锘??xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?> 1銆丣DK 錛圝ava Development Kit錛塉ava寮鍙戝伐鍏烽泦 銆銆浠庡垵瀛﹁呰搴︽潵鐪嬶紝閲囩敤JDK寮鍙慗ava紼嬪簭鑳藉寰堝揩鐞嗚В紼嬪簭涓悇閮ㄥ垎浠g爜涔嬮棿鐨勫叧緋伙紝鏈夊埄浜庣悊瑙ava闈㈠悜瀵硅薄鐨勮璁℃濇兂銆侸DK鐨勫彟涓涓樉钁楃壒鐐規(guī)槸闅忕潃Java 錛圝2EE銆丣2SE浠ュ強(qiáng)J2ME錛夌増鏈殑鍗囩駭鑰屽崌綰с備絾瀹冪殑緙虹偣涔熸槸闈炲父鏄庢樉鐨勫氨鏄粠浜嬪ぇ瑙勬ā浼佷笟綰ava搴旂敤寮鍙戦潪甯稿洶闅撅紝涓嶈兘榪涜澶嶆潅鐨凧ava杞歡寮鍙戯紝涔熶笉鍒╀簬鍥綋鍗忓悓寮鍙戙? 2銆丣ava Workshop 3銆丯etBeans 涓嶴un Java Studio 5 銆銆NetBeans鏄紑鏀炬簮鐮佺殑Java闆嗘垚寮鍙戠幆澧?IDE)錛岄傜敤浜庡悇縐嶅鎴鋒満鍜學(xué)eb搴旂敤銆係un Java Studio鏄疭un鍏徃鏈鏂板彂甯冪殑鍟嗙敤鍏ㄥ姛鑳絁ava IDE錛屾敮鎸丼olaris銆丩inux鍜學(xué)indows騫沖彴錛岄備簬鍒涘緩鍜岄儴緗?灞侸ava Web搴旂敤鍜宯灞侸2EE搴旂敤鐨勪紒涓氬紑鍙戜漢鍛樹嬌鐢ㄣ? 銆銆NetBeans鏄笟鐣岀涓嬈炬敮鎸佸垱鏂板瀷Java寮鍙戠殑寮鏀炬簮鐮両DE銆傚紑鍙戜漢鍛樺彲浠ュ埄鐢ㄤ笟鐣屽己澶х殑寮鍙戝伐鍏鋒潵鏋勫緩妗岄潰銆乄eb鎴栫Щ鍔ㄥ簲鐢ㄣ傚悓鏃訛紝閫氳繃NetBeans鍜屽紑鏀劇殑API鐨勬ā鍧楀寲緇撴瀯錛岀涓夋柟鑳藉闈炲父杞繪澗鍦版墿灞曟垨闆嗘垚NetBeans騫沖彴銆? 銆銆NetBeans3.5.1涓昏閽堝涓鑸琂ava杞歡鐨勫紑鍙戣咃紝鑰孞ava One Studio5鍒欎富瑕侀拡瀵逛紒涓氬仛緗戠粶鏈嶅姟絳夊簲鐢ㄧ殑寮鍙戣呫係un涓嶄箙榪樺皢鎺ㄥ嚭Project Rave錛屽叾鐩爣鏄府鍔╀紒涓氱殑寮鍙戣呰繘琛岃蔣浠跺紑鍙戙?/p>
