual void Request() { SpecialRequest() ; }
} ;
}
瀹㈡埛绔唬鐮侊細
{
using namespace DesignPattern_Adapter ;
Target *p = new Adapter() ;
p->Request() ; //瀹為檯涓婅皟鐢ㄧ殑鏄疉daptee::SpecialRequest()
}
(2)object adapter namespace DesignPattern_Adapter
{
// class Adaptee
class Adaptee
{
public:
void SpecialRequest() {}
} ;
// class Target
class Target
{
public:
virtual void Request() = 0 ;
} ;
// class Adapter
class Adapter : public Target
{
public:
virtual void Request() { _adaptee.SpecialRequest() ; }
private:
Adaptee _adaptee ;
} ;
}
瀹㈡埛绔唬鐮侊細
{
using namespace DesignPattern_Adapter ;
Target *p = new Adapter() ;
p->Request() ; //瀹為檯涓婅皟鐢ㄧ殑鏄疉daptee::SpecialRequest()
}
銆銆鍏佸疄渚?/p>
銆銆(1)STL涓殑Class Adapter
銆銆STL涓殑Adapter Class鍖呮嫭錛歛.stack(瀵瑰簲鐨刟daptee鏄痙eque)銆俠.queue(瀵瑰簲鐨刟daptee鏄痙eque)銆俢.priority_queue(瀵瑰簲鐨刟daptee鏄痸ector)銆?涓嬮潰鏄粠VC涓殑< stack >鎷峰嚭鐨剆tack鐨勭被瀹氫箟錛?
templateclass _Container = deque<_Ty> >
class stack
{ // LIFO queue implemented with a container
public:
typedef _Container container_type;
typedef typename _Container::value_type value_type;
typedef typename _Container::size_type size_type;
stack()
: c()
{ // construct with empty container
}
explicit stack(const _Container& _Cont)
: c(_Cont)
{ // construct by copying specified container
}
bool empty() const
{ // test if stack is empty
return (c.empty());
}
size_type size() const
{ // test length of stack
return (c.size());
}
value_type& top()
{ // return last element of mutable stack
return (c.back());
}
const value_type& top() const
{ // return last element of nonmutable stack
return (c.back());
}
void push(const value_type& _Val)
{ // insert element at end
c.push_back(_Val);
}
void pop()
{ // erase last element
c.pop_back();
}
bool _Eq(const stack<_Ty, _Container>& _Right) const
{ // test for stack equality
return (c == _Right.c);
}
bool _Lt(const stack<_Ty, _Container>& _Right) const
{ // test if this < _Right for stacks
return (c < _Right.c);
}
protected:
_Container c; // the underlying container
};
銆銆鍏抽敭涔嬪鍦ㄤ簬_Container c錛宻tack鎵鏈夌殑鎿嶄綔閮借漿浜ょ粰c鍘誨鐞嗕簡銆?榪欏疄闄呬笂灝辨槸鍓嶉潰鎵璇寸殑"object adapter"錛屾敞鎰廠TL涓殑class adapter涓庝笂闈㈡墍璇寸殑class adapter姒傚康涓嶅畬鍏ㄤ竴鑷?
stack鐨勪嬌鐢ㄦ柟娉曞緢綆鍗曪紝濡備笅錛?
{
int ia[] = { 1,3,2,4 };
deque id(ia, ia+4);
stack is(id);
}
銆銆(2)榪戞棩鐪嬩簡涓綃囨枃绔?#8220;Generic< Programming >錛氱畝鍖栧紓甯稿畨鍏ㄤ唬鐮?#8221;錛屽師鏂囧嚭鑷?a C++ View絎?鏈?銆?鏂囩珷緇濆涓嫻侊紝浣滆呯粰鍑虹殑浠ｇ爜涓篃浣跨敤浜咥daptor妯″紡錛屼篃鏈変竴瀹氫唬琛ㄦс傛垜灝嗗叾闂涓鑸寲錛屾鎷嚭浠ヤ笅紺轟緥錛?
銆銆闂錛氬亣璁炬湁鍑犱釜宸叉湁綾伙紝浠栦滑鏈夋煇浜涘叡鍚岀殑琛屼負錛屼絾瀹冧滑褰兼闂存槸鐙珛鐨?娌℃湁鍏卞悓鐨勫熀綾?銆傚錛?
class T1
{
public:
void Proc() {}
} ;
class T2
{
public:
void Proc() {}
} ;
// ...
銆銆濡備綍浠ョ粺涓鐨勬柟寮忓幓璋冪敤榪欎簺琛屼負鍛紵
銆銆瑙ｅ喅鏂規硶1錛氬緢鑷劧鐨勪細鎯沖埌鐢ㄦā鏉匡紝濡傦細
template <class T>
void Test(T t)
{
t.Proc() ;
}
銆銆鐨勭‘涓嶉敊錛屼絾榪欏彧閫傜敤浜庣畝鍗曠殑鎯呭喌錛屾湁鏃舵儏鍐墊槸寰堝鏉傜殑錛屾瘮濡傛垜浠棤娉曟妸綾誨瀷鏀懼埌妯℃澘鍙傛暟涓紒
銆銆瑙ｅ喅鏂規硶2錛氬洶闅炬潵鑷簬榪欎簺綾繪病鏈夊叡鍚岀殑鍩虹被錛屾墍浠ユ垜浠氨鍒涢犱竴涓熀綾伙紝鐒跺悗鍐岮dapt銆?
