STEP1錛?/span>
B鍚慍鐨処P1鐨刾ort1绔彛鍙戦佷竴涓猆DP鍖呫侰鏀跺埌榪欎釜鍖呭悗錛屼細鎶婂畠鏀跺埌鍖呯殑婧怚P鍜宲ort鍐欏埌UDP鍖呬腑錛岀劧鍚庢妸姝ゅ寘閫氳繃IP1鍜宲ort1鍙戣繕緇橞銆傝繖涓狪P鍜宲ort涔熷氨鏄疦AT鐨勫緗慖P鍜宲ort錛屼篃灝辨槸璇碪AC鍦⊿TEP1涓氨寰楀埌浜哊AT鐨勫緗慖P銆?br>濡傛灉鍦║AC鍚戜竴涓猄TUN鏈嶅姟鍣ㄥ彂閫佹暟鎹寘鍚庯紝娌℃湁鏀跺埌STUN鐨勪換浣曞洖搴斿寘錛岄偅鍙湁涓ょ鍙兘錛?銆丼TUN鏈嶅姟鍣ㄤ笉瀛樺湪錛屾垨鑰卲ort寮勯敊浜嗭紱2銆佷綘鐨凬AT鎷掔粷涓鍒嘦DP鍖呬粠澶栭儴鍚戝唴閮ㄩ氳繃錛堟垜浠叕鍙哥殑NAT灝辨槸錛夈?br>褰揃鏀跺埌姝DP鍚庯紝鎶婃UDP涓殑IP鍜岃嚜宸辯殑IP鍋氭瘮杈冿紝濡傛灉鏄竴鏍風殑錛屽氨璇存槑鑷繁鏄湪鍏綉銆傚鏋滀笉涓鏍鳳紝璇存槑鏈塏AT鐨勫瓨鍦紝緋葷粺榪涜STEP2鐨勬搷浣溿?br>
STEP2錛?/span>
B鍚慍鐨処P1鍙戦佷竴涓猆DP鍖咃紝璇鋒眰C閫氳繃鍙﹀涓涓狪P2鍜孭ORT錛堜笉鍚屼笌SETP1鐨処P1錛夊悜B榪斿洖涓涓猆DP鏁版嵁鍖咃紙鐜板湪鐭ラ亾涓轟粈涔圕瑕佹湁涓や釜IP浜嗗惂錛屽懙鍛碉級銆?br>鎴戜滑鏉ュ垎鏋愪竴涓嬶紝濡傛灉B鏀跺埌浜嗚繖涓暟鎹寘錛岄偅璇存槑浠涔堬紵璇存槑NAT鏉ヨ呬笉鎷掞紝涓嶅鏁版嵁鍖呰繘琛屼換浣曡繃婊わ紝榪欎篃灝辨槸STUN鏍囧噯涓殑full cone NAT銆傞仐鎲劇殑鏄紝full cone NAT澶皯浜嗭紝榪欎篃鎰忓懗鐫浣犺兘鏀跺埌榪欎釜鏁版嵁鍖呯殑鍙兘鎬т笉澶с傚鏋滄病鏀跺埌錛岄偅涔堢郴緇熻繘琛孲TEP3鐨勬搷浣溿?br>
STEP3錛?/span>
B鍚慍鐨処P2鐨刾ort2鍙戦佷竴涓暟鎹寘錛孋鏀跺埌鏁版嵁鍖呭悗錛屾妸瀹冩敹鍒板寘鐨勬簮IP鍜宲ort鍐欏埌UDP鍖呬腑錛岀劧鍚庨氳繃鑷繁鐨処P2鍜宲ort2鎶婃鍖呭彂榪樼粰B銆傚拰step1涓鏍鳳紝B鑲畾鑳芥敹鍒拌繖涓洖搴擴DP鍖呫傛鍖呬腑鐨刾ort鏄垜浠渶鍏沖績鐨勬暟鎹紝涓嬮潰鎴戜滑鏉ュ垎鏋愶細
濡傛灉榪欎釜port鍜宻tep1涓殑port涓鏍鳳紝閭ｄ箞鍙互鑲畾榪欎釜NAT鏄釜CONE NAT錛屽惁鍒欐槸瀵圭ОNAT銆傞亾鐞嗗緢綆鍗曪細鏍規嵁瀵圭ОNAT鐨勮鍒欙紝褰撶洰鐨勫湴鍧鐨処P鍜宲ort鏈変換浣曚竴涓敼鍙橈紝閭ｄ箞NAT閮戒細閲嶆柊鍒嗛厤涓涓猵ort浣跨敤錛岃屽湪step3涓紝鍜宻tep1瀵瑰簲錛屾垜浠敼鍙樹簡IP鍜宲ort銆傚洜姝わ紝濡傛灉鏄縐癗AT,閭ｈ繖涓や釜port鑲畾鏄笉鍚岀殑銆?br>濡傛灉鍦ㄤ綘鐨勫簲鐢ㄤ腑錛屽埌姝ゆ鐨勬椂鍊橮ORT鏄笉鍚岀殑錛屾伃鍠滀綘錛屼綘鐨凷TUN宸茬粡姝諱簡銆傚鏋滀笉鍚岋紝閭ｄ箞鍙墿涓嬩簡restrict cone鍜宲ort restrict cone銆傜郴緇熺敤step4鎺㈡祴鏄槸鍝竴縐嶃?br>
STEP4錛?/span>
B鍚慍鐨処P2鐨勪竴涓鍙D鍙戦佷竴涓暟鎹姹傚寘錛岃姹侰鐢↖P2鍜屼笉鍚屼簬PD鐨刾ort榪斿洖涓涓暟鎹寘緇橞銆?br>鎴戜滑鏉ュ垎鏋愮粨鏋滐細濡傛灉B鏀跺埌浜嗭紝閭ｄ篃灝辨剰鍛崇潃鍙IP鐩稿悓錛屽嵆浣縫ort涓嶅悓錛孨AT涔熷厑璁窾DP鍖呴氳繃銆傛樉鐒惰繖鏄痳estrict cone NAT銆傚鏋滄病鏀跺埌錛屾病鍒殑濂借錛宲ort restrict NAT.