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14銆両ntelliJ 銆銆Intellij IDEA鏄竴嬈劇患鍚堢殑Java 緙栫▼鐜錛岃璁稿寮鍙戜漢鍛樺拰琛屼笟涓撳瑾変負(fù)甯傚満涓婃渶濂界殑IDE銆傚畠鎻愪緵浜嗕竴緋誨垪鏈瀹炵敤鐨勭殑宸ュ叿緇勫悎錛氭櫤鑳界紪鐮佽緟鍔╁拰鑷姩鎺у埗錛屾敮鎸丣2EE錛孉nt錛孞Unit鍜孋VS闆嗘垚錛岄潪騫寵鐨勭紪鐮佹鏌ュ拰鍒涙柊鐨凣UI璁捐鍣ㄣ侷DEA鎶奐ava寮鍙戜漢鍛樹粠涓浜涜楁椂鐨勫父瑙勫伐浣滀腑瑙f斁鍑烘潵錛屾樉钁楀湴鎻愰珮浜嗗紑鍙戞晥鐜囥傚叿鏈夎繍琛屾洿蹇燂紝鐢熸垚鏇村ソ鐨勪唬鐮侊紱鎸佺畫鐨勯噸鏂拌璁″拰鏃ュ父緙栫爜鍙樺緱鏇村姞綆鏄擄紝涓庡叾瀹冨伐鍏風(fēng)殑瀹岀編闆嗘垚錛涘緢楂樼殑鎬т環(huán)姣旂瓑鐗圭偣銆傚湪4.0鐗堟湰涓敮鎸丟enerics錛孊EA WebLogic闆嗘垚錛屾敼鑹殑CVS闆嗘垚浠ュ強(qiáng)GUI璁捐鍣ㄣ? 銆銆IntelliJ IDEA鑳藉敖鍙兘鍦頒績榪涚▼搴忓憳鐨勭紪紼嬮熷害銆傚畠鍖呮嫭浜嗗緢澶氳緟鍔╃殑鍔熻兘錛屽茍涓斾笌Java緇撳悎寰楃浉褰撳ソ銆備笉鍚岀殑宸ュ叿紿楀彛鍥寸粫鍦ㄤ富緙栫▼紿楀彛鍛ㄥ洿錛屽綋榧犳爣鐐瑰埌鏃跺嵆鍙墦寮錛屾棤鐢ㄦ椂涔熷彲杞繪澗鍏抽棴錛屼嬌鐢ㄦ埛寰楀埌浜嗘渶澶у寲鐨勬湁鏁堝睆騫曡寖鍥淬備互鎶鏈負(fù)瀵煎悜鐨処DEA闆嗘垚浜嗚皟璇曞櫒錛屾敮鎸佹湰鍦板拰榪滅▼鐨勮皟璇曪紝鍗充嬌鎴戜滑闇瑕佷慨鏀逛竴浜涜緗笂鐨勪笢瑗夸嬌鎴戜滑鐨勫伐浣滈『鍒╄繘灞曘傚彟澶栵紝瀹冭繕鎻愪緵浜嗛氬父鐨勭洃瑙嗭紝鍒嗘璋冭瘯浠ュ強(qiáng)鎵嬪姩璁劇疆鏂偣鍔熻兘錛屽湪榪欑鏂偣妯″紡涓嬶紝鎴戜滑鍙互鑷姩鍦板湪鏂偣涔嬪璁劇疆鐜板満璁塊棶錛岀敋鑷沖彲浠ユ祻瑙堜笉鍚岀殑鍙橀噺鐨勫箋侷DE鏀寔澶氶噸鐨凧VM璁劇疆錛屽嚑涓紪璇戠▼搴忓拰Ant寤洪犵郴緇燂紝騫朵笖錛屽畠浣垮緱璁劇疆澶氶噸鐨勮嚜瀹氫箟鐨勭被閫斿緞鍙樺緱綆鍗曘? 銆銆IntelliJ Idea鏄竴涓浉瀵硅緝鏂扮殑Java IDE銆傚畠鏄疛ava寮鍙戠幆澧冧腑鏈涓烘湁鐢ㄧ殑涓涓傞珮搴︿紭鍖栫殑IntelleJ Idea浣挎櫘閫氫換鍔″彉寰楃浉褰撳鏄擄紝Idea鏀寔寰堝鏁村悎鍔熻兘錛屾洿閲嶈鐨勪嬌瀹冧滑璁捐鐨勫ソ瀹規(guī)槗浣跨敤銆侷dea鏀寔XML涓殑浠g爜瀹炵幇錛孖dea鍚屾椂榪樹細(xì)鏍℃XML錛孖dea鏀寔JSP鐨勭粨鏋勩備綔鐢ㄤ簬鏅欽ava浠g爜鐨勪紬澶氬姛鑳藉悓鏍烽傜敤浜嶫SP