// class IAdaptor錛屾娊璞″熀綾?br>class IAdaptor
{
public:
virtual void Proc() = 0 ;
} ;
// class Adaptor
template <class T>
class Adaptor : public IAdaptor, private T //瀹炵幇緇ф壙
{
public:
virtual void Proc() { T::Proc() ; }
} ;
// 浠ョ粺涓鏂瑰紡璋冪敤鍑芥暟Proc錛岃屼笉鍏沖績鏄疶1銆乀2鎴栧叾浠栦粈涔堢被
void Test(const std::auto_ptr& sp)
{
sp->Proc() ;
}
瀹㈡埛绔唬鐮侊細
Test(std::auto_ptr(new Adaptor)) ;
Test(std::auto_ptr(new Adaptor)) ;
銆銆涓婁緥寰堢畝鍗曪紝鐢ㄦ柟娉曚竴涓殑妯℃澘鍑芥暟灝卞彲浠ュ緢濂藉湴瑙ｅ喅浜嗐備笅闈㈡槸涓涓暐寰鏉備竴鐐圭殑渚嬪瓙錛屾牴鎹弬鏁扮被鍨嬫潵鍒涘緩閫傚綋鐨勫璞★細
class T1
{
public:
T1(int) { /*...*/ }
void Proc() { /*...*/ }
} ;
class T2
{
public:
T2(char) { /*...*/ }
void Proc() { /*...*/ }
} ;
// class IAdaptor錛屾娊璞″熀綾?br>class IAdaptor
{
public:
virtual void Proc() = 0 ;
} ;
// class Adaptor
template
class Adaptor : public IAdaptor, private T //瀹炵幇緇ф壙
{
public:
Adaptor(int n) : T(n) {}
Adaptor(char c) : T(c) {}
virtual void Proc() { T::Proc() ; }
} ;
class Test
{
public:
Test(int n) : sp(new Adaptor(n)) {}
Test(char c) : sp(new Adaptor(c)) {}
void Proc() { sp->Proc() ; }
private:
std::auto_ptr sp ;
} ;
瀹㈡埛绔唬鐮侊細
Test t1(10) ;
t1.Proc() ;
Test t2('c') ;
t2.Proc() ;
銆銆涓婇潰鏄ず渚嬭岄潪瀹炰緥錛屼綘涔熻鏇存効鎰忕湅鐪嬪畠瀹為檯鐨勮繍鐢ㄣ傚幓涓嬭澆浣滆呮墍鍐欑殑浠ｇ爜錛屽ソ濂芥璧忎竴涓嬪惂銆?br>
| C++璁捐妯″紡涔婣bstract Factory |
| 2002-07-23· · ··COM闆嗕腑钀?br> |
| 銆銆涓銆佸姛鑳?/strong> 銆銆鎻愪緵涓涓垱寤轟竴緋誨垪鐩稿叧鎴栫浉浜掍緷璧栧璞＄殑鎺ュ彛錛岃屾棤闇鎸囧畾瀹冧滑鍏蜂綋鐨勭被銆? 銆銆浜屻佺粨鏋勫浘 銆銆綾誨巶鏈鍩烘湰鐨勭粨鏋勭ず鎰忓浘濡備笅錛? 銆銆鍦ㄥ疄闄呭簲鐢ㄤ腑錛岀被鍘傛ā寮忓彲浠ユ墿鍏呭埌寰堝鏉傜殑鎯呭喌錛屽涓嬪浘鎵紺猴細 |
涓夈佷紭緙虹偣
銆銆浼樼偣錛?1)灝佽鍒涘緩榪囩▼銆傚鎴蜂笉鐢ㄧ煡閬撶被鍘傛槸濡備綍鍒涘緩綾誨疄渚嬬殑錛岀被鍘傚皝闂簡鎵鏈夊垱寤虹殑緇嗚妭銆傝繖鏍峰彲閫夋嫨涓嶅悓鐨勫垱寤烘柟娉曪紝澧炲姞浜嗙伒媧繪с?(2)灝嗗鎴蜂笌鍏蜂綋綾婚殧紱伙紝鎻愰珮浜嗗悇鑷殑鍙噸鐢ㄦс?
銆銆緙虹偣錛欶actory綾誨眰嬈′笌鍏蜂綋綾誨眰嬈￠氬父鏄鉤琛岀殑(鍗充竴涓瀵瑰簲鐨?銆傚鍔犱竴涓叿浣撶被錛屼竴鑸篃瑕佺浉搴斿湴澧炲姞涓涓猣actory綾伙紝澧炲姞浜嗙郴緇熷鏉傚害銆?
銆銆鍥涖佸疄鐜?/p>
銆銆(1)Abstract Factory綾諱腑閫氬父鏄竴緇凢actory Method鐨勯泦鍚堛備釜浜鴻涓轟笌Factory Method妯″紡娌℃湁鏈川鍖哄埆銆?
