0銆?鍜?鍒嗗埆琛ㄧず鏍囧噯杈撳叆銆佹爣鍑嗚緭鍑哄拰鏍囧噯閿欒淇℃伅杈撳嚭錛屽彲浠ョ敤鏉ユ寚瀹氶渶瑕侀噸瀹氬悜鐨勬爣鍑嗚緭鍏ユ垨杈撳嚭銆?br />鍦ㄤ竴鑸嬌鐢ㄦ椂錛岄粯璁ょ殑鏄爣鍑嗚緭鍑猴紝鏃?.褰撴垜浠渶瑕佺壒孌婄敤閫旀椂錛屽彲浠ヤ嬌鐢ㄥ叾浠栨爣鍙楓備緥濡傦紝灝嗘煇涓▼搴忕殑閿欒淇℃伅杈撳嚭鍒發og鏂囦歡涓細./program 2>log銆傝繖鏍鋒爣鍑嗚緭鍑鴻繕鏄湪灞忓箷涓婏紝浣嗘槸閿欒淇℃伅浼氳緭鍑哄埌log鏂囦歡涓?br />鍙﹀錛屼篃鍙互瀹炵幇0錛?錛?涔嬮棿鐨勯噸瀹氬悜銆?>&1錛氬皢閿欒淇℃伅閲嶅畾鍚戝埌鏍囧噯杈撳嚭銆?br />Linux涓嬭繕鏈変竴涓壒孌婄殑鏂囦歡/dev/null錛屽畠灝卞儚涓涓棤搴曟礊錛屾墍鏈夐噸瀹氬悜鍒板畠鐨勪俊鎭兘浼氭秷澶卞緱鏃犲獎鏃犺釜銆傝繖涓鐐歸潪甯告湁鐢紝褰撴垜浠笉闇瑕佸洖鏄劇▼搴忕殑鎵鏈変俊鎭椂錛屽氨鍙互灝嗚緭鍑洪噸瀹氬悜鍒?dev/null銆?br />
濡傛灉鎯寵姝ｅ父杈撳嚭鍜岄敊璇俊鎭兘涓嶆樉紺猴紝鍒欒鎶婃爣鍑嗚緭鍑哄拰鏍囧噯閿欒閮介噸瀹氬悜鍒?dev/null錛?渚嬪錛?/p>
# ls 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
榪樻湁涓縐嶅仛娉曟槸灝嗛敊璇噸瀹氬悜鍒版爣鍑嗚緭鍑猴紝鐒跺悗鍐嶉噸瀹氬悜鍒?/dev/null錛屼緥濡傦細
# ls >/dev/null 2>&1
娉ㄦ剰錛氭澶勭殑欏哄簭涓嶈兘鏇存敼錛屽惁鍒欒揪涓嶅埌鎯寵鐨勬晥鏋滐紝姝ゆ椂鍏堝皢鏍囧噯杈撳嚭閲嶅畾鍚戝埌 /dev/null錛岀劧鍚庡皢鏍囧噯閿欒閲嶅畾鍚戝埌鏍囧噯杈撳嚭錛岀敱浜庢爣鍑嗚緭鍑哄凡緇忛噸瀹氬悜鍒頒簡/dev/null錛屽洜姝ゆ爣鍑嗛敊璇篃浼氶噸瀹氬悜鍒?dev/null錛屼簬鏄竴鍒囬潤鎮勬倓:-)
鐢變簬浣跨敤nohup鏃訛紝浼氳嚜鍔ㄥ皢杈撳嚭鍐欏叆nohup.out鏂囦歡涓紝濡傛灉鏂囦歡寰堝ぇ鐨勮瘽錛宯ohup.out灝變細涓嶅仠鐨勫澶э紝榪欐槸鎴戜滑涓嶅笇鏈涚湅鍒扮殑錛屽洜姝わ紝鍙互鍒╃敤/dev/null鏉ヨВ鍐寵繖涓棶棰樸?/p>
nohup ./program >/dev/null 2>log &
濡傛灉閿欒淇℃伅涔熶笉鎯寵鐨勮瘽錛?/p>
nohup ./program >/dev/null 2>&1 &
瑕佸疄鐜板畧鎶よ繘紼嬶紝涓縐嶆柟娉曟槸鎸夊畧鎶よ繘紼嬬殑瑙勫垯鍘葷紪紼嬶紙鏈珯鏈夋枃绔犱粙緇嶈繃錛夛紝姣旇緝楹葷儲錛涘彟涓縐嶆柟娉曟槸浠嶇劧鐢ㄦ櫘閫氭柟娉曠紪紼嬶紝鐒跺悗鐢╪ohup鍛戒護鍚姩紼嬪簭錛?