錛堟瘮濡傛暣鍚堝姛鑳斤級(jí)錛屽悓鏃舵敮鎸丣SP璋冭瘯錛涙敮鎸丒JB錛屽敖綆″畠涓嶅寘鎷涓埆搴旂敤鏈嶅姟鍣ㄧ殑鐗規(guī)畩鏀寔銆侷dea鏀寔Ant寤虹珛宸ュ叿錛屼笉浠呮槸榪愯鐩爣瀹冭繕鏀寔緙栬瘧涓庤繍琛岀▼搴忓墠鍚庤繍琛岀洰鏍囷紝鍙﹀涔熸敮鎸佺粦瀹氶敭鐩樺揩鎹烽敭銆傚湪緙栬緫涓涓狝nt寤虹珛XML鏂囦歡鏃訛紝Idea榪樺緇勬垚Ant宸ョ▼鐨刋ML閮ㄥ垎鎻愪緵鏀寔銆侷ntelliJ IDEA 琚О涓烘槸鏈濂界殑JAVA IDE寮鍙戝鉤鍙幫紝榪欏杞歡灝辨槸浠ュ叾鑱槑鐨勫嵆鏃跺垎鏋愬拰鏂逛究 灝忕粨 銆銆鐜板湪甯哥敤鐨凧ava欏圭洰寮鍙戠幆澧冩湁錛欽Builder銆乂isualAge for Java銆丗orte for Java, Visual Cafe銆丒clipse銆丯etBeans IDE銆丣Creator +J2SDK銆乯dk+璁頒簨鏈丒ditPlus+ J2SDK絳夌瓑銆備竴鑸紑鍙慗2EE欏圭洰鏃墮兘闇瑕佸畨瑁呭悇鍏徃鐨勫簲鐢ㄦ湇鍔″櫒錛堜腑闂翠歡錛夊拰鐩稿簲鐨勫紑鍙戝伐鍏鳳紝鍦ㄤ嬌鐢ㄨ繖浜涘紑鍙戝伐鍏蜂箣鍓嶏紝鎴戜滑鏈濂借兘鐔熺煡榪欎簺杞歡鐨勪紭鐐瑰拰緙虹偣錛屼互渚挎牴鎹疄闄呮儏鍐甸夋嫨搴旂敤銆傜紪紼嬪伐鍏峰彧鏄伐鍏鳳紝涓轟簡鏂逛究浜轟滑宸ヤ綔鑰屽紑鍙戠殑錛屽悇鏈夌壒鐐癸紝鍥犳錛岄夊伐鍏蜂富瑕佺殑渚濇嵁鑷繁灝嗚浠庝簨鐨勯鍩熸槸浠涔堬紝鑰屼笉鏄洸鐩殑璁や負(fù)閭g宸ュ叿濂斤紝閭g宸ュ叿涓嶅ソ銆傛渶鍚庡笇鏈涘ぇ瀹墮兘鑳芥壘鍒拌嚜宸卞悎閫傜殑java 寮鍙戝伐鍏楓?/p>
銆銆婧愯嚜錛?a >http://www.javaresearch.org/article/showarticle.jsp?column=91&thread=24920
a铏氭嫙鏈猴紝鍖呮嫭澶氫釜騫跺彂鐨凧ava铏氭嫙鏈猴紙JVM錛夈傛彁渚涗竴涓繙紼嬬鐞哸pplet浠ュ強(qiáng)涓涓繙紼嬪彲鍐嶅垎甯冨紡鐨勭鐞哸pplet銆侸Run Pro Unlimited鍖呮嫭浜嗘墍鏈塉Run Pro鐨勫姛鑳斤紝闄ゆ浠ュ錛岃繕鍙互榪愯鏃犻檺閲忕殑錛屽茍鍙戠殑JVM銆?
鐨?refactoring 鍔熻兘娣辮幏澶у鎵鍠滅埍銆傜己鐐規(guī)槸杈冨鏉傦紝瀵瑰垵瀛﹁呮潵璇達(dá)紝鐞嗚В璧鋒潵姣旇緝鍥伴毦銆?