銆銆(2)閫氬父鍙互鎶婂伐鍘備綔涓哄崟浠躲?
銆銆浜斻佺ず渚嬩唬鐮?/p>
namespace DesignPattern_AbstractFactory
{
銆銆class AbstractProductA {}; // Product A
銆銆class ProductA1 : public AbstractProductA {};
銆銆class ProductA2 : public AbstractProductA {};
銆銆class AbstractProductB {}; // Product B
銆銆class ProductB1 : public AbstractProductB {};
銆銆class ProductB2 : public AbstractProductB {};
銆銆class AbstractFactory
銆銆{
銆銆public:
銆銆銆銆virtual AbstractProductA* CreateProductA() = 0 ;// 鍒涘緩ProductA
銆銆銆銆virtual AbstractProductB* CreateProductB() = 0 ;// 鍒涘緩ProductB
} ;
銆銆class ConcreteFactory1 : public AbstractFactory
銆銆{
銆銆public:
銆銆銆銆virtual AbstractProductA* CreateProductA() { return new ProductA1() ; }
銆銆銆銆virtual AbstractProductB* CreateProductB() { return new ProductB1() ; }
銆銆銆銆static ConcreteFactory1* Instance() { static ConcreteFactory1 instance ; return &instance ; } 銆銆
protected:
銆銆銆銆ConcreteFactory1() {}
銆銆private:
銆銆銆銆ConcreteFactory1(const ConcreteFactory1&) ;
銆銆銆銆ConcreteFactory1& operator=(const ConcreteFactory1&) ;
銆銆} ;
銆銆class ConcreteFactory2 : public AbstractFactory
銆銆{
銆銆public:
銆銆銆銆virtual AbstractProductA* CreateProductA() { return new ProductA2() ; }
銆銆銆銆virtual AbstractProductB* CreateProductB() { return new ProductB2() ; }
銆銆銆銆static ConcreteFactory2* Instance() { static ConcreteFactory2 instance ; return &instance ; }
銆銆protected:
銆銆銆銆ConcreteFactory2() {}
銆銆private:
銆銆銆銆ConcreteFactory2(const ConcreteFactory2&) ;
銆銆銆銆ConcreteFactory2& operator=(const ConcreteFactory2&) ;
銆銆} ;
}
瀹㈡埛绔唬鐮侊細
{
銆銆using namespace DesignPattern_AbstractFactory ;
銆銆// 絎竴縐嶅垱寤烘柟娉?/p>
銆銆AbstractFactory *pFactory = ConcreteFactory1::Instance() ;
銆銆AbstractProductA *pProductA = pFactory->CreateProductA() ;
銆銆AbstractProductB *pProductB = pFactory->CreateProductB() ;
銆銆// 絎簩縐嶅垱寤烘柟娉?br>銆銆pFactory = ConcreteFactory2::Instance() ;
銆銆pProductA = pFactory->CreateProductA() ;
銆銆pProductB = pFactory->CreateProductB() ;
}
銆銆鍏佸疄渚?/p>
銆銆鏈鏃╃煡閬撶被鍘傜殑姒傚康鏄湪COM涓紝浣嗗綋鏃朵篃娌℃兂鍒拌繖鏄姝ら噸瑕佺殑涓縐嶆ā寮忥紝鍦ㄨ澶氬叾浠栨ā寮忎腑閮藉彲浠ョ敤鍒扮被鍘傛ā寮忋?COM涓笉鑳界洿鎺ュ垱寤虹粍浠訛紝榪欎篃鏄敱COM鐨勪竴涓壒鎬у喅瀹氱殑錛氬嵆瀹㈡埛涓嶇煡閬撹鍒涘緩鐨勭粍浠剁殑綾誨悕銆?/p>
| C++璁捐妯″紡涔婼ingleton |
| 2002-07-26· · ··COM闆嗕腑钀? |
| 銆銆涓銆佸姛鑳?
銆銆淇濊瘉涓涓被浠呮湁涓涓疄渚嬨? |
涓夈佷紭緙虹偣
銆銆Singleton妯″紡鏄仛涓?鍏ㄥ眬鍙橀噺"鐨勬浛浠ｅ搧鍑虹幇鐨勩傛墍浠ュ畠鍏鋒湁鍏ㄥ眬鍙橀噺鐨勭壒鐐癸細鍏ㄥ眬鍙銆佽瘡絀垮簲鐢ㄧ▼搴忕殑鏁翠釜鐢熷懡鏈燂紝瀹冧篃鍏鋒湁鍏ㄥ眬鍙橀噺涓嶅叿澶囩殑鎬ц川錛氬悓綾誨瀷鐨勫璞″疄渚嬪彧鍙兘鏈変竴涓?
