鍦ㄥ墠闈竴綃嘼log錛?a id="viewpost1_TitleUrl" href="../archive/2011/10/05/157573.html">Vim瀛︿範絎旇錛変腑浠嬬粛VIM鐨勪嬌鐢ㄧ敤娉曞悗錛岃鏂囩珷杈懼埌浜嗗巻鍙叉х殑鏈楂樿闂噺銆傚湪涓婇潰鐨勯偅綃囨枃绔犱腑錛屼粙緇嶄簡VIM鐨勫熀鏈敤娉曪紝鍩烘湰涓婃槸涓漢鍦ㄨ仈緋籚imtutor榪欎釜鏁欑▼涔嬪悗瀵逛笉鐔熸倝鐨勬寚浠ょ殑鎬葷粨銆備絾鏄紝闅忕潃瀛︿範鐨勬繁鍏ワ紝鍙戠幇鎺屾彙榪欎簺鍩烘湰鐨勫懡浠よ繕榪滆繙涓嶅錛岃櫧鐒剁綉涓婃湁澶ф壒鐨勮祫鏂欏彲浠ヤ笅杞藉涔狅紝浣嗘槸榪簬娌℃湁涓縐嶇被浼間簬鍏ラ棬綰у埆鐨勬暀紼嬶紝鎵浠ヨ繕鏄笇鏈涙湁鐩稿叧鐨勪粠鏈甯哥敤鏈鍩烘湰鐨勭煡璇嗚璧風殑鏁欑▼銆傜洰鍓嶇湅鏉ワ紝銆?a target="_blank">Learn Vim Progressively銆嬭繖綃囨枃绔犲簲璇ユ槸姣旇緝濂界殑鍏ラ棬綰ф暀鏉愪簡鍚э紝鑰岄叿澹沖垯榪涜浜嗙炕璇戯紝緗戝潃鍦ㄨ繖閲?a title="綆鏄?Vim 緇冪駭鏀葷暐">綆鏄?Vim 緇冪駭鏀葷暐錛坔ttp://coolshell.cn/articles/5426.html錛夈備互涓嬫槸鎴戠殑瀛︿範絎旇錛?br />
1. 鎻掑叆錛?br />a: 鍦ㄥ厜鏍囦箣鍚庢彃鍏?br />o: 鍦ㄥ綋鍓嶈鍚庨潰鎻掑叆涓涓柊琛?br />O: 鍦ㄥ綋鍓嶈鍓嶉潰鎻掑叆涓涓柊琛?br />cw: 鏇挎崲浠庡厜鏍囧埌鍚庝竴涓崟璇嶇粨灝劇殑瀛楃銆?br />
2. 縐誨姩錛?br />
0: 縐誨姩鍒拌澶?br />^: 鍒版湰琛岀涓涓笉鏄痓lank鐨勫瓧絎︺傦紙blank瀛楃鍗崇┖鏍鹼紝tab錛屾崲琛屽拰鍥炶濺錛?br />$: 鍒版湰琛岃灝?br />g_: 鍒版湰琛屾渶鍚庝竴涓笉鏄痓lank瀛楃鐨勪綅緗?br />/pattern: 鎼滅儲pattern鐨勫瓧絎︿覆銆傦紙鎼滅儲澶氫釜鎸塶鍥炲埌涓嬩竴涓級
3. 鎷瘋礉錛?br />
P錛氬湪褰撳墠浣嶇疆涔嬪墠鎷瘋礉錛堝皢緙撳啿鍖哄唴鐨勫唴瀹規嫹璐濊繃鏉ワ級
p: 鍦ㄥ綋鍓嶄綅緗箣鍚庢嫹璐?br />yy: 鎷瘋礉褰撳墠琛屻?鍦ㄦ煇琛屼嬌鐢ㄤ箣鍚庯紝鐩稿綋浜庢嫹璐濅簡璇ヨ錛岀劧鍚庡埌鎸囧畾浣嶇疆錛屼嬌鐢≒鍛戒護綺樿創鍒版寚瀹氱殑浣嶇疆)
4.Undo/Redo
u : undo
Ctrl + r : redo