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鑰冭檻鍒癠DP鐨勬棤鐘舵佺壒鎬э紝鐩墠閽堝鍏剁殑NAT瀹炵幇澶ц嚧鍙垎涓篎ull Cone銆丷estricted Cone銆丳ort Restricted Cone鍜孲ymmetric NAT鍥涚銆傚煎緱鎸囧嚭鐨勬槸錛屽浜嶵CP鍗忚鑰岃█錛屼竴鑸潵璇達紝鐩墠NAT涓拡瀵筎CP鐨勫疄鐜板熀鏈笂鏄竴鑷寸殑錛屽叾闂村茍涓嶅瓨鍦ㄥお澶у樊寮傦紝榪欐槸鍥犱負TCP鍗忚鏈韓渚挎槸闈㈠悜榪炴帴鐨勶紝鍥犳鏃犻渶鑰冭檻緗戠粶榪炴帴鏃犵姸鎬佹墍甯︽潵澶嶆潅鎬с?/p>
鐢ㄨ瀹氫箟
1.鍐呴儴Tuple錛氭寚鍐呴儴涓繪満鐨勭鏈夊湴鍧鍜岀鍙ｅ彿鎵鏋勬垚鐨勪簩鍏冪粍錛屽嵆鍐呴儴涓繪満鎵鍙戦佹姤鏂囩殑婧愬湴鍧銆佺鍙ｆ墍鏋勬垚鐨勪簩鍏冪粍
2.澶栭儴Tuple錛氭寚鍐呴儴Tuple緇忚繃NAT鐨勬簮鍦板潃/绔彛杞崲涔嬪悗錛屾墍鑾峰緱鐨勫閮ㄥ湴鍧銆佺鍙ｆ墍鏋勬垚鐨勪簩鍏冪粍錛屽嵆澶栭儴涓繪満鏀跺埌緇廚AT杞崲涔嬪悗鐨勬姤鏂囨椂錛屽畠鎵鐪嬪埌鐨勮鎶ユ枃鐨勬簮鍦板潃錛堥氬父鏄疦AT璁懼鐨勫湴鍧錛夊拰婧愮鍙?br />3.鐩爣Tuple錛氭寚澶栭儴涓繪満鐨勫湴鍧銆佺鍙ｆ墍鏋勬垚鐨勪簩鍏冪粍錛屽嵆鍐呴儴涓繪満鎵鍙戦佹姤鏂囩殑鐩爣鍦板潃銆佺鍙ｆ墍鏋勬垚鐨勪簩鍏冪粍
璇︾粏閲婁箟
1. Full Cone NAT錛氭墍鏈夋潵鑷悓涓涓唴閮═uple X鐨勮姹傚潎琚玁AT杞崲鑷沖悓涓涓閮═uple Y錛岃屼笉綆¤繖浜涜姹傛槸涓嶆槸灞炰簬鍚屼竴涓簲鐢ㄦ垨鑰呮槸澶氫釜搴旂敤鐨勩傞櫎姝や箣澶栵紝褰揦-Y鐨勮漿鎹㈠叧緋誨緩绔嬩箣鍚庯紝浠繪剰澶栭儴涓繪満鍧囧彲闅忔椂灝哬涓殑鍦板潃鍜岀鍙ｄ綔涓虹洰鏍囧湴鍧鍜岀洰鏍囩鍙ｏ紝鍚戝唴閮ㄤ富鏈哄彂閫乁DP鎶ユ枃錛岀敱浜庡澶栭儴璇鋒眰鐨勬潵婧愭棤浠諱綍闄愬埗錛屽洜姝よ繖縐嶆柟寮忚櫧鐒惰凍澶熺畝鍗曪紝浣嗗嵈涓嶉偅涔堝畨鍏?br />
2. Restricted Cone NAT錛氬畠鏄疐ull Cone鐨勫彈闄愮増鏈細鎵鏈夋潵鑷悓涓涓唴閮═uple X鐨勮姹傚潎琚玁AT杞崲鑷沖悓涓涓閮═uple Y錛岃繖涓嶧ull Cone鐩稿悓錛屼絾涓嶅悓鐨勬槸錛屽彧鏈夊綋鍐呴儴涓繪満鏇劇粡鍙戦佽繃鎶ユ枃緇欏閮ㄤ富鏈猴紙鍋囪鍏禝P鍦板潃涓篫錛夊悗錛屽閮ㄤ富鏈烘墠鑳戒互Y涓殑淇℃伅浣滀負鐩爣鍦板潃鍜岀洰鏍囩鍙ｏ紝鍚戝唴閮ㄤ富鏈哄彂閫乁DP璇鋒眰鎶ユ枃錛岃繖鎰忓懗鐫錛孨AT璁懼鍙悜鍐呰漿鍙戯紙鐩爣鍦板潃/绔彛杞崲錛夐偅浜涙潵鑷簬褰撳墠宸茬煡鐨勫閮ㄤ富鏈虹殑UDP鎶ユ枃錛屼粠鑰屼繚闅滀簡澶栭儴璇鋒眰鏉ユ簮鐨勫畨鍏ㄦ?br />