銆銆鍥涖佸疄鐜?/p>
銆銆鏁欑涔︿笂鐨凷ingleton瀹氫箟濡備笅錛?
class Singleton
{
public:
static Singleton* Instance() ;
protected:
Singleton() {}
private:
static Singleton *_instance ;
Singleton(const Singleton&) ;
Singleton& operator=(const Singleton&) ;
} ;
Singleton* Singleton::_instance = NULL ;
Singleton* Singleton::Instance()
{
(_instance == NULL) ? _instance = new Singleton() : 0 ; //lazy initialization
return _instance ;
}
銆銆(1)鍥犱負榪斿洖鐨勬槸鎸囬拡錛屼負闃叉鐢ㄦ埛璋冪敤delete鍑芥暟錛屽彲鎶妔tatic Singleton *_instance錛涙敼涓哄湪Instance()涓畾涔塻tatic Singleton _instance銆傝繖鏍鋒樉鐒舵洿瀹夊叏錛屽悓鏃朵篃鍏鋒湁lazy initialization鐨勭壒鎬?鍗崇涓嬈¤闂椂鎵嶅垱寤?銆?
銆銆(2)鍋囪闇瑕佷粠Singleton媧劇敓瀛愮被錛岃屽瓙綾諱篃闇瑕佹湁鍚屾牱鐨勬ц川錛屾棦鍙兘鍒涘緩涓涓疄渚嬨傛垜瑙夊緱錛岃繖寰堥毦鍔炪傛牴鏈師鍥犲湪浜嶪nstance()鍑芥暟涓嶆槸铏氬嚱鏁幫紝涓嶅叿鏈夊鎬佺殑鎬ц川銆備竴縐嶅父鐢ㄦ柟娉曟槸鎶奍nstance()鍑芥暟縐誨埌瀛愮被涓紝榪欐椂灝卞彧鑳界敤static Singleton *_instance錛岃屼笉鑳界敤static Singleton _instance浜嗭紝闄ら潪鎶奯instance涔熻縐誨埌瀛愮被錛屾棤璁烘庝箞鍋氶兘涓嶄紭闆呫傚彟涓縐嶆柟娉曟槸鐢ㄦā鏉褲傚叿浣撶敤浠涔堟柟娉曪紝鍙兘鏍規嵁瀹為檯鎯呭喌鏉冭 銆?
銆銆浜斻佺ず渚嬩唬鐮?/p>
銆銆(1)娌″瓙綾葷殑鎯呭喌
namespace DesignPattern_Singleton
{
class Singleton
{
public:
static Singleton* Instance() { static Singleton _instance ; return &_instance ; }
protected:
Singleton() {}
private:
Singleton(const Singleton&) ;
Singleton& operator=(const Singleton&) ;
} ;
}
瀹㈡埛绔唬鐮侊細
{
using namespace DesignPattern_Singleton ;
Singleton *p = Singleton::Instance() ;
......
}
銆銆(2)鏈夊瓙綾葷殑鎯呭喌
鏂規硶涓錛?br>namespace DesignPattern_Singleton
{
// class Singleton
class Singleton
{
protected:
Singleton() {}
static Singleton *_instance ;
private:
Singleton(const Singleton&) ;
Singleton& operator=(const Singleton&) ;
} ;
Singleton* Singleton::_instance = NULL ;
// class ConcreteSingleton
class ConcreteSingleton : public Singleton
{
public:
static Singleton* Instance() ;
protected:
ConcreteSingleton() {}
} ;
Singleton* ConcreteSingleton::Instance()
{
(_instance == NULL) ? _instance = new ConcreteSingleton() : 0 ;
return _instance ;
}
}
瀹㈡埛绔唬鐮侊細
{
using namespace DesignPattern_Singleton ;
Singleton *p = ConcreteSingleton::Instance() ;
}
鏂規硶浜岋細
namespace DesignPattern_Singleton
{
// class Singleton
class Singleton
{
protected:
Singleton() {}
private:
Singleton(const Singleton&) ;
Singleton& operator=(const Singleton&) ;
} ;
// class ConcreteSingleton
class ConcreteSingleton : public Singleton
{
public:
static Singleton* Instance() { static ConcreteSingleton _instance ; return &_instance ; }
protected:
ConcreteSingleton() {}
} ;
}
瀹㈡埛绔唬鐮侊細
{
using namespace DesignPattern_Singleton ;
Singleton *p = ConcreteSingleton::Instance() ;
}
鏂規硶涓夛細
namespace DesignPattern_Singleton
{
template < class T >
class Singleton
{
public:
static T* Instance() { static T _instance ; return &_instance ; }
protected:
Singleton() {}
private:
Singleton(const Singleton &) ;
Singleton& operator=(const Singleton&) ;
} ;
class ConcreteSingleton : public Singleton< ConcreteSingleton > {} ;
}
瀹㈡埛绔唬鐮?br>{
using namespace DesignPattern_Singleton ;
ConcreteSingleton *p = ConcreteSingleton::Instance() ;
}
| C++妯″紡寮鍙戜箣Bridge |
| 2002-07-29· · ··COM闆嗕腑钀? |
| 銆銆涓銆佸姛鑳?/strong> 銆銆灝嗘娊璞￠儴鍒嗕笌瀹冪殑瀹炵幇閮ㄥ垎鍒嗙錛屼嬌瀹冧滑閮藉彲浠ョ嫭绔嬪湴鍙樺寲銆? 銆銆浜屻佺粨鏋勫浘 |
涓夈佺ず渚嬩唬鐮?