5. 鎵撳紑淇濆瓨
e<path/file> : 鎵撳紑涓涓枃浠?br />w: 淇濆瓨
saveas<path/file>: 鍙﹀瓨涓烘煇涓湴鏂?br />x,wq: 淇濆瓨錛坸琛ㄧず浠呴渶瑕佷繚瀛樻椂淇濆瓨錛寃q鍒欐槸淇濆瓨錛?br />ZZ錛氫笉闇瑕佽緭鍏ュ墠闈㈢殑鍐掑彿鍗沖彲淇濆瓨錛屾鏃朵細閫鍑恒傦紙涓嶅悓浜庡墠闈㈢殑鍐掑彿+鍥炶濺錛?br />bn, bp: 鍚屾椂鎵撳紑澶氫釜鏂囦歡鐨勮瘽錛屼嬌鐢ㄨ繖涓潵鍒囨崲鍒頒笂涓涓垨鑰呬笅涓涓枃浠躲?br />
6. 鏇村ソ
.: 杈撳叆涓涓偣鍙蜂細閲嶅鎵ц涓婃鐨勫懡浠?br />N<command>: 閲嶅鎵цcommand鍛戒護N嬈°?姣斿2dd琛ㄧず鍒犻櫎涓よ錛?p琛ㄧず綺樿創涓夋)
7. 鏇村己
NG: 鍒扮N琛岋紙姣斿3G錛岃〃紺鴻煩杞埌絎笁琛岋級鍙﹀鍙互浣跨敤:137璺寵漿鍒?37琛岋紙鎰熻鏇存柟渚匡級
gg: 璺寵漿鍒扮涓琛?鐩稿綋浜?G錛屾垨鑰?1)
G: 璺寵漿鍒版渶鍚庝竴琛?br />鍗曡瘝鐨勭Щ鍔細
w錛?鍒頒笅涓涓崟璇嶇殑寮濮?br />e錛?鍒頒笅涓涓崟璇嶇殑緇撳熬
錛堝鏋滆涓哄垎鍙蜂篃鏄竴涓崟璇嶇殑璇濓紝浣跨敤E/W錛?br />姣斿錛歺 = (name_1, vision_3); 鍚庨潰鐨勮繖涓垎鍙峰氨瑕佹敞鎰忋?br />
%: 鍖歸厤鎷彿錛屽厛縐誨姩鍏夋爣鍒頒竴涓嫭鍙峰錛岀劧鍚庡湪鍛戒護妯″紡涓嬭緭鍏?錛屽嵆鍙煩杞埌鍖歸厤鐨勬嫭鍙楓?br />*錛氬尮閰嶅厜鏍囧埌褰撳墠鎵鍦ㄧ殑鍗曡瘝銆傦紙鍚戜笅鍖歸厤錛?鍖歸厤灝辨槸鐭ラ亾鐩稿悓鐨勫崟璇嶏紝姣斿鍦ㄥ綋鍓嶈鏈?涓崟璇峵est錛岄偅涔堟寜*灝變細瀵繪壘騫惰煩杞埌涓嬩竴涓崟璇峵est鐨勮搗濮嬩箣澶?
#錛氬尮閰嶅厜鏍囧埌褰撳墠鎵鍦ㄥ崟璇嶏紙鍚戜笂鍖歸厤錛?br />
8. 鏇村揩
涓瀹氳璁頒綇鍏夋爣鐨勭Щ鍔ㄣ?br />eg錛?y$錛氱幇璺寵漿鍒扮涓琛岋紝鐒跺悗鎷瘋礉錛屾嫹璐濆埌琛屾湯錛?br />綾諱技鐨勶紝ye錛氬紑濮嬫嫹璐濓紝鎷瘋礉鍒扮铔嬫鐨勬渶鍚庝竴涓紙e鍏跺疄灝辨槸end錛?br />y2/foo錛氭嫹璐濅袱涓猣oo鐩存帴鐨勫瓧絎︿覆錛堣繖縐嶇敤娉曞緢濂囩壒錛屽墠闈㈡病鏈夎鍒幫級
榪樻湁寰堝鏃墮棿騫朵笉涓瀹氫綘灝變竴瀹氳鎸墆鎵嶄細鎷瘋礉錛屼笅闈㈢殑鍛戒護涔熶細琚嫹璐濓細
d (鍒犻櫎 )
v (鍙鍖栫殑閫夋嫨)
gU (鍙樺ぇ鍐?
gu (鍙樺皬鍐?