nohup <紼嬪簭鍚?gt; &
鍒欐帶鍒跺彴logout鍚庯紝榪涚▼浠嶇劧緇х畫榪愯錛岃搗鍒板畧鎶よ繘紼嬬殑浣滅敤錛堣櫧鐒跺畠涓嶆槸涓ユ牸鎰忎箟涓婄殑瀹堟姢榪涚▼錛夈?br />浣跨敤nohup鍛戒護鍚庯紝鍘熺▼搴忕殑鐨勬爣鍑嗚緭鍑鴻鑷姩鏀瑰悜鍒板綋鍓嶇洰褰曚笅鐨刵ohup.out鏂囦歡錛岃搗鍒頒簡log鐨勪綔鐢紝瀹炵幇浜嗗畬鏁寸殑瀹堟姢榪涚▼鍔熻兘銆?
For example錛?br />濡備綍榪滅▼鍚姩WebLogic鏈嶅姟?
鐢╰elnet榪滅▼鎺у埗鏈嶅姟鍣紝榪滅▼鍚姩WEBLOGIC鏈嶅姟錛屽惎鍔ㄥ悗鍏抽棴telnet錛學ebLogic鏈嶅姟涔熻窡鐫鍋滄錛岃繖鏄洜涓轟嬌鐢╰elnet鍚姩鐨勮繘紼嬩細闅忕潃telnet榪涚▼鐨勫叧闂屽叧闂傛墍浠ユ垜浠彲浠ヤ嬌鐢ㄤ竴浜沀NIX涓嬬殑鍛戒護鏉ュ仛鍒頒笉鍏抽棴銆?/p>
浣跨敤濡備笅鍛戒護錛?/p>
nohup startWeblogic.sh&
濡傛灉鎯寵鐩戞帶鏍囧噯杈撳嚭鍙互浣跨敤錛?/p>
tail -f nohup.out
FreeBSD鍙互鍚屾椂榪愯澶氫釜榪涚▼錛屽湪shell涓嬬洿鎺ヨ緭鍏ュ懡浠ゅ悗錛宻hell灝嗚繘紼嬫斁鍒板墠鍙版墽琛屻傚鏋滆灝嗚繘紼嬫斁鍒板悗鍙版墽琛岋紝闇瑕佸湪鍛戒護琛岀殑緇撳熬鍔犱笂涓涓?“&” 絎﹀彿銆備笅闈㈢殑鍛戒護浠庡悗鍙版墽琛岋紝浠巉tp.isc.org涓嬭澆鏂囦歡銆?/p>
$ fetch ftp://ftp.isc.org/pub/inn/inn-1.7.2.tar.gz &
褰撶▼搴忓凡緇忓湪鍓嶅彴鎵ц鐨勬椂鍊欙紝鍙互浣跨敤^Z灝嗚繖涓▼搴忔寕璧鳳紝鏆傚仠鎵ц銆傜劧鍚庡彲浠ヤ嬌鐢╞g鍛戒護灝嗚繖涓寕璧風殑紼嬪簭鏀懼埌鍚庡彴鎵ц錛屾垨鑰呬嬌鐢╢g灝嗘煇涓湪鍚庡彴鎴栨寕璧風殑榪涚▼鏀懼埌鍓嶅彴鎵ц銆?/p>
褰撳湪鍚庡彴榪愯浜嗙▼搴忕殑鏃跺欙紝鍙互鐢╦obs鍛戒護鏉ユ煡鐪嬪悗鍙頒綔涓氱殑鐘舵併傚湪鏈夊涓悗鍙扮▼搴忔椂錛岃浣跨敤鏉ュ弬鏁扮殑fg鍛戒護灝嗕笉鍚屽簭鍙風殑鍚庡彴浣滀笟鍒囨崲鍒板墠鍙頒笂榪愯銆?/font>
$ jobs
[1]+ Running fetch ftp://ftp.isc.org/pub/inn/inn-1.7.2.tar.gz &
$ fg %1
fetch ftp://ftp.isc.org/pub/inn/inn-1.7.2.tar.gz
鍦ㄥ惎鍔ㄤ簡澶氫釜紼嬪簭涔嬪悗錛屽彲浠ヤ嬌鐢╬s鍛戒護鏉ユ煡鐪嬭繖浜涜繘紼嬪強鍏剁姸鎬併?/p>
$ ps
PID TT STAT TIME COMMAND
501 p2 Ss 0:00.24 -bash (bash)
988 p2 R+ 0:00.00 ps
765 p3 Is+ 0:00.28 -bash (bash)
230 v0 Is+ 0:00.14 -bash (bash)
鏄劇ず鐨勭粨鏋滃寘鎷繘紼嬬殑鏍囪瘑鍙稰ID錛屾帶鍒剁粓绔疶T錛坧0琛ㄧず鎺у埗緇堢涓簍typ0錛夛紝榪涚▼鐨勭姸鎬丼TAT錛岃繘紼嬩嬌鐢ㄧ殑澶勭悊鍣ㄦ椂闂碩IME鍜屽叿浣撶殑鍛戒護銆?/p>