namespace DesignPattern_Bridge
{
// class Implementor
class Implementor
{
public:
virtual void OperationImp() = 0 ;
} ;
// class ConcreteImplementorA
class ConcreteImplementorA : public Implementor
{
public:
virtual void OperationImp() {}
} ;
// class ConcreteImplementorB
class ConcreteImplementorB : public Implementor
{
public:
virtual void OperationImp() {}
} ;
// class Abstraction
class Abstraction
{
public:
void Operation(Implementor* imp) { assert(imp) ; imp->OperationImp() ; }
} ;
}
瀹㈡埛绔唬鐮侊細
{
using namespace DesignPattern_Bridge ;
Abstraction obj ;
Implementor *impa = new ConcreteImplementorA() ;
Implementor *impb = new ConcreteImplementorB() ;
obj.Operation(impa) ; //絎竴縐嶅疄鐜版柟娉?br>obj.Operation(impb) ; //絎簩縐嶅疄鐜版柟娉?br>}
銆銆鍥涖佸疄渚?/p>
銆銆(1)鍒涘緩鍙互鍦╔ Window System鍜孖BM鐨凱resentation Manager緋葷粺涓兘鍙互浣跨敤鐨勭獥鍙ｃ?涔︿笂鐨勪緥瀛?
Bridge鐨勯瓍鍔涘湪浜庢娊璞″拰瀹炵幇涔嬮棿鏄澗鏁ｇ殑鍏崇郴錛屽畠浠箣闂村彲浠ヨ繘琛岄殢鎰忕粍鍚堛傚涓婂浘涓紝灝辨湁IconWindow+XWindowImp銆乀ransientWindow+XWindowImp銆両conWindow+PMWindowImp銆乀ransientWindow+PMWindowImp鍥涚緇勫悎銆?br>
| C++妯″紡璁捐涔婤uilder |
| 2002-07-30· · ··COM闆嗕腑钀? |
| 銆銆涓銆佸姛鑳?/strong> 銆銆灝嗕竴涓鏉傚璞＄殑鏋勫緩涓庡畠鐨勮〃紺哄垎紱伙紝浣垮緱鍚屾牱鐨勬瀯寤鴻繃紼嬪彲浠?strong>鍒涘緩涓嶅悓鐨勮〃紺?/strong>銆? 銆銆浜屻佺粨鏋勫浘 |
涓夈佺ず渚嬩唬鐮?
namespace DesignPattern_Builder
{
class Product1 { /*...*/ } ;
class Product2 { /*...*/ } ;
// class Builder
class Builder //鎶借薄鍩虹被
{
public:
virtual void BuilderPartA() {} //鎻愪緵緙虹渷瀹炵幇
virtual void BuilderPartB() {}
virtual void BuilderPartC() {}
protected:
Builder() {}
} ;
// class ConcreteBuilder1
class ConcreteBuilder1 : public Builder //鍒涘緩Product1
{
public:
ConcreteBuilder1() : _product(NULL) {}
virtual void BuilderPartA() { /*...*/ }
virtual void BuilderPartB() { /*...*/ }
virtual void BuilderPartC() { /*...*/ }
virtual Product1* GetProduct1() { return _product ; } //榪斿洖鍒涘緩鐨凱roduct1瀵硅薄
private:
Product1 *_product ;
} ;
// class ConcreteBuilder2
class ConcreteBuilder2 : public Builder //鍒涘緩Product2
{
public:
ConcreteBuilder2() : _product(NULL) {}
virtual void BuilderPartA() { /*...*/ }
virtual void BuilderPartB() { /*...*/ }
virtual void BuilderPartC() { /*...*/ }
virtual Product2* GetProduct2() { return _product ; } //榪斿洖鍒涘緩鐨凱roduct2瀵硅薄
private:
Product2 *_product ;
} ;
// class Director
class Director
{
public:
//鍒涘緩瀵硅薄(Director騫朵笉鐭ラ亾鍏蜂綋鍒涘緩鍑烘潵鐨勫璞℃槸浠涔堟牱鐨勶紝鍙湁璋冪敤璇ュ嚱鏁扮殑client鐭ラ亾)