絳夌瓑
9.Vim瓚呰兘鍔?br />fa: 鍒頒笅涓涓負a鐨勫瓧絎﹀銆傚悓鐞嗭紝fs鍒頒笅涓涓負s鐨勫瓧絎﹀
t,錛氬埌閫楀彿鍓嶇殑絎竴涓瓧絎﹀銆傚悓鐞嗭紝ta灝辨槸鍒癮鍓嶇殑絎竴涓瓧絎﹀嚭銆?br />3fa錛氬湪褰撳墠琛屾煡鎵劇涓変釜鍑虹幇鐨刟
F鍜孴錛氫綔鐢ㄥ拰f涓巘涓鏍鳳紝鍙槸鐩稿弽鐨勬柟鍚戙?br />dt": 鍒犻櫎鎵鏈夌殑鍐呭錛岀煡閬撻亣鍒頒簡鍙屽紩鍙鳳紝綾諱技鐨勫彲浠ユ崲鎴愬叾浠栫殑濡俤t+浠繪剰瀛楃銆?br />
==========================浠ヤ笅鍐呭涓轟互鍓嶆病鎺ヨЕ鐨勶紝閲嶇偣鍥為【===================
1. 鍖哄煙閫夋嫨
<action>a<object> or <action>i<object>
<action> 鍙互鏄換浣曞懡浠わ紝濡俤錛堝垹闄わ級,y(鎷瘋礉)錛寁(鍙鍖栨ā寮忛夋嫨).
<object>鍙互鏄細w琛ㄧず涓涓崟璇嶏紝s琛ㄧず涓涓彞瀛愶紝p涓涓钀姐備篃鍙互鏄壒孌婂瓧絎︽瘮濡傦級,}絳夌瓑銆?br />
瀵逛簬(map (+)("foo")),鍏夋爣鍦ㄧ涓涓猳鐨勪綅緗?br />鍒欙細vi" ----瀵瑰簲鐨勬槸<action>i<object>榪欑鎯呭喌錛寁琛ㄧず妯″紡閫夋嫨錛岀劧鍚巌琛ㄧず鐨勬槸涓嶅寘鎷繖涓壒孌婂瓧絎︼紝鎵浠ユ槸浠庣涓涓猳鎵鍦ㄧ殑鍖呭惈鍦?絎﹀彿涓殑銆?br />鍏朵粬鐨勭被浼鹼紝涓嶅悓鐨勬槸a鏄鍖呮嫭鍐呭鐨勩?br /> vi" → 浼氶夋嫨 foo.
va" → 浼氶夋嫨 "foo".
vi) → 浼氶夋嫨 "foo".
va) → 浼氶夋嫨("foo").
v2i) → 浼氶夋嫨 map (+) ("foo")
v2a) → 浼氶夋嫨 (map (+) ("foo"))
鍧楁搷浣?br />鍧楁搷浣滐紝鍏稿瀷鐨勬搷浣滐細 0 <C-v> <C-d> I-- [ESC]
Windows涓嬮潰鏄疌trl+q鑰屼笉鏄疌trl+v寮濮嬪潡鎿嶄綔銆?br />鍋氭硶鏄細
1. 鍏堢Щ鍔ㄥ厜鏍囧埌鏌愪釜鍦版柟銆?br />2. Ctrl+V寮濮嬪潡鎿嶄綔銆?br />3. 閫夋嫨鍧楃殑鑼冨洿錛堟鏃跺彲浠ョ敤hjkl錛屾垨鑰?錛屾垨鑰匔trl+d絳夌瓑錛?br />4. I-- Esc錛堥夋嫨瀵瑰簲鐨勬搷浣滐紝榪欓噷鏄彃鍏i錛屾墍浠ョ幇I琛ㄧず鎻掑叆錛岀劧鍚?-錛屼絾鏄繖鏍峰彧鏄鏈寮濮嬬殑閭ｄ釜璧蜂綔鐢紝瑕佸簲鐢ㄥ埌鎵鏈夌殑鍧楋紝闇瑕佷嬌鐢‥sc閿級
鑷姩鎻愮ず<Ctrl+n> <Ctrl+p>