鍙互緇檖s鍛戒護鍔犱笂鍙傛暟錛屾潵鑾峰緱鏇村鐨勮緭鍑哄唴瀹癸紝浠ヤ笅鍛戒護灝嗚緭鍑虹郴緇熶腑鎵鏈夌殑榪涚▼錛?/p>
$ ps waux
USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TT STAT STARTED TIME COMMAND
wb 989 0.0 0.4 400 236 p2 R+ 5:48PM 0:00.00 ps -aux
root 1 0.0 0.1 496 72 ?? Is 10:12PM 0:00.02 /sbin/init --
root 2 0.0 0.0 0 0 ?? DL 10:12PM 0:07.05 (pagedaemon)
root 3 0.0 0.0 0 0 ?? DL 10:12PM 0:00.20 (vmdaemon)
root 4 0.0 0.0 0 0 ?? DL 10:12PM 0:04.27 (syncer)
root 27 0.0 0.0 204 0 ?? IWs - 0:00.00 (adjkerntz)
root 91 0.0 0.5 820 328 ?? Is 2:12PM 0:00.82 syslogd
daemon 100 0.0 0.0 792 0 ?? IWs - 0:00.00 (portmap)
root 131 0.0 0.3 864 164 ?? Is 2:12PM 0:00.06 inetd
root 134 0.0 0.3 980 192 ?? Is 2:12PM 0:00.11 cron
root 138 0.0 0.6 1252 380 ?? Is 2:12PM 0:00.11 sendmail: accepti
wb 230 0.0 1.1 1540 668 v0 Is+ 2:12PM 0:00.14 -bash (bash)
root 231 0.0 0.0 824 0 v1 IWs+ - 0:00.00 (getty)
root 232 0.0 0.0 824 0 v2 IWs+ - 0:00.00 (getty)
root 500 0.0 0.9 876 524 ?? Ss 4:19PM 0:01.78 telnetd
wb 501 0.0 1.4 1540 888 p2 Ss 4:19PM 0:00.24 -bash (bash)
root 698 0.0 1.5 1644 900 ?? Is 4:49PM 0:00.02 /usr/local/sbin/s
root 700 0.0 1.2 1308 748 ?? Ss 4:49PM 0:00.22 /usr/local/sbin/n
root 702 0.0 3.4 2900 2112 ?? S 4:49PM 0:00.32 /usr/local/sbin/s