void Construct(Builder *builder)
{
builder->BuilderPartA() ;
builder->BuilderPartB() ;
builder->BuilderPartC() ;
}
} ;
}
瀹㈡埛绔唬鐮侊細
{
using namespace DesignPattern_Builder ;
Director director ;
// 鍒涘緩絎竴縐嶅璞?br>ConcreteBuilder1 *pBuilder1 = new ConcreteBuilder1() ;
director.Construct(pBuilder1) ;
Product1 *product1 = pBuilder1->GetProduct1() ;
// 鍒涘緩絎簩縐嶅璞?br>ConcreteBuilder2 *pBuilder2 = new ConcreteBuilder2() ;
director.Construct(pBuilder2) ;
Product2 *product2 = pBuilder2->GetProduct2() ;
}
銆銆鍥涖佸疄渚?/p>
銆銆(1)渚嬪瓙涓銆傚涓嬪浘鎵紺猴細
涓婂浘鐨勫姛鑳芥槸鏄妸涓涓猂TF鏂囦歡杞崲涓哄縐嶆鏂囨牸寮忋俁TFReader榪涜璇硶鍒嗘瀽錛岀劧鍚庡皢鎵鏈夌殑token涓查愪竴杞崲銆傚彲瑙乥uilder灝辨槸涓姝ユ鍦版妸鍚勪釜閮ㄥ垎緇勮涓轟竴涓暣浣撱傚畠灝侀棴浜嗙粍瑁呯殑鏂規硶錛岀粍瑁呭嚭鏉ョ殑瀵硅薄涔熷ぇ鐩稿緞搴?br>
| C++璁捐妯″紡涔婸rototype |
| 2002-08-01· · ··COM闆嗕腑钀? |
| 銆銆涓銆佸姛鑳?/strong> 銆銆鐢ㄥ師鍨嬪疄渚嬫寚瀹氬垱寤哄璞＄殑縐嶇被錛屽茍涓旈氳繃鎷瘋礉榪欎簺鍘熷瀷鍒涘緩鏂扮殑瀵硅薄銆? 銆銆浜屻佺粨鏋勫浘 |
涓夈佷紭緙虹偣
銆銆浼樼偣錛氬鍒惰嚜韜傚鎴蜂笉鐭ラ亾闇瑕佸璞＄殑瀹為檯綾誨瀷錛屽彧闇鐭ラ亾瀹冪殑鎶借薄鍩虹被鍗沖彲銆?鍗蟲湁緇ф壙鏍戠殑鎯呭喌)
銆銆緙虹偣錛氬繀欏誨厛鏈変竴涓璞″疄渚?鍗沖師鍨?鎵嶈兘clone銆?
銆銆鍥涖佺ず渚嬩唬鐮?/p>
namespace DesignPattern_Prototype
{
// class Prototype
class Prototype //鎶借薄鍩虹被
{
public:
virtual Prototype* Clone() = 0 ;
} ;
// class ConcretePrototype1
class ConcretePrototype1 : public Prototype
{
public:
virtual Prototype* Clone()
{
ConcretePrototype1 *p = new ConcretePrototype1() ;
*p = *this ; //澶嶅埗瀵硅薄
return p ;
}
} ;
// class ConcretePrototype2
class ConcretePrototype2 : public Prototype
{
public:
virtual Prototype* Clone()
{
ConcretePrototype2 *p = new ConcretePrototype2() ;
*p = *this ; //澶嶅埗瀵硅薄
return p ;
}
} ;
}
瀹㈡埛绔唬鐮侊細
{
using namespace DesignPattern_Prototype ;
ConcretePrototype1 *obj1 = new ConcretePrototype1() ;//鍘熷瀷瀵硅薄1
ConcretePrototype2 *obj2 = new ConcretePrototype2() ;//鍘熷瀷瀵硅薄2
Prototype *newobj1 = obj1->Clone() ;//鍏嬮殕瀵硅薄1
Prototype *newobj2 = obj2->Clone() ;//鍏嬮殕瀵硅薄2
//浣跨敤澶嶅埗鍑虹殑瀵硅薄newobj1鍜宯ewobj2
}
銆銆浜斻佸疄渚?/p>
銆鍦ㄤ竴涓浘褰㈢紪杈戝櫒涓紝姣忎竴涓浘褰㈠厓绱狅紝濡傜嚎銆佸渾銆佹枃瀛楃瓑閮藉簲璇ユ敮鎸佹嫹璐濇搷浣滐紝鍗崇偣涓浘褰紝鎸変笅Ctrl+C錛屽啀鎸変笅Ctrl+V鍚庡氨浼氬鍒朵竴涓柊鐨勫浘褰€傛樉鐒惰繖鏄竴縐峜lone鎿嶄綔銆傛墍浠ュ湪姣忎釜浠嶨raphic媧劇敓鍑虹殑鍥懼艦瀛愮被閮藉簲榪愮敤Prototype妯″紡錛屽姞涓奀lone鎿嶄綔銆?br>
| C++璁捐妯″紡涔婩actory Method |
| 2002-08-05· · ··COM闆嗕腑钀? |
| 銆銆涓銆佸姛鑳?/strong> 銆銆瀹氫箟涓涓敤浜庡垱寤哄璞＄殑鎺ュ彛錛岃瀛愮被鍐沖畾瀹炰緥鍖栧摢涓涓被銆侳actory Method 浣夸竴涓被鐨勫疄渚嬪寲寤惰繜鍒板叾瀛愮被銆? 銆銆浜屻佺粨鏋勫浘 |
涓夈佸疄鐜?/p>
(1)鍦ㄦ煇浜涙儏鍐典笅錛屾瘮濡備粎浠呬負浜嗗垱寤洪傚綋鐨凱roduct瀵硅薄鑰屾淳鐢熸柊鐨凜reator瀛愮被錛屽茍涓斿垱寤轟笉鍚孭roduct鐨勬柟娉曚竴鑷存椂錛屽彲浠ヨ冭檻鐢ㄦā鏉夸唬鏇跨戶鎵褲傚錛?