鎵璋撶殑鑷姩鎻愮ず錛氬疄闄呬笂鏄疺im瀵圭敤鎴瘋繎鏈熻緭鍏ョ殑鍗曡瘝榪涜緇熻璁板繂鐨勭粨鏋滐紝瀹冪殑榪欎釜鑷姩鎻愮ず錛屾槸褰撲綘榪戞湡杈撳叆鏌愪釜鍗曡瘝鍚庯紝鍐嶆杈撳叆鐨勬椂鍊欙紝濡傛灉杈撳叆棣栧崟璇嶏紝浣跨敤璇ュ揩鎹烽敭灝辮兘鍖歸厤鐩稿簲鍗曡瘝錛屼粠鑰岃嚜鍔ㄨˉ鍏ㄣ?br />濡傝緭鍏ヤ笅闈㈢殑涓や釜鍗曡瘝錛?br />LaTeX
XeLaText
鐒跺悗鍦ㄨ緭鍏ヤ笅闈㈢殑榪欎釜錛屽彧杈撳叆棣栧崟璇嶏紝鍦ㄥ埄鐢–+n緇勫悎錛屽氨浼氳嚜鍔ㄨˉ榻愩?br />XeLaText LaTeX
瀹忓綍鍒訛細
qa鎶婁綘鐨勬搷浣滆褰曞湪瀵勫瓨鍣╝鍐?br />鐒跺悗@a灝變細閲嶅榪欎釜琚褰曠殑瀹?br />@@鐢ㄦ潵閲嶅鑷繁鐨勪竴涓畯錛堣鎸囧畾鏌愪竴涓壒瀹氱殑灝辮鐢ˊxx錛屽叾涓瓁x鍗沖墠闈繚瀛樼殑鍚嶏級
qaYp<C-a>q→
qa 寮濮嬪綍鍒?br /> Yp 澶嶅埗琛?
<C-a> 澧炲姞1.
q 鍋滄褰曞埗.
@a → 鍦?涓嬮潰鍐欎笅 2
@@ → 鍦? 姝ｉ潰鍐欎笅3
鐜板湪鍋?100@@ 浼氬垱寤烘柊鐨?00琛岋紝騫舵妸鏁版嵁澧炲姞鍒?103.
鍙鍖栭夋嫨v錛孷錛孋trl+V錛堣繖涓湪鍓嶉潰鏈夎鍒幫級
棣栧厛鐨勫伐浣滆嚜鐒舵槸浣跨敤榪欎釜宸ュ叿鏉ラ夋嫨浜嗭紝闅忎究鍝竴縐嶉兘鍙互銆?br />鍏舵閫夋嫨鍚庡氨鏄璇ユā鍧楄繘琛屾搷浣滐紝緙栬緫浜嗐傚彲浠ユ湁
J : 鎶婃墍鏈夎閮借繛鎺ヨ搗鏉?br />< or > : 宸﹀彸緙╄繘
=錛氳嚜鍔ㄥ畬鎴愮緝榪涳紙鍘熷鍔ㄧ敾涓氨鏄繖涓晥鏋滐紝鐪嬩簡鍗婂ぉ鍙戠幇緙╄繘鍙樺寲浜嗭級
濡備綍鍦ㄦ墍鏈夐変腑琛岀殑鏈熬閮藉姞鍏ヤ竴涓笢涓滃憿錛?br />灝卞拰鍦ㄥ墠闈㈠姞鍏?-鐨勯偅涓緥瀛愪竴鏍鳳紝鍏堥変腑妯″潡錛岀劧鍚庤煩鍒版湯灝?,鐒跺悗鍔犲叆鐨勮瘽鏄疉錛屽姞鍏ユ煇涓氨鏄緭鍏ュ瓧絎︿覆浜嗭紝搴旂敤鍒版墍鏈夋ā鍧楃殑閮ㄥ垎灝辨槸鎸変笅Esc鍗沖彲銆?br />
鍒嗗睆split鍜寁split
:split: 鍒涘緩鍒嗛厤錛坴split鍒欐槸鍒涘緩鍨傜洿鍒嗗睆錛?br />C-w<Direction>錛?Direction鍙互鏄痟jkl鎴栬呮柟鍚戦敭錛岀敤鏉ヤ笉鍚屽睆騫曞垏鎹?br />C-w_鎴栬匔-w|: 鐢ㄦ潵鏈澶у寲灝哄銆?br />C-w+鎴栬匔-w-: 澧炲姞灝哄銆?br />
鍒嗗睆鐨勪嬌鐢細
1.浣跨敤澶у啓鐨凮鍙傛暟鏉ュ瀭鐩村垎灞忋倂im -On file1 file2
2. 浣跨敤灝忓啓鐨刼鍙傛暟鏉ユ按騫沖垎灞忋?vim -on file1 file2
3. 涓婁笅鍒嗗壊錛屽茍鎵撳紑涓涓柊鏂囦歡銆?:sp filename
4. 宸﹀彸鍒嗗壊錛屽茍鎵撳紑涓涓柊鏂囦歡銆?:vsp filename
5. 灞忓箷涔嬮棿鐨勭Щ鍔細Ctrl + W + (h, j, k, l)(涓嶅悓鍙傛暟琛ㄧず縐誨姩鐨勬柟鍚?