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濡傛灉浣犲皢婧愮爜浣滀負(fù)浜у搧鍙戝竷錛屽氨闇瑕佺‘浠誨畠鏄惁琚緢濂界殑鎵撳寘騫朵笖娓呮櫚鏃犺銆?/strong>
鎵鏈夌殑婧愭枃浠墮兘搴旇鍦ㄥ紑澶存湁涓涓?span lang=EN-US>C璇█椋庢牸鐨勬敞閲婏紝鍏朵腑鍒楀嚭綾誨悕銆佺増鏈俊鎭佹棩鏈熷拰鐗堟潈澹版槑錛?br>
鍦ㄥ鏁?span>Java婧愭枃浠朵腑錛岀涓涓潪娉ㄩ噴琛屾槸鍖呰鍙ャ傚湪瀹冧箣鍚庡彲浠ヨ窡寮曞叆璇彞銆備緥濡傦細(xì)
package java.awt;
import java.awt.peer.CanvasPeer;
涓嬭〃鎻忚堪浜嗙被鍜屾帴鍙e0鏄庣殑鍚勪釜閮ㄥ垎浠ュ強(qiáng)瀹冧滑鍑虹幇鐨勫厛鍚庢搴忋傚弬瑙?span>"Java婧愭枃浠惰寖渚?/span>"涓竴涓寘鍚敞閲婄殑渚嬪瓙銆?/span>
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綾?span>/鎺ュ彛澹版槑鐨勫悇閮ㄥ垎 |
娉ㄨВ |
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1 |
綾?span>/鎺ュ彛鏂囨。娉ㄩ噴(/**……*/) |
璇ユ敞閲婁腑鎵闇鍖呭惈鐨勪俊鎭紝鍙傝"鏂囨。娉ㄩ噴" |
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2 |
綾繪垨鎺ュ彛鐨勫0鏄?/span> |
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3 |
綾?span>/鎺ュ彛瀹炵幇鐨勬敞閲?span>(/*……*/)濡傛灉鏈夊繀瑕佺殑璇?/span> |
璇ユ敞閲婂簲鍖呭惈浠諱綍鏈夊叧鏁翠釜綾繪垨鎺ュ彛鐨勪俊鎭紝鑰岃繖浜涗俊鎭張涓嶉傚悎浣滀負(fù)綾?span>/鎺ュ彛鏂囨。娉ㄩ噴銆?/span> |
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4 |
綾葷殑(闈欐?span>)鍙橀噺 |
棣栧厛鏄被鐨勫叕鍏卞彉閲忥紝闅忓悗鏄繚鎶ゅ彉閲忥紝鍐嶅悗鏄寘涓綰у埆鐨勫彉閲?span>(娌℃湁璁塊棶淇グ絎︼紝access modifier)錛屾渶鍚庢槸縐佹湁鍙橀噺銆?/span> |
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5 |
瀹炰緥鍙橀噺 |
棣栧厛鏄叕鍏辯駭鍒殑錛岄殢鍚庢槸淇濇姢綰у埆鐨勶紝鍐嶅悗鏄寘涓綰у埆鐨?span>(娌℃湁璁塊棶淇グ絎?span>)錛屾渶鍚庢槸縐佹湁綰у埆鐨勩?/span> |
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6 |
鏋勯犲櫒 |
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7 |
鏂規(guī)硶 |
榪欎簺鏂規(guī)硶搴旇鎸夊姛鑳斤紝鑰岄潪浣滅敤鍩熸垨璁塊棶鏉冮檺錛屽垎緇勩備緥濡傦紝涓涓鏈夌殑綾繪柟娉曞彲浠ョ疆浜庝袱涓叕鏈夌殑瀹炰緥鏂規(guī)硶涔嬮棿銆傚叾鐩殑鏄負(fù)浜嗘洿渚夸簬闃呰鍜岀悊瑙d唬鐮併?/span> |