class Creator
{
public:
virtual Product* CreateProduct() = 0 ;
};
template < class ConcreteProduct >
class ConcreteCreator: public Creator
{
public:
virtual Product* CreateProduct() { return new ConcreteProduct() ; }
};
銆銆妯℃澘涓庣戶鎵跨殑鏈川鍖哄埆涔嬩竴鏄細妯℃澘錛氳涓轟笉渚濊禆浜庣被鍨嬨傜戶鎵匡細琛屼負渚濊禆浜庣被鍨嬨?Effective C++ Item 41) 浜嬪疄涓婏紝鍦ㄥ緢澶氭ā寮忎腑閮藉瓨鍦ㄧ潃鍙互鐢ㄦā鏉夸唬鏇跨戶鎵跨殑鎯呭喌錛屽叾鏍規湰鍘熷洜灝卞湪浜庡瓙綾葷殑琛屼負鏄竴鑷寸殑銆?
銆銆鍥涖佺ず渚嬩唬鐮?/p>
namespace DesignPattern_FactoryMethod
{
class Product { /*...*/ } ;
class ConcreteProduct : public Product { /*...*/ } ;
// class Creator
class Creator
{
public:
virtual Product* CreateProduct() = 0 ;
void Operate() ;
} ;
void Creator::Operate()
{
// ...
Product *p = CreateProduct() ;
// ...
}
// class ConcreteCreator
class ConcreteCreator : public Creator
{
public:
virtual Product* CreateProduct() { return new ConcreteProduct() ; }
} ;
}
瀹㈡埛绔唬鐮侊細
{
using namespace DesignPattern_FactoryMethod ;
ConcreteCreator p ;
p.Operate() ;
}
銆銆榪欓噷鐨凜reateProduct鍏跺疄涔熸槸涓涓猅emplate Method銆?
銆銆浜斻佸疄渚?/p>
銆銆Factory Method鐨勮繍鐢ㄥお騫挎硾浜嗭紝瀹冪粡甯歌繍鐢ㄥ湪鍏跺畠妯″紡涓紝鍏跺疄渚嬩婦涓嶈儨鏁般?
(1)
MFC涓殑CDocument綾誨氨鍖呭惈浜嗙被浼間簬涓婂浘CApplication涓殑涓変釜鍑芥暟銆傝繖閲岀殑CreateDocument灝辨槸涓涓猣actory method錛屽洜涓哄畠璐熻矗鍒涘緩涓涓枃妗ｅ璞°?
銆銆(2)
褰撲竴涓被灝嗗畠鐨勪竴浜涜亴璐ｅ鎵樼粰涓涓嫭绔嬬殑綾繪椂錛屽氨浜х敓浜?strong>騫寵綾誨眰嬈?/strong>銆備笂鍥句腑Figure鍜孧anipulator灝辨槸騫寵綾誨眰嬈★紝Figure浠ｈ〃涓浜涘浘褰㈠厓绱狅紝濡傜嚎銆佹枃瀛楃瓑錛孧anipulator琛ㄧず浣滅敤浜庤繖浜涘浘褰㈠厓绱犵殑鎿嶄綔錛屽鎷栨媺銆佺Щ鍔ㄣ侀変腑絳夈傚鏋滆繖浜涙搷浣滄墍闇瑕佺殑鐘舵佷俊鎭茍涓嶉渶瑕佷繚瀛樺湪Figure涓紝閭ｄ箞鎶奆igure鍜孧anipulator鍒嗘垚涓や釜綾誨眰嬈℃槸涓ソ涓繪剰銆傝繖閲岀殑CreateManipulator灝辨槸涓涓猣actory method銆?br>
| C++璁捐妯″紡涔婥omposite |
| 2002-08-06· · ··COM闆嗕腑钀? |
| 銆銆涓銆佸姛鑳?/strong> 銆銆琛ㄧず“閮ㄥ垎-鏁翠綋”鍏崇郴錛屽茍浣跨敤鎴蜂互涓鑷寸殑鏂瑰紡浣跨敤鍗曚釜瀵硅薄鍜岀粍鍚堝璞°? 銆銆浜屻佺粨鏋勫浘 |
涓婂浘涓紝涔熷彲浠ュ仛浜涙墿灞曪紝鏍規嵁闇瑕佸彲浠ュ皢Leaf鍜孋omposite鍋氫負鎶借薄鍩虹被錛屼粠涓淳鐢熷嚭瀛愮被鏉ャ?
銆銆涓夈佷紭緙虹偣
銆銆浼樼偣錛氬浜嶤omposite妯″紡錛屼篃璁鎬漢浠竴寮濮嬬殑娉ㄦ剰鍔涗細闆嗕腑鍦ㄥ畠鏄浣曞疄鐜扮粍鍚堝璞＄殑銆備絾Composite鏈閲嶈涔嬪鍦ㄤ簬鐢ㄦ埛騫朵笉鍏沖績鏄粍鍚堝璞¤繕鏄崟涓璞★紝鐢ㄦ埛灝嗕互緇熶竴鐨勬柟寮忚繘琛屽鐞嗭紝鎵浠ュ熀綾誨簲鏄粠鍗曚釜瀵硅薄鍜岀粍鍚堝璞′腑鎻愬嚭鐨勫叕鍏辨帴鍙ｃ?