姣斿Ctrl + W + h琛ㄧず鍚戝乏杈圭殑灞忓箷縐誨姩銆?br />6. 灞忓箷灝哄鐨勫彉鍖栥?br /> Ctrl + W + : 琛ㄧず澧炲姞楂樺害銆?br /> Ctrl + W - : 琛ㄧず鍑忓皯楂樺害
Ctrl + w = : 浣垮緱鎵鏈夌殑灞忓箷鏈夌浉鍚岀殑楂樺害
7. 鍏蜂綋鐨勬洿鍔犺緇嗙殑鍐呭瑙乭elp鏂囨。鎴栬卙ttp://coolshell.cn/articles/1679.html
(娉紝閰峰３涓婄殑閮ㄥ垎鍛戒護鍙兘鐢變簬鐗堟湰鍘熷洜宸插け鏁堬紝搴旇鏈夋柊鐨勫揩鎹烽敭浠ｆ浛)
VIM榪樻湁鏇村鐨勫姛鑳介渶瑕佸涔狅紝鍏抽敭鏄湪浣跨敤涓笉鏂姞娣辯粌涔狅紝榪樻湁寮哄ぇ鐨勬墿灞曟彃浠訛紝鍙﹀鍦ㄦ祻瑙堝櫒涓篃鏈夌浉搴旂殑鎵╁睍錛屽彲璋撳姛鑳藉己澶с傚悗緇細緇х畫瀛︿範錛屽茍鍋氬ソ絎旇浠ュ強鏃舵葷粨瀛︿範鎵寰椼?br />
]]>
1. Type 0 (zero) to move to the start of the line.
Type 2w to move the cursor two words forward.
Type 3e to move the cursor to the end of the third word forward.
2. Type x to delete the first unwanted character.
Type rx to replace the character at the cursor with x
3. To change until the end of a word, type ce (ce + 淇鐨勫崟璇?
4. C灝辯被浼間簬d銆俤e,dw,d$閮藉搴旂潃ce,cw,c$
5. Type CTRL-G to show your location in the file and the file status.
Type G to move to a line in the file.
6. Press G to move you to the bottom of the file.
Type gg to move you to the start of the file.
7. Type / followed by a phrase to search for the phrase.
8. To search for the same phrase again, simply type n .
To search for the same phrase in the opposite direction, type N
9. To search for a phrase in the backward direction, use ? instead of /
10. To go back to where you came from press CTRL-O
11. 鍖歸厤浣跨敤%錛屾斁緗湪涓涓嫭鍙蜂笅闈紝鐒跺悗杈撳叆%錛屽氨浼氳煩杞埌鍙﹀涓涓笂闈€?nbsp;
12. type :#,#s/old/new/g where #,# are the line numbers of the range
of lines where the substitution is to be done. 錛堜袱琛屼箣闂寸殑鎵鏈夋枃鏈級
Type :%s/old/new/g to change every occurrence in the whole file.錛堜笉鎻愮ず錛屼絾鏄槸鏁翠釜鏂囦歡錛?br /> Type :%s/old/new/gc to find every occurrence in the whole file,
with a prompt whether to substitute or not.錛堟彁紺烘槸鍚︿唬鏇匡級
13.g琛ㄧず鍙栦唬璇ヨ鎵鏈夌殑銆?br /> 姣斿:s/thee/the/g琛ㄧず鍙栦唬璇ヨ涓墍鏈夌殑thee涓簍he銆?nbsp;
14. CTRL-G displays your location in the file and the file status.
G moves to the end of the file.
number G moves to that line number.
gg moves to the first line.