Java紼嬪簭鏈変袱綾繪敞閲婏細(xì)瀹炵幇娉ㄩ噴(implementation comments)鍜屾枃妗f敞閲?span lang=EN-US>(document comments)銆傚疄鐜版敞閲婃槸閭d簺鍦?span lang=EN-US>C++涓榪囩殑錛屼嬌鐢?span lang=EN-US>/*...*/鍜?span lang=EN-US>//鐣屽畾鐨勬敞閲娿傛枃妗f敞閲?span lang=EN-US>(琚О涓?span lang=EN-US>"doc comments")鏄?span lang=EN-US>Java鐙湁鐨勶紝騫剁敱/**...*/鐣屽畾銆傛枃妗f敞閲婂彲浠ラ氳繃javadoc宸ュ叿杞崲鎴?span lang=EN-US>HTML鏂囦歡銆?span lang=EN-US>
瀹炵幇娉ㄩ噴鐢ㄤ互娉ㄩ噴浠g爜鎴栬呭疄鐜扮粏鑺傘傛枃妗f敞閲婁粠瀹炵幇鑷敱(implementation-free)鐨勮搴︽弿榪頒唬鐮佺殑瑙勮寖銆傚畠鍙互琚偅浜涙墜澶存病鏈夋簮鐮佺殑寮鍙戜漢鍛樿鎳傘?span lang=EN-US>
娉ㄩ噴搴旇鐢ㄦ潵緇欏嚭浠g爜鐨勬繪嫭錛屽茍鎻愪緵浠g爜鑷韓娌℃湁鎻愪緵鐨勯檮鍔犱俊鎭傛敞閲婂簲璇ヤ粎鍖呭惈涓庨槄璇誨拰鐞嗚В紼嬪簭鏈夊叧鐨勪俊鎭備緥濡傦紝鐩稿簲鐨勫寘濡備綍琚緩绔嬫垨浣嶄簬鍝釜鐩綍涓嬩箣綾葷殑淇℃伅涓嶅簲鍖呮嫭鍦ㄦ敞閲婁腑銆?span lang=EN-US>
鍦ㄦ敞閲婇噷錛屽璁捐鍐崇瓥涓噸瑕佺殑鎴栬呬笉鏄樉鑰屾槗瑙佺殑鍦版柟榪涜璇存槑鏄彲浠ョ殑錛屼絾搴旈伩鍏嶆彁渚涗唬鐮佷腑宸辨竻鏅拌〃杈懼嚭鏉ョ殑閲嶅淇℃伅銆傚浣欑殑鐨勬敞閲婂緢瀹規(guī)槗榪囨椂銆傞氬父搴旈伩鍏嶉偅浜涗唬鐮佹洿鏂板氨鍙兘榪囨椂鐨勬敞閲娿?span lang=EN-US>
娉ㄦ剰錛氶綣佺殑娉ㄩ噴鏈夋椂鍙嶆槧鍑轟唬鐮佺殑浣庤川閲忋傚綋浣犺寰楄榪鍔犳敞閲婄殑鏃跺欙紝鑰冭檻涓涓嬮噸鍐欎唬鐮佷嬌鍏舵洿娓呮櫚銆?span lang=EN-US>
鍛藉悕瑙勮寖浣跨▼搴忔洿鏄撹錛屼粠鑰屾洿鏄撲簬鐞嗚В銆傚畠浠篃鍙互鎻愪緵涓浜涙湁鍏蟲爣璇嗙鍔熻兘鐨勪俊鎭紝浠ュ姪浜庣悊瑙d唬鐮侊紝渚嬪錛屼笉璁哄畠鏄竴涓父閲忥紝鍖咃紝榪樻槸綾匯?span lang=EN-US>
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鏍囪瘑絎︾被鍨?span lang=EN-US> |
鍛藉悕瑙勫垯 |
渚嬪瓙 |
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鍖?span lang=EN-US>(Packages) |
涓涓敮涓鍖呭悕鐨勫墠緙鎬繪槸鍏ㄩ儴灝忓啓鐨?span lang=EN-US>ASCII瀛楁瘝騫朵笖鏄竴涓《綰у煙鍚嶏紝閫氬父鏄?span lang=EN-US>com錛?span lang=EN-US>edu錛?span lang=EN-US>gov錛?span lang=EN-US>mil錛?span lang=EN-US>net錛?span lang=EN-US>org錛屾垨1981騫?span lang=EN-US>ISO 