3. Port Restricted Cone NAT錛氬畠鏄疪estricted Cone NAT鐨勮繘涓姝ュ彈闄愮増銆傚彧鏈夊綋鍐呴儴涓繪満鏇劇粡鍙戦佽繃鎶ユ枃緇欏閮ㄤ富鏈猴紙鍋囪鍏禝P鍦板潃涓篫涓旂鍙ｄ負P錛変箣鍚庯紝澶栭儴涓繪満鎵嶈兘浠涓殑淇℃伅浣滀負鐩爣鍦板潃鍜岀洰鏍囩鍙ｏ紝鍚戝唴閮ㄤ富鏈哄彂閫乁DP鎶ユ枃錛屽悓鏃訛紝鍏惰姹傛姤鏂囩殑婧愮鍙ｅ繀欏諱負P錛岃繖涓瑕佹眰榪涗竴姝ュ己鍖栦簡瀵瑰閮ㄦ姤鏂囪姹傛潵婧愮殑闄愬埗錛屼粠鑰岃緝Restrictd Cone鏇村叿瀹夊叏鎬?br />
4. Symmetric NAT錛氳繖鏄竴縐嶆瘮鎵鏈塁one NAT閮借鏇翠負鐏墊椿鐨勮漿鎹㈡柟寮忥細鍦–one NAT涓紝鍐呴儴涓繪満鐨勫唴閮═uple涓庡閮═uple鐨勮漿鎹㈡槧灝勫叧緋繪槸鐙珛浜庡唴閮ㄤ富鏈烘墍鍙戝嚭鐨刄DP鎶ユ枃涓殑鐩爣鍦板潃鍙婄鍙ｇ殑錛屽嵆涓庣洰鏍嘥uple鏃犲叧錛涘湪Symmetric NAT涓紝鐩爣Tuple鍒欐垚涓轟簡NAT璁懼寤虹珛杞崲鍏崇郴鐨勪竴涓噸瑕佽冮噺錛氬彧鏈夋潵鑷簬鍚屼竴涓唴閮═uple 銆佷笖閽堝鍚屼竴鐩爣Tuple鐨勮姹傛墠琚玁AT杞崲鑷沖悓涓涓閮═uple錛屽惁鍒欑殑璇濓紝NAT灝嗕負涔嬪垎閰嶄竴涓柊鐨勫閮═uple錛涙墦涓瘮鏂癸紝褰撳唴閮ㄤ富鏈轟互鐩稿悓鐨勫唴閮═uple瀵?涓笉鍚岀殑鐩爣Tuple鍙戦乁DP鎶ユ枃鏃訛紝姝ゆ椂NAT灝嗕細涓哄唴閮ㄤ富鏈哄垎閰嶄袱涓笉鍚岀殑澶栭儴Tuple錛屽茍涓斿緩绔嬭搗涓や釜涓嶅悓鐨勫唴銆佸閮═uple杞崲鍏崇郴銆備笌姝ゅ悓鏃訛紝鍙湁鎺ユ敹鍒頒簡鍐呴儴涓繪満鎵鍙戦佺殑鏁版嵁鍖呯殑澶栭儴涓繪満鎵嶈兘鍚戝唴閮ㄤ富鏈鴻繑鍥濽DP鎶ユ枃錛岃繖閲屽澶栭儴榪斿洖鎶ユ枃鏉ユ簮鐨勯檺鍒舵槸涓嶱ort Restricted Cone涓鑷寸殑銆備笉闅劇湅鍑猴紝濡傛灉璇碏ull Cone鏄姹傛渶瀹芥澗NAT UDP杞崲鏂瑰紡錛岄偅涔堬紝Symmetric NAT鍒欐槸瑕佹眰鏈涓ユ牸鐨凬AT鏂瑰紡錛屽叾涓嶄粎浣撶幇鍦ㄨ漿鎹㈠叧緋葷殑寤虹珛涓婏紝鑰屼笖榪樹綋鐜板湪瀵瑰閮ㄦ姤鏂囨潵婧愮殑闄愬埗鏂歸潰銆?br />
鍙傝冿細UDP"鎵撴礊"鍘熺悊
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2. Linux鎻愪緵浜?涓櫄鎷熸帶鍒跺彴錛屽湪Console涓嬬敤Alt+F1~F6鍒囨崲錛岃屽湪X-window涓嬪垯鐢–trl+Alt+F1~F6鍒囨崲錛涙敞鎰忥紝铏氭嫙鎺у埗鍙?榛樿涓篨-Windows錛涘湪VMWare涓紝搴旇鎸塁trl+Alt+Space+F1~F7
3. 濡備綍鏇存敼寮曞Console灞忓箷鐨勫垎杈ㄧ巼
鎵撳紑/boot/grub/menu.lst錛屽湪kernel瀛楁牱琛屾湯榪藉姞vga=0x314(800*600*16)錛屾垨vga=0x317(1024*768*16)
4. lftp/ncftp鏄袱涓敮鎸乮pv6鐨刦tp client
5. 鎵嬪伐閰嶇疆緗戠粶