15. 錛氾紒 榪愯鎵ц澶栭儴紼嬪簭銆傦紙鍐掑彿鏄繀欏葷殑錛屽懡浠ゆā寮忛兘蹇呴』鐨勶紝姣斿錛歸琛ㄧず淇濆瓨錛?(澶栭儴鍛戒護濡俵s錛宲wd闇瑕佷嬌鐢紒錛岃屽唴閮ㄥ懡浠ゅ垯鏄洿鎺ワ細w絳夌瓑錛屼笉闇瑕佷嬌鐢紒)
16. 杈撳叆v榪涘叆瑙嗚妯″紡錛屾鏃墮紶鏍囧悜涓嬩細閫変腑閮ㄥ垎鏂囧瓧錛岀劧鍚庡彲浠ュ閫変腑鐨勬枃瀛楁搷浣溿?br />姣斿錛歸 TEST鍒欎細鎶婇変腑鐨勪繚瀛樹綅鏂囨湰銆?br />:d鍒欎細鍒犻櫎閫変腑鐨勬枃鏈?nbsp;
17. 鎻掑叆涓涓枃浠剁殑閮ㄥ垎鍐呭錛屼嬌鐢細r FILENAME鍗沖彲鎻掑叆涓涓枃浠跺埌璇ヨ銆?nbsp;
18. 鍦ㄤ笅鏂規柊寤轟竴涓┖琛岋紝浣跨敤o錛?br /> 鍦ㄤ笂鏂規柊寤轟竴涓┖琛岋紝浣跨敤O銆傦紙鍛戒護妯″紡涓嬶級 錛堣緭鍏ュ懡浠ゅ悗浼氳繘鍏ユ彃鍏ユā寮忥級
NOTE: a, i and A all go to the same Insert mode, the only difference is where
the characters are inserted.錛坅鏄湪鍏夋爣鍚庯紝A鏄湪琛屾湯灝撅紝i鍒欐槸鍏夋爣澶勶級
19. e璺寵漿涓涓崟璇嶃俥.g: 2e琛ㄧず璺寵漿涓や釜鍗曡瘝錛屾瘮鍚戝彸閿洿蹇嵎銆?br /> G璺寵漿琛屻俥.g: 721G琛ㄧず璺寵漿鍒扮721琛?br />
20. 鏇挎崲錛?br />R錛氭浛鎹綅澶氫釜瀛楁瘝
r錛氭浛鎹綅鍗曚釜瀛楁瘝
21. Move the cursor to the end of the next line: j$
22. Use the y operator to copy text and p to paste it
NOTE: you can also use y as an operator; yw yanks one word.
23. Set the 'ic' (Ignore case) option by entering: :set ic錛堝寘鍚ぇ灝忓啓鍖歸厤鐨勯兘鏄劇ず鍑烘潵錛屾瘮濡侷gnore錛孖GNORE錛?br /> Set the 'hlsearch' and 'incsearch' options: :set hls is錛堥珮浜樉紺猴級
錛坰et option錛?br />24. Typing ":set xxx" sets the option "xxx". Some options are:
'ic' 'ignorecase' ignore upper/lower case when searching
'is' 'incsearch' show partial matches for a search phrase
'hls' 'hlsearch' highlight all matching phrases
You can either use the long or the short option name.
25. Prepend "no" to switch an option off: :set noic
26. 鍦ㄥ懡浠ゆā寮忎笅錛岃緭鍏鐒跺悗鎸塗AB閿紝浼氳嚜鍔ㄥ嚭鐜板緢澶氱浉鍏崇殑鍛戒護錛堜互e寮澶寸殑鍛戒護錛夈傦紙絎竴涓浉鍏崇殑錛?br />鎸塁trl + D鑳藉鍑虹幇鎵鏈変互浠栧紑澶寸殑鍛戒護銆?nbsp;
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