銆銆緙虹偣錛欳omposite鏈澶х殑闂鍦ㄤ簬涓嶅鏄撻檺鍒剁粍鍚堜腑鐨勭粍浠躲?
銆銆鍥涖佸疄鐜?/p>
銆銆鏈夋椂闇瑕侀檺鍒剁粍鍚堜腑鐨勭粍浠訛紝鍗沖笇鏈涗竴涓狢omposite鍙兘鏈夋煇浜涚壒瀹氱殑Leaf銆傝繖涓棶棰樻垜鏄敤澶氱戶鎵垮拰鍔ㄦ佺被鍨嬭漿鎹㈡潵瑙ｅ喅鐨勩傚亣濡傜粍鍚堝璞omposite1鍙兘鍖呭惈鍗曚釜瀵硅薄ConcreteLeaf1錛孋omposite2鍙互鍖呭惈鍗曚釜瀵硅薄ConcreteLeaf1鍜孋oncreteLeaf2銆傚涓嬪浘鎵紺猴細
涓婂浘涓殑綾誨眰嬈℃瘮杈冨錛屼嬌鐢ㄤ簡AbstractLeaf1鍜孉bstractLeaf2錛屼絾娌′嬌鐢ˋbstractComposite1鍜孉bstractComposite2錛岃繖涓茍涓嶉噸瑕侊紝涔熷彲浠ユ妸AbstractLeaf1鍜孉bstractLeaf2鍘繪帀錛岃繖涓茍涓嶉噸瑕侊紝鍙互鏍規嵁鍏蜂綋鎯呭喌鍐沖畾瑕佷笉瑕併?
綆鍗曠殑浠ｇ爜瀹炵幇濡備笅錛?
namespace DesignPattern_Composite
{
class Component
{
public:
virtual void operation() = 0 ;
virtual void Add(Component*) {}
} ;
class AbstractComponent1 : virtual public Component {} ;
class AbstractLeaf1 : virtual public AbstractComponent1 {} ;
class Composite1 : public AbstractComponent1
{
public:
virtual void operation() { /* do operation */ }
virtual void Add(Component*) ;
} ;
void Composite1::Add(Component *p)
{
AbstractComponent1 *pc1 = dynamic_cast錛淎BSTRACTCOMPONENT1*錛?p) ;
if (pc1 == NULL) return ;
// do add operation
}
class AbstractComponent2 : virtual public Component {} ;
class AbstractLeaf2 : virtual public AbstractComponent2 {} ;
class Composite2 : public AbstractComponent2
{
public:
virtual void operation() { /* do operation */ }
virtual void Add(Component*) ;
} ;
void Composite2::Add(Component *p)
{
AbstractComponent2 *pc2 = dynamic_cast錛淎BSTRACTCOMPONENT2*>(p) ;
if (pc2 == NULL) return ;
// do add operation
}
class ConcreteLeaf1 : public AbstractLeaf1
{
public:
virtual void operation() { /* do operation */ }
} ;
class ConcreteLeaf2 : public AbstractLeaf1, public AbstractLeaf2
{
public:
virtual void operation() { /* do operation */ }
} ;
}
瀹㈡埛绔唬鐮侊細
锝?br>using namespace DesignPattern_Composite ;
Component *pc1 = new ConcreteLeaf1() ;
Component *pc2 = new ConcreteLeaf2() ;
Component *pc3 = new Composite1() ;
Component *pc4 = new Composite2() ;
pc3->Add(pc1) ; // ok
pc3->Add(pc2) ; // ok
pc3->Add(pc3) ; // ok
pc3->Add(pc4) ; // fail
pc4->Add(pc1) ; // fail
pc4->Add(pc2) ; // ok
pc4->Add(pc3) ; // fail
pc4->Add(pc4) ; // ok
}
銆銆鏈変袱鐐歸渶瑕佹敞鎰忥紝涓鏄洜涓虹敤浜嗗緇ф壙錛屾墍浠ラ渶瑕佷嬌鐢╲irtual inheritance銆備簩鏄鐢╠ynamic_cast鏉ュ垽鏂槸鍚﹀厑璁哥粍鍚堣緇勪歡銆?/p>
銆銆浜斻佺ず渚嬩唬鐮?/p>
namespace DesignPattern_Composite
{
// class Component
class Component
{
public:
virtual void Operation() = 0 ;
virtual void Add(Component*) {}
} ;
// class Leaf
class Leaf : public Component
{
public:
virtual void Operation() {}
} ;
// class Composite
class Composite : public Component
{
public:
virtual void Add(Component *p) { _list.push_back(p) ; }
virtual void Operation()
{
vector< Component* >::const_iterator it ;
for (it = _list.begin(); it != _list.end(); it++)
(*it)->Operation() ;
}
private:
vector< Component* > _list ;
} ;
}
銆銆鍏佸疄渚?/p>
銆銆(1)JUnit涓氨鐢ㄧ殑鏄疌omposite妯″紡銆?
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