3166鏍囧噯鎵鎸囧畾鐨勬爣璇嗗浗瀹剁殑鑻辨枃鍙屽瓧絎︿唬鐮併傚寘鍚嶇殑鍚庣畫閮ㄥ垎鏍規(guī)嵁涓嶅悓鏈烘瀯鍚勮嚜鍐呴儴鐨勫懡鍚嶈鑼冭屼笉灝界浉鍚屻傝繖綾誨懡鍚嶈鑼冨彲鑳戒互鐗瑰畾鐩綍鍚嶇殑緇勬垚鏉ュ尯鍒嗛儴闂?span lang=EN-US>(department)錛岄」鐩?span lang=EN-US>(project)錛屾満鍣?span lang=EN-US>(machine)錛屾垨娉ㄥ唽鍚?span lang=EN-US>(login names)銆?span lang=EN-US> |
com.sun.eng |
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綾?span lang=EN-US>(Classes) |
鍛藉悕瑙勫垯錛氱被鍚嶆槸涓竴鍚嶈瘝錛岄噰鐢ㄥぇ灝忓啓娣峰悎鐨勬柟寮忥紝姣忎釜鍗曡瘝鐨勯瀛楁瘝澶у啓銆傚敖閲忎嬌浣犵殑綾誨悕綆媧佽屽瘜浜庢弿榪般備嬌鐢ㄥ畬鏁村崟璇嶏紝閬垮厤緙╁啓璇?span lang=EN-US>(闄ら潪璇ョ緝鍐欒瘝琚洿騫挎硾浣跨敤錛屽儚URL錛?span lang=EN-US>HTML) |
class Raster; |
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鎺ュ彛(Interfaces) |
鍛藉悕瑙勫垯錛氬ぇ灝忓啓瑙勫垯涓庣被鍚嶇浉浼?span lang=EN-US> |
interface RasterDelegate; |
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鏂規(guī)硶(Methods) |
鏂規(guī)硶鍚嶆槸涓涓姩璇嶏紝閲囩敤澶у皬鍐欐販鍚堢殑鏂瑰紡錛岀涓涓崟璇嶇殑棣栧瓧姣嶅皬鍐欙紝鍏跺悗鍗曡瘝鐨勯瀛楁瘝澶у啓銆?span lang=EN-US> |
run(); |
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鍙橀噺(Variables) |
闄や簡鍙橀噺鍚嶅錛屾墍鏈夊疄渚嬶紝鍖呮嫭綾伙紝綾誨父閲忥紝鍧囬噰鐢ㄥぇ灝忓啓娣峰悎鐨勬柟寮忥紝絎竴涓崟璇嶇殑棣栧瓧姣嶅皬鍐欙紝鍏跺悗鍗曡瘝鐨勯瀛楁瘝澶у啓銆傚彉閲忓悕涓嶅簲浠ヤ笅鍒掔嚎鎴栫編鍏冪鍙峰紑澶達(dá)紝灝界榪欏湪璇硶涓婃槸鍏佽鐨勩?span lang=EN-US> |
char c; |
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瀹炰緥鍙橀噺(Instance Variables) |
澶у皬鍐欒鍒欏拰鍙橀噺鍚嶇浉浼鹼紝闄や簡鍓嶉潰闇瑕佷竴涓笅鍒掔嚎 |
int _employeeId; |
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甯擱噺(Constants) |
綾誨父閲忓拰ANSI甯擱噺鐨勫0鏄庯紝搴旇鍏ㄩ儴澶у啓錛屽崟璇嶉棿鐢ㄤ笅鍒掔嚎闅斿紑銆?span lang=EN-US>(灝介噺閬垮厤ANSI甯擱噺錛屽鏄撳紩璧烽敊璇?span lang=EN-US>) |
static final int MIN_WIDTH = 4; |