/etc/resolv.conf
/etc/hosts
/etc/sysconfig/network
/etc/sysconfig/networking/devices/ifcfg-eth0
/etc/sysconfig/networking/profiles/default/*
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0p
---------------------------------------------------
/etc/init.d/network restart
/etc/rc.d/init.d/network restart
service network restart
6. 鏌ョ湅緋葷粺閰嶇疆
#cat /proc/cpuinfo
#cat /proc/meminfo
#fdisk -l
#lspci
7. 姣旇緝鑰楃殑鍑犱釜鍛戒護澶囧繕
prelink / updatedb / makewhatis
8. 鍚敤(涓嶅惎鐢?浜ゆ崲鍒嗗尯 swapon -s / swapoff
9. 浣跨敤U鐩橈細fdisk -l鐪婾鐩樼洏絎︼紝鐒跺悗mount -t vfat /dev/sda1 /mnt/usb錛屽嵏杞界敤umount /dev/sda1
10. 鍦?etc/sysconfig/network-scripts涓殑ifcfg-eth0鑴氭湰涓彲浠ヤ慨鏀圭綉鍗＄殑MAC鍦板潃鍙婂叾涓嶪P鍦板潃鐨勭粦瀹氬叧緋?br>
11. 淇敼fstab鏃訛紝涓嶈鐢╨abel錛岃屽簲璇ョ洿鎺ュ～鍏disk -l鎵寰楀埌鐨勫鹼紝濡?dev/hda8絳?br>
12. 鏈塱so鍜寃inxp錛屽浣曚粠紜洏瀹夎鏈湴鐨凩inux錛堝弻緋葷粺錛?
鍙樻佸ぇ娉曪紝鍦╳inxp閲岄潰瑁呬竴涓獀mware錛屾妸鏁翠釜鐗╃悊鐩樺綋浣滀竴涓櫄鎷熺洏鎸備笂(entire disk)錛屽湪vmware閲岄潰鐢╥so瑁卨inux錛岃濂戒互鍚庨噸鍚?..璁板緱棣栧厛蹇呴』鍦▁p涓敤紓佺洏綆＄悊鍣ㄥ皢瑕佸垝緇檒inux鐨勫垎鍖哄拰閫昏緫鐩樼鍏ㄥ嵏杞芥帀錛屽惁鍒檒inux瀹夎浼氬嚭閿?鐢ㄨ繖縐嶆柟娉曟渶閫傚悎鏃犻渶X-windows鐨勬儏鍐?
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瑙ｅ喅鏂規錛氱姝onsole浣跨敤涓枃緙栫爜錛屽湪.bash_profile鎴?bashrc涓皢CHARSET鍜孡ANG鍧囦慨鏀逛負en_US.utf8錛涘悓鏃惰寰楀湪SecureCRT涓皢Session鐨勭紪鐮佹敼涓篣TF-8鍗沖彲銆?br />
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