root 764 0.0 0.9 880 540 ?? Is 5:10PM 0:00.22 telnetd
wb 765 0.0 1.7 1536 1052 p3 Is+ 5:10PM 0:00.28 -bash (bash)
root 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 ?? DLs 10:12PM 0:00.02 (swapper)
褰撶敤鎴峰惎鍔ㄤ竴涓繘紼嬬殑鏃跺欙紝榪欎釜榪涚▼鏄繍琛屽湪鍓嶅彴錛屼嬌鐢ㄤ笌鐩稿簲鎺у埗緇堢鐩歌仈緋葷殑鏍囧噯杈撳叆銆佽緭鍑鴻繘琛岃緭鍏ュ拰杈撳嚭銆傚嵆浣垮皢榪涚▼鐨勮緭鍏ヨ緭鍑洪噸瀹氬悜錛屽茍灝嗚繘紼嬫斁鍦ㄥ悗鍙版墽琛岋紝榪涚▼浠嶇劧鍜屽綋鍓嶇粓绔澶囨湁鍏崇郴銆傛鍥犱負濡傛錛屽湪褰撳墠鐨勭櫥褰曚細璇濈粨鏉熸椂錛屾帶鍒剁粓绔澶囧皢鍜岀櫥褰曡繘紼嬬浉鑴辯錛岄偅涔堢郴緇熷氨鍚戞墍鏈変笌榪欎釜緇堢鐩歌仈緋葷殑榪涚▼鍙戦丼IGHUP鐨勪俊鍙鳳紝閫氱煡榪涚▼綰胯礬宸茬粡鎸傝搗浜嗭紝濡傛灉紼嬪簭娌℃湁鎺ョ榪欎釜淇″彿鐨勫鐞嗭紝閭ｄ箞緙虹渷鐨勫弽搴旀槸榪涚▼緇撴潫銆?font color="#ff0000" size="4">鍥犳鏅氱殑紼嬪簭騫朵笉鑳界湡姝ｈ劚紱葷櫥褰曚細璇濊岃繍琛岃繘紼嬶紝涓轟簡浣垮緱鍦ㄧ郴緇熺櫥褰曞悗榪樺彲浠ユ甯告墽琛岋紝鍙湁浣跨敤鍛戒護nohup鏉ュ惎鍔ㄧ浉搴旂▼搴忋?/font>
浠庝笂闈㈢殑ps鐨勮緭鍑虹粨鏋滃彲浠ョ湅鍑猴紝鏈変簺紼嬪簭娌℃湁鎺у埗緇堢錛岃繖浜涚▼搴忛氬父鏄竴浜涘悗鍙拌繘紼嬨備嬌鐢ㄥ懡浠ohup褰撶劧鍙互鍚姩榪欐牱鐨勭▼搴忥紝浣唍ohup鍚姩鐨勭▼搴忓湪榪涚▼鎵ц瀹屾瘯灝遍鍑猴紝鑰屽父瑙佺殑涓浜涙湇鍔¤繘紼嬮氬父姘鎬箙鐨勮繍琛屽湪鍚庡彴錛屼笉鍚戝睆騫曡緭鍑虹粨鏋溿傚湪Unix涓繖浜涙案涔呯殑鍚庡彴榪涚▼縐頒負瀹堟姢榪涚▼錛坉aemon錛夈傚畧鎶よ繘紼嬮氬父浠庣郴緇熷惎鍔ㄦ椂鑷姩寮濮嬫墽琛岋紝緋葷粺鍏抽棴鏃舵墠鍋滄銆?/font>濡傛灉鍋剁劧鏌愪釜瀹堟姢榪涚▼娑堝け浜嗭紝閭ｄ箞瀹冩彁渚涚殑鏈嶅姟灝嗕笉鍐嶈兘琚嬌鐢ㄣ?/p>
鍦ㄥ畧鎶よ繘紼嬩腑錛屾渶閲嶈鐨勪竴涓槸瓚呯駭瀹堟姢榪涚▼inetd錛岃繖涓繘紼嬫帴綆′簡澶ч儴鍒嗙綉緇滄湇鍔★紝浣嗗茍涓嶆槸瀵規瘡涓湇鍔￠兘鑷繁榪涜澶勭悊錛岃屾槸渚濇嵁榪炴帴璇鋒眰錛屽惎鍔ㄤ笉鍚岀殑鏈嶅姟紼嬪簭涓庡鎴鋒満鎵撲氦閬撱俰netd鏀寔緗戠粶鏈嶅姟縐嶇被鍦ㄥ畠鐨勮緗枃浠?etc/inet.conf涓畾涔夈俰net.conf鏂囦歡涓殑姣忎竴琛屽氨瀵瑰簲涓涓鍙ｅ湴鍧錛屽綋inetd鎺ュ彈鍒拌繛鎺ヨ繖涓鍙ｇ殑榪炴帴璇鋒眰鏃訛紝灝卞惎鍔ㄧ浉搴旂殑榪涚▼榪涜澶勭悊銆備嬌鐢╥netd鐨勫ソ澶勬槸緋葷粺涓嶅繀鍚姩寰堝瀹堟姢榪涚▼錛屼粠鑰岃妭綰︿簡緋葷粺璧勬簮錛?font color="#ff0000" size="4">鐒惰屼嬌鐢╥netd鍚姩瀹堟姢榪涚▼鐩稿簲鍙嶅簲浼氳繜緙撲竴浜涳紝涓嶉傚悎鐢ㄤ簬琚瘑闆嗚闂殑鏈嶅姟